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Humanistic theory psychology essay
Compare and contrast humanistic approach and psychodynamic approach
Humanistic psychology essay
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Humanistic Psychology (humanism) is based on the belief that people are good by nature. This type of psychology holds that morality, ethical values and good intentions are the driving forces of behavior, while adverse social or psychological experiences can be attributed to deviations from natural tendencies, this is why I believe is the most interesting perspective above the rest.
Humanism incorporates a variety of therapeutic techniques that focus on each individual's potential and emphasize personal self-realization.
What I like the most about the Humanistic Perspective is that the true understanding of human behavior can not be achieved through the study of animals, also there is free will, and individuals must take personal responsibility
The book, Humanism: A Very Short Introduction, most definitely gives a clear and precise understanding of what exactly Humanism is and consists of. There are several different meanings behind the term and it means more than a person’s opinion on whether or not God truly exists. Humanists are very open-minded and believe that science and reasoning are tools that should be used to evaluate the human lifestyle. The history of humanism dates back to Ancient Greece and the days of Confucius who believed in the Golden Rule which is well known as being, “Do not unto another that you would not have him do unto you” (Law, 9). It appears ironic that both religious groups and humanists embrace such rule. In the beginning of the book, the author gives seven characteristics to help the reader better understand what humanism actually is.
Therapy is as unique and diverse as the people who seek it. There are many types of therapy that are used to treat different kinds of problems. There is no perfect or absolute form of therapy, because therapy varies for each person. One of the branches of therapy is humanistic therapy. This therapy is considered an insight therapy, along with psychoanalytic therapies. However, there are differences between humanistic and psychoanalytic therapy. Humanistic therapy focuses on self-development, personal growth and responsibilities. This type of therapy guides the client to find their own answers. The therapy focuses on emotional awareness: how the person feels versus why that person feels that way (Oltmanns & Emery, 2012).
In this section of the assignment I have chosen to compare a trait theory and a humanistic.
From a social-cognitive perspective your environment can change your personality, however, humanistic approach implies and event happens in your life and you apply your free will which defines your personality. The social-cognitive approach emphasizes the importance of cognitive processes, situational influences, observational learning, and self-efficacy while, the humanistic approach emphasizes free will, personal awareness, and psychological growth. The social-cognitive theory explains behavior is guided by cognitions of the world, in contrast, the humanistic approach stresses the importance of free will in explaining behavior. The social-cognitive theory incorporates mostly objective and some subjective information, while, the humanistic approach is more concerned with the subjective experiences of the individual. The social-cognitive perspective does not regard humans a unique. The humanistic approach places a high value on humans and does not believe they are comparable to rats in an experiment. Social-Cognitive approach takes into account biological factors related to cognition. The humanistic approach rejects biological determinism. The social-cognitive theory is grounded in empirical, laboratory research, in contrast, the humanistic viewpoint has no empirical research but assumptions or clinical observations. The main perspective differences between social-cognitive and humanistic perspectives are social cognitive theory believes the interaction between the environment, cognition, and behavior influence personality; and the humanistic theory believes people have free will, individual work and potential to reach
The psychoanalytic approach, proposed by Sigmund Freud, is based on the idea that childhood experiences significantly influence the development of later personality traits and psychological problems. In addition, psychoanalysis emphasizes the influence of unconscious fears, desires and motivations on thoughts and behaviors. The humanistic approach, presented by Abraham Maslow, emphasizes self actualization and free-will. It is based on the belief that each person has freedom in directing his or her future.
There are many definitions to humanism with subtle differences in each of them but similar altogether. In general humanism is a life approach based on reason and common humanity, using moral values based on human nature and experience alone. It is non theistic and dismisses supernatural views of reality.(1) Professionalism is the competence or skill expected of a professional, according to the Merriam Webster Dictionary.(2) Cultural competence is an understanding and ability in responding appropriately to the various culutral combinations that the professional can bring to their client/patient/family during interactions.(3)
Features of the Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Perspectives Outline the key features of the psychoanalytic and humanistic perspectives, and briefly compare and contrast their views on conscious experience, a person as an integrated whole, and the role of therapists in arriving at changes. Answer In explaining and predicting animal behaviour, different schools of psychology are of different perspectives; e.g. cognitive approach focuses on the mental processes, behaviourism is based on external stimuli and reinforcement, biological approach is concerned with the relationship between the mind and body and the influence of heredity. However, they are only cope with a specific part of people, but neglect human as a whole.
The humanistic perspective on personality deals exclusively with human behavior. Humanistic psychologists believe that human nature includes a natural drive towards personal growth, that humans have the freedom to choose what they do regardless of environmental factors, and humans are mostly conscious beings and are not controlled by unconscious needs and conflicts. They also believe that a person's subjective view of the world is more important than objective reality. Two of the humanistic theorists that have made an impact of humanism are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Humanistic approach focuses on human existence, where people have unique qualities that include creativity, freewill or freedom, potential and personal growth. People like Carl Rogers who have brought about person-centred theory and Abraham Maslow who has developed a hierarchy of needs, where he emphasized on self-actualization. There is an evaluation on both Rogers and Maslow theories, on how they are based on their own assumptions and views, and I apply Maslow’s theory of self-actualization into my own personal life.
This psychology perspective emphasizes individuals ' inherent drive towards self-actualization, the process of realizing and expressing one 's own capabilities and creativity. It helps the client gain the belief that all people are inherently good. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence and pays special attention to such phenomena as creativity, free will, and positive human potential. It encourages viewing ourselves as a "whole person" greater than the sum of our parts and encourages self exploration rather than the study of behavior in other people. Humanistic psychology acknowledges spiritual aspiration as an integral part of the human psyche. It is linked to the emerging field of transpersonal psychology. As per usual, there are advantages and limitations to this particular theory. One of the greatest strengths of humanistic psychology is that it emphasizes individual choice and responsibility. Humanistic psychology satisfies most people 's idea of what being human means because it values personal ideals and self-fulfillment. Finally, humanistic psychology provides researchers with a flexible framework for observing human behavior because it considers a person in the context of his environment and in conjunction with his personal perceptions and feelings. As with any viewpoint, humanistic psychology has its critics. One major criticism of humanistic psychology is that its concepts are too vague. Critics
It looks at human behaviour through the lens of an observer as well as the behaver. Humanism centres on the view that every individual is unique, has the free will and potential to change at any time in life and they are each responsible for their own happiness and well-being. Thus, seeing individuals as naturally striving to be creative and happy rather than being mediocre and conventional. It is also centred around that we are all born with the innate capacity for self-actualisation which is our unique desire to achieve our highest potential. (Weiten,
Humanism, a completely new perspective in life emerged during the Renaissance. Once humanist figures, such as Petrarch, Machiavelli, and Erasmus, spread their knowledge about it, people started to adopt the thought of humanism, secularism, and individualism. They realized how important and valuable humans are in this world. Once humanism became more popular, it was
Personality is a person's characteristic pattern of behaving, thinking, and feeling. The development of reliable and valid measures of personality has been a boon to psychologists' attempts to define and explain individual differences in this important domain. Comprehensive theories of personality have been useful to these attempts as well. Psychoanalytic theories emphasizes unconscious forces, while humanistic approaches focus on individuals' attempts to better themselves and find acceptance. Each of these perspectives has been used to explain how and why variations in mental health develop.
Though, no matter what aspect of humanism they are studying, humanist always seek out the goodness and possible worth in human beings. Studying the humanities is crucial in the constantly evolving world we live in today. With philosophy being one
Humanism is known to be any belief by man or philosophy that centralizes on the realm of humans. There are many different types of Humanism: Literary, Renaissance, Cultural, Philosophical, Christian, Modern, Secular, and Religious. I will be focusing on Humanism that prevailed before the Renaissance. Humanism has been said to be the defining movement that lead into the Renaissance. The views of Humanism prior to the Renaissance were those that looked at the world as man being the sole center of the Universe. The beliefs that were based from Humanism were that the scientific, literary and philosophical works that began in ancient Greece and Rome were to be the guides for man. Not the Bible. The Humanists also put great emphasis on education and focused on grammar, history, math, astronomy, poetry, and music. There literary focus extended beyond religion into other elements of knowledge and learning. The view that man can do anything and will was popular along with the following of the ancient Greek’s views. The Humanist centered their beliefs around a scientific method that was used to establish fact base to human behavior. Humanism does not believe that any single religion can prove access to the peace...