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This report is about the hybrid vehicles. It gives a brief definition of hybrid engines and shows how the hybrid engines started in the beginning of the twentieth century. Moreover, it explains the differences between hybrid cars and standard cars. Also, it mentioned some companies and countries that interested in producing hybrid cars, and the prices of their cars in the United State of America. Finally, it discusses the popularity of hybrid cars in USA and its factors. Hybrid vehicles are cars, which use both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor to obtain maximum power and fuel economy with minimum emissions. The first hybrid car was built in 1899 by Eng. Ferdinand Porsche (Jameson, 2009, p.1). His hybrid engine used a small gasoline engine to supply power to an electric motor that …show more content…
According to Cars Direct website, hybrid cars can reach 51 MPG wish destroy all gasoline and diesel efficiency expectations. This high efficiency yield to two main reasons: hybrid car tend to be lightweight, and the cooperating between the gasoline engine and the electric motor. ” According to consumer reports tests, most hybrid cars have better fuel economy than their gas-only counterparts “ (Barett, “The Difference Between Gas and Hybrid Vehicles”). This is obvious if we compare between a hybrid and gasoline cars which have the same name: the hybrid Honda civic average efficiency is 40 MPG while the standard Honda civic average efficiency is 29 MPG, the hybrid Hyundai sonata average efficiency is 33 MPG while the standard Hyundai sonata average efficiency is 27 MPG, and the hybrid Ford fusion average efficiency is 34 MPG while the standard Ford fusion average efficiency is 24 MPG (Barett) [average efficiency is the average between the car efficiency in city and its efficiency in highway
There is no doubt that automobile plays an inevitable role in the world’s history, especially in the history of America. Both Kline and Pinch and Flink are on the problem of automobile, but they certainly have various focus. In Three stages of American automobile consciousness written by Flink, it divides the auto history into three stages and mainly argues about the history or the development of automobile industry in America, which is written in a big picture. On the other hand, Kine and Pinch tend to discuss the connection between rural area and automobile, also how gender get involved in the social construction after cars are brought to the America.
In the twentieth century, the introduction of the motor vehicle in the United States became not only noteworthy, but also vital in the development of modern American civilization. This technologically complex machine led citizens to vast future dependence on the invention. While mobility was suddenly not limited to alternative, more convoluted options such as railroad stations or bicycles, yet copiously amplified to aid convenience and expanded leisure opportunities. From auto-racing to redesigning infrastructure, motor vehicles allowed progression, digression, and essentially uttermost change to the lifestyles of the American people. This radical idea of the automobile permeated throughout America with most, if not all, credit renowned to Henry Ford.
"The Automobile." American Decades. Ed. Judith S. Baughman, et al. Vol. 2: 1910-1919. Detroit: Gale, 2001. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 5 Mar. 2014.
An R.L. Polk survey of 2003 model year cars showed that hybrid car registrations in the United States rose to 43,435 cars, a 25.8 % increase from 2002 numbers. California, the nation's most populous state at one-eighth of the total population, had the most hybrid cars registered: 11,425. The proportionally high number may be partially due to the state's higher gasoline prices and stricter emissions rules, which hybrids generally have little trouble passing.
Romm, Joseph J., and Andrew A. Frank. "Hybrid Vehicles Gain Traction." Scientific American 294.4 (2006): 72-79. Academic Search Premier. Web. 26 Nov. 2011.
The world of technology is ever changing and advancing. With the automotive industry in play technology is constantly surpassing what is available today with what can be done for tomorrow. Technology and the automotive industry go hand in hand with constant improvement to components of cars. Due to technology advancement there is competition within the car industry, especially between American car companies and European car companies. European car companies provide their buyers with innovative variety and revolutionary luxuries. European car technology is superior to American car technology due to their safety, entertainment, and luxury features.
The beginning of hybrid cars goes back to the 20th century. The Paris Exposition of 1900 included the Lohner-Porsche Elektromobil which is the first ever hybrid car. The inventor of the Lohner-Porsche Elektromobil was a 23 year old engineer named Ferdinand Porsche. Porsche is known today for his Volkswagen cars and for the famous sport cars designed by his son. He created a vehicle that could travel 38 miles on electricity alone. Porsche partnered with Jacob Lohner who wanted to develop motorcars that had incorporated coaches. The gas-powered cars at that time were very noisy and difficult to start. Porsche created battery-powered electric motors and put them in the front-wheel hubs to produce a front-wheel drive car. He also added an internal combustion gasoline engine so the batteries in the car could be charged. Sadly, the Lohner-Porsche could only reach up to 35 miles an hour. The idea of hybrid cars decreased during the years of growth in the modern automobile industry. This period brought a national highway system in the United States and gasoline was inexpensive. The concerns with auto emissions brought back the idea of hybrid cars. C. Russell Feldman, one of the founders of Motorola, decided to explore the possibilities of hybrid cars again. He contacted an electrical engineer named Victor Wouk to see if a hybrid car could work in society. Wouk found out that the batteries in the hybrid cars did not have the energy to produce a lot of speed and range. In the 1960’s, Wouk combined the low-emissions benefit of an electric car with the power and range of a gasoline engine to create a hybrid car. To make his hybrid car ideas real, Victor Wouk and his partner Charles Rosen formed the company called the Petro-E...
(Gilpin, 2014) According to Tesla, the efficiency of electric cars is three times that of the traditional gas engine as most energy is lost through the heating process.(Gilpin, 2014) There are two types of electric vehicles in production today, BEV’s and PHEV’s. BEV’s or Battery electric vehicles run solely on energy stored in a battery that is recharged at stations. These cars have an operating range of 60+ miles and take about 6-8 hours to recharge at a station.(Gilpin, 2014) Those who need to travel more than 60 miles in a day could face problems with this. Those that may need to travel much farther in a day would be wise to choose the PHEV’s or the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. These vehicles run on both electricity and gasoline. They can run on electricity alone for up to 40 miles until it makes the switch to gasoline acting like a hybrid. This means that after they switch to their hybrid mode, they will use both electric and gasoline powered until they are charged again.(Gilpin, 2014) While in hybrid mode the PHEV’s can run up to 400+ miles before needing a recharge. (Gilpin, 2014) The relevance of electric cars is spiking. Especially in bigger cities that have air quality issues, the demand for transportation with limited emissions will be a huge
Most American cars are not hybrids or fuel-efficient, they are usually big SUV’s or trucks that get eighteen to ten miles per gallon. Most of Hondas, Toyotas, and Hyundai’s get around 20 to 30 miles per gallon, and hybrids get 50 miles per gallon. Peoples demand fuel-efficient cars because oil is i...
I bet you didn't know that the first cars made were all mostly electric. But as time passed gas powered cars became more popular through the years. There were few if any electric cars available as timed moved on. Everyone believed that gas powered vehicles were more convenient than the electric powered ones. I believe that gas powered vehicles are better because gas powered cars have more function ability. The range that electric vehicles have is poor compared to gas vehicles. Electric vehicles don't function very well when the weather is cold. You'll need to charge your car pretty much every night. You are only going to be able to go 80 mph. If you go up a big hill your range goes down. electric vehicles (rather ev's) do pollute but they don't pollute the same way that gas cars pollute.
Hybrid cars use both gas and electric. The gasoline engine is the primary source of power, while the electric motor is used at low speeds. Emissions levels are reduced because the gasoline engine shuts off at low speeds. An additional benefit of the parallel configuration is that no outside source of electric power is required because the engine itself generates the required electricity. A Hybrid Electric Vehicle known as HEV have several advantages over traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles: Regenerative braking capability, which helps minimize the energy lost when driving. Engine is sized to average load, not peak load, which reduces the weight of the engine. Fuel efficiency is greatly increased, while emissions are greatly decreased. HEVs can be operated using alternative fuels; therefore they need not be depended on fossil fuels (http://www.ott.doe.gov/hev/what.html#hev). Another great thing about these machines is the mpg; on the average, a hybrid car gets anywhere from 55-70mpg on the hwy. This is what makes the car all worth having. Now all this sounds good, but there are some issues that must be addressed.
Today, people use their own personal vehicles to travel more than ever before. Personal transportation is no longer considered a luxury; it is now considered a necessity. The number of cars in the United States has been growing steadily since the 1970s. The number of miles traveled by cars has risen nearly 150 percent, yet the United States population has only grown roughly 40 percent during that time (hybridcars.com, Driving Trends). Although it may seem like we are advancing into the future, in reality, we are moving backwards from the effects these vehicles have on our bodies and the environment. The pollution produced by these vehicles has brought us to the day where we must find other modes of transportation that cause less harm to the world in which we live. Advances in technology have developed hybrid vehicles to try and slow down the amount of pollution. Driving a hybrid vehicle, instead of a conventional gas powered vehicle, can reduce the amount of pollution that affects our lives and the environment around us.
3. Encyclopedia Brittanica Inc. "Automobile" The New Encyclopedia Brittanica: Macropedia 15th Edition 1990 (volume 1)
Vehicles in this day and time are nothing like what they used to be. Over half of the car manufacturers are now trying to build new cars and trucks to be as fuel efficient as they can be. Although hybrids conserve more gas than standard vehicles do, they use gas, also. Hybrids do not use as much gas as the ol...
Web. "The Future of the Automobile in the Urban Environment. " Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 45.7 (1992): 7-22. Web.