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Irony in Shakespeare
Characterisation iago from othello
Irony of Othello
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Shakespeare implies much irony in the play through the use of ironic devices. He shows use of verbal, dramatic, and situational irony. Through the use of irony Shakespeare sparks an interest in the reader on to what will occur as the play unravels. Verbal irony is one of the highly used ironic devices Shakespeare inputs, in many parts of the play. In some of the lines the meaning of words are the opposite of what Shakespeare is expressing. For instance, he uses Othello, as one who constantly refers to Iago as, “Honest Iago” (V.ii 92). As the readers we know Iago's capabilities and how “Honest” is a word that doesn’t represent or define Iago in any circumstance. Through a continuous use of Dramatic irony Shakespeare also allows the reader to
1. Irony is a useful device for giving stories many unexpected twists and turns. In Kate Chopin's "The Story of an Hour," irony is used very effectively in her story. Situational irony is used to show the reader what is assumed to happen sometimes doesn't. Dramatic irony is used to hint to the reader something is happening to the characters in the story that they do not know about. Irony is used throughout Chopin's "The Story of an Hour" through the use of situational irony and the use of dramatic irony.
Sophocles’s Antigone uses irony in it to show the quality of characters like Creon and Antigone. Irony was used to bring out the true character in each person in his plays. Sophocles uses irony many times with Creon and Antigone to show who they really were. Sophocles purpose with portraying irony in his writing was to show Antigone as rude and blunt, and to show Creon as prideful and sexist.
Through the combination of the two different types of irony, Shakespeare wasn’t only able to deliver his message, but was also successful in creating a comedy out of it at the same time. By using situational irony, he was able to create plot twists for the audience and make things more interesting. While dramatic irony was used mainly to create a comedic effect for the play. When combined, Shakespeare was able to deliver his message while making a point out of it looking from his perspective. “Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind, and therefore is winged Cupid painted blind. ” (Pg.
Iago’s Use of Rhetorical Strategies to Manipulate Othello in Shakespeare’s Othello. Rhetorical strategies are continually used to get a point across, or to manipulate another. Iago uses many devices to put false accusations into Othello’s head. In lines 330-447 in Act 3 scene 3, Iago uses rhetorical questioning, imagery, and sarcasm.
Verbal irony is when someone says one thing but, means another. An example of verbal irony in the play is when Procter is in the courthouse and says that Elizabeth can not lie and then she does. “In her life, sir, she have never lied. There are them that cannot sing, and them that cannot weep, my wife cannot lie. I have paid much to learn it, sir” (pg 973 Miller Act 3), “Look at me! To your knowledge, has John Procter ever committed the crime of lechery? Answer my question! Is your husband a leacher!” (pg 974 Miller Act 3), “No, sir” (pg 974 Miller Act 3). Another example of verbal irony is when Abigail is in the court house and she is doing Gods work, but really she is doing the devils by getting all the girls to act like they see Mary’s spirit too. “Oh, Mary this is a black art to change your shape. No, I cannot, I cannot stop my mouth; it’s God’s work I do” (pg 975 Miller Act 3). Dramatic irony is when the readers know something that the characters do not. One example of dramatic irony is when Abigail acts like she sees Mary Warrens spirit, but she really does not. “Oh, Mary, this is a black art to change your shape. No, I cannot, I cannot stop my mouth; it’s God’s work I do” (pg 975 Miller Act 3), “Mary Warren! Draw back your spirit out of them!” (pg 975 Miller Act 3). Another example of dramatic irony is when Elizabeth was asked why she discharged Abigail she said that she did not satisfy
Dramatic Irony is when an author allows the reader to know more than his/her characters in the story. This technique is used by the authors to add suspense to their literature. Edgar Allen Poe created many suspenseful stories using dramatic irony for the purpose of creating themes about human nature. In the short story “The Cask Of Amontillado,” Edgar Allen Poe uses dramatic irony to develop the theme that one should be careful about insulting another because he/she will seek revenge.
William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is a tragic story about two lovers who are from two disputing families, and their eventual suicides. Shakespeare uses dramatic irony throughout the play to create tension for the audience and foreshadow the ending. Dramatic irony is when the words or actions of characters in a story have a different meaning to the reader than to the characters. This is because the reader knows something that the characters do not. Romeo and Juliet’s death could have been prevented if the characters in the story weren’t so ignorant of their situations, and often times the reader recognizes this.
In both A Streetcar Named Desire and Hamlet, Tennessee Williams and William Shakespeare, respectively, demonstrate their abilities to create engaging plays which work on several levels in order to produce the desired effect. One of the most important characteristics of these plays is the playwrights' success in using their words to create the worlds surrounding their works. Both Shakespeare and Williams effectively use irony in the aforementioned plays, both in the plot and with specific symbolism, to create mildly existential environments where effective irony is a confirmation of fate and justice. Immediately apparent to the reader upon completion of these two works is the glaring appearance of irony in the plays' plots. For example, in A Streetcar Named Desire, a great deal of dramatic irony is created when the audience is made aware of details that characters are ignorant to.
Shakespeare's use of puns in Act four of Othello carried out with a sinister tone of the speaker: Iago. Opposed to Acts I and II, where the uses of puns contributed to Iago’s slander of Othello, Iago is convincing Othello to be on board with his plans. I noticed that this was situational irony in the instance of puns because while they are used to destroy Othello’s reputation, Iago says them to acquire Othello’s trust. Meanwhile, Iago is bolstering his stature in the community, he is undermining that of other charActers. Othello’s first step at confronting Desdemona exhibits this when he questions “are not you a strumpet” (Act 4 Scene 2 line 94).”
One technique that Shakespeare uses is irony. Verbal irony is when a character says one thing but means the opposite. When a reader understands the irony of what a character is saying, then he can truly understand the nature and intentions of the character. An example of verbal irony is when Macbeth says to Banquo, "Tonight we hold a solemn supper, sir,/ And I’ll request your presence" (Macbeth 3.1.13-14). The reader soon discovers that Banquo never makes it to the banquet because he is brutally murdered by order of Macbeth. Shakespeare also uses situation irony. This occurs when the results of an action or event are different than what is expected. An example of situation irony occurs when Macduff talks to Malcolm and discusses the tragedies that are taking place in Scotland. Without knowing that his own family has been slain Macduff says, " Each new morn/ New widows howl, new orphans cry, new sorrows/ Strike heaven on the fac...
the play, it seemed that Othello was the only one who didn't know the truth.
Examples of this are when Macbeth says Banquo. “Tonight we hold a solemn supper, sir, And I’ll request your presence (III, i, 13-14)” or when he says “Fail not our feast (III, i, 28).” Verbal irony makes the play more tragic. because, if the reader understands the irony of what a character is saying, then the reader can see the true nature and intentions of the character. Another type of irony Shakespeare used is the irony of a situation.
Through admirable pieces of written work that have stood the test of time, skillful authors have shown the use of irony to be an effective means of accentuating important themes and characters. In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, the dramatic use of various levels of irony distinctly outlines key themes and aspect of characters that are crucial to the play. The use of dramatic, verbal, and situational irony bring intensity to Shakespeare’s tragedy by emphasizing its key elements. Shakespeare skillfully incorporates dramatic irony on several occasion throughout the play to highlight key traits of the main characters and major themes.
Without the ironic events and characters the play loses its wit and can not completely convey its themes. In Hamlet, the irony that exists is dramatic irony as shown by this quote, “How strange or odd some'er I bear myself As I perchance hereafter shall think meet To put an antic disposition on” (Shakespeare I.V.199-200). Hamlet said this to Horacio and the audience, it's considered dramatic irony since the other characters do not know that he is feigning insanity. This is important to the plot since the plot is based around his insanity. The whole idea of the characters not knowing something is important to both stories.
William Shakespeare wrote works that are typically known for their tales of love, drama, and tragedy. While there are a diverse number of themes in Shakespeare's many plays, it is not often that many of the works are associated with irony. One work in particular, Othello, is mainly recalled as a story of deception, jealousy, and even racism, but seldom is the story analyzed for its use of direct contradiction and cynicism. For example, the villain of the story receives more attention than the protagonist though it is named after him, the vocabulary within the dialogue is opposite of the theme, and there are multiple characters that are perceived as one way though shown as another. There is a large amount of various kinds of irony used in Othello,