APPLICATION OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) IN
AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY
The widespread application of The Internet of Things (IOT) can not only change the extensive management mode in agriculture, but also develop the strength in epidemic control for animals and plants to ensure the safety of the agricultural products quality. So it’s of great significance to intensify research efforts on the application of IOT in agriculture and forestry. In recent years, IOT has been applied in some agriculture and forestry fields. Now we’ll give a basic overview of it.
A. Safety of agriculture product
The public becomes anxious about the food safety for some frequently occurred agriculture products’ safety accidents in recent years. To minimize the hidden danger of
it, we should enhance the management on the process of agriculture production.
Food safety traceability system is an application in IOT. For example, all the pork into a farmer's market will be put on an electronic chip to trace its production, processing, wholesale and retail. Consumers can get a receipt which contains retrospective food safety code to know all the information on origin place, abattoir and quality supervision about the product [4].
Table shows some cases on the application of IOT in ensuring safety of agriculture product.
TABLE I. CASES ON THE APPLICATION OF IOT IN ENSURING SAFETY
OF AGRICULTURE PRODUCT
Organization Application Performance
Supervising pork quality by putting a sensor tag
Dingshan Professional on the ear of one pig. The sensor tags apply IOT
Cooperation, Jiangsu technique into the food safety traceability
Province, China system to make sure that all products have their own traceable archive...
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...t support for realizing intensive, high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency, ecological and safe agricultural, its main techniques such as RFID, photo acoustic electromagnetic sensors, "3S" technology, laser scanner, etc, can make great breakthrough on agricultural product safety, agriculture information transmission, intelligent detecting, intelligent
cultivation control and precise irrigation. IOT also brings great convenience to forestry, especially in the forest identification, wood tracking management and so on.
With the rapid development of Internet, integration of Computing Clouds and The Internet of Things has become a tendency, if we can successfully resolved the problems at present and eliminate development bottleneck, the operation platform provide unprecedented new opportunity for will for agriculture and forestry, and even all areas in our society.
On January 4, 2011 President Obama signed into law The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA). This law has shed new light on the safety and security of our food supply. The last update to the food safety laws in the United States was in 1938. The food safety modernization act pays special attention at trying to modernize the food safety policies in the United States in hopes to prevent problems and concerns before they happen. As we all know, most of our food comes from overseas or sometimes from your neighboring state. The food products travel by car, truck, airplane, boat, or even train. We are all very happy to be receiving our bananas from Costa Rica and all of our other fresh fruits and vegetables that are imported into the United States, but we never stop to think about what pathogens are contaminating our produce and other foods on the way over and if they are safe for us to eat. In an article by Neal Fortin, he states that the law also gives the FDA new standards to hold imported foods to the domestic food standards and it also encourages the FDA to establish and develo...
By implementing new farming techniques provided with the new technological advances in machines we can see abundant harvest in even the poorest third world countries. For example, the Green Revolution has already showed admirable progress in the northern part of India ever since it took start in 1950. By 1997, northern India increased its grain production by 37 percent. This has proven that traditional farming methods are being rendered obsolete. And because by the year 2000, there will be half the land per person in developing countries as there was in 1970, we need to apply ultra-efficient methods to sustain the growing need. Not only does the Green Revolution enhances food output, it also preserves the environment.
We have all heard predictions of Smart homes that interact with Smart Cars to adjust the temperature settings and turn on lights based on the time we come home to refrigerators that can auto restock the groceries by ordering online. A world with ubiquitous Internet connectivity that will totally transform the way we live, work and play will no longer be the stuff of Science fiction in a decade or two. Internet of Things (IoT) that refers to the interconnection of billions of devices within the existing Internet infrastructure is expected to bring automation in all sorts of fields. The advances in Cognitive computing and big data analytics will change the way we deal with the complex problems of the world. Opinions of the over 3000 internet
Drones will have the ability to monitor and analyze crops for the agriculturist. It has been predicted that in next 10 years that almost every commercial farm in America will be using drones in some form or fashion. Drones will have the ability to monitor the crops and collect data to keep the agriculturist informed on his or her crop. Precision agriculture is a technique used to help monitor pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, and other applications that are being used or needing to be used. Drones are good investments for larger scale farms and have the ability to get information faster and less expensive for the agriculturist. (Reword and become less
Food safety is an increasingly important public health issue. Governments all over the world are intensifying their efforts to improve food safety. Food borne illnesses are diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food. “In industrialized countries, the percentage of people suffering from food borne diseases each year has been reported to be up to 30%. In the United States of America, for example, around 76 million cases of food borne diseases, resulting in 325,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths, are estimated to occur each year.” (Geneva 2)
Developing sustainable agricultural practices By increasing the number of trees in agricultural areas, farmers live in harmony with their environment.
The third weakness is the fact that food tests, inspections, and the detection of contaminants are taken seriously only after an outbreak of some food-borne diseases, food poisoning, or deaths. The increase in the number of food establishments or outlets such as cold stores, hypermarkets, and supermarkets reported by the Public Health Director has also made inspection and control mo...
With the rise as with the technology, challenges for farmers are growing too as earlier growers had to have knowledge in agronomics, risk management, marketing their products and it has become even more competitive with the surge in new precision agricultural practices and products. The growers have to tone their IT skills in order to run their day to day life, analyze the enormous amount of data to optimize the operations and be up to date with the current trends and the competition in the market.
The agricultural industry is very important because it provides large companies with the raw materials for their manufacturing of new products that are of good use to us today. From the food we eat to the clothes we wear, we owe it all to the field of farming. We can eat fresh and raw food with the help of the farmers who have worked their way in their lands. Our basic needs are being replenished by what we get from the products of agriculture. Due to the advent of science and technology and the progress of the intellect of humans, farm machinery is now being used in vast agricultural land.
Fog computing ‘s characteristics like mobility, proximity to end-users, low latency,location awareness, heterogeneity and due to its real-time applications fog computing platform make fog the appropriate platform for Internet of Things and it can positively affect operational costs. All problems related to congestion and latency are now resolved by Fog computing.Fog computing also provides an intelligent platform to manage the distributed and real-time nature of emerging IoT infrastructures. Developing these services at the edge through fog computing will lead to new business models and opportunities for network operators. By using the concepts of fog computing, if the these kind of processing use the same device, data generated can be use immediately and give user better experience. Therefore fog computing will play a vital role in Internet of things
Food safety culture society can be considered of comparable significance (3)to administrative consistence and client benefit . On the off chance that any of these three perspectives fizzle , the business itself could come up short (Ungku Zainal Abidin et al , 2013 ) . Numerous businesses additionally lift security to the same or even a larger amount of significance than these as no business can exist without representatives . Food safety highlights in the work environment is another great case of the significance of value affirmation in the public eye today (Taylor , 2011 ) . Regardless of whether it is the honesty of a security bridle for working at statures or the water testing for the city , quality estimations , preparing and framework arrangement can all straightforwardly influence workers and even open (4)wellbeing (Griffith , 2012 ) . Food safety is a logical idea portraying and dealing with , readiness , and capacity of foods in ways that anticipate foodborne disease . This incorporates various schedules that ought to be taken after to stay away from conceivably extreme (5)wellbeing perils (Roberts et al , 2012 )
How has the way farmers operations changed in the last few decades? How many people could they feed? In 1920 a farmer was capable of feeding 19 mouths. Later in 1970 an average farmer could feed 26 mouths. But now in 2013 the average farmer is able to feed 155 mouths. This is a productivity increase of 816% (farmersfeeds.org). That is amazing! This paper will look at how the latest technologies have changed the way farmers manage their acres. There are thousands of innovations that have taken place, but we will only have time to discuss a small fraction of the engineering marvels that have taken place. Farming has come a long way in the past century, how has technology changed farming and how will it change more in the future? How has the changes in technology and farming practices changed the way farmers are able to operate. Some areas that will be discussed include mobile computing devices, machine automation, and modernized planting techniques.
The present technology has found its use in almost every sector making the industries, businesses and institutions to use it for their daily activities since it brings a lot of benefits.
People have depended on agriculture for years as the primary source of getting food. We have developed all kinds of ways to manipulate nature so what we can produce higher yield crops, more nutritious crops, bigger crops, crops that withstand cold, and farming equipment that allows us to manufacture these crops with relative ease. Why then are there five billion people being malnourished and forty thousand children dying each day from hunger? It seems as though world hunger is more a result of the lack of distributing the food properly than the lack of quantity. agriculture has turned into a high profit business and biotech companies like Monsanto are constantly trying to come up with better and more efficient ways of farming. Are they doing this to try to solve the world hunger crisis, or merely to make a profit?
Key components of the IoE model are the smartphones we have become accustomed to using, cloud computing which has made remote storage and access a breeze, as well as wireless broadband networks which have been implemented in strategically viable locations for use by modern high broadband demanding devices. Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology works hand in hand with this system. IoE is expected to be the fastest growing technological system within the next half decade.