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The development of slavery in Colonial America
Sex trafficking in the united states paper
The development of slavery in Colonial America
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When one thinks of slavery in America, Often times we assume slavery in America ended in 1865 when The Civil War ended and The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery throughout the United States (“ History of slavery in America”, 2013). Truth be told, modern day slavery still very much exists in America; we now call it “Human trafficking”. Human trafficking is considered one of the fastest growing criminal industries today, while there is not an exact number of how many people are being trafficked in the United States, the Polaris project for a world without slaves writes,
The U.S. government and academic researchers are currently working on an up-to-date estimate of the total number of trafficked persons in the United States annually. With 100,000 children estimated to be in the sex trade in the United States each year, it is clear that the total number of human trafficking victims in the U.S. reaches into the hundreds of thousands when estimates of both adults and minors [of] sex trafficking are aggregated ("Slavery map: North," 2013).
In the scholarly article, “Pimps Down: A Prosecutorial Perspective on Domestic Sex Trafficking”, the authors Stephen Parker and Jonathan Skrmetti focus their article on domestic sex trafficking and the distinct means and methods employed by domestic sex traffickers to exploit their victims. Both authors, Stephen Parker and Jonathan Skrmetti are Assistant United States Attorneys. Through their observations of cases they prosecuted on sex trafficking authors Stephen Parker and Jonathan Skrmetti (2013), “observed three broad categories of techniques used by domestic sex traffickers to exploit their victims”(p. 1018). The three categories are kidnapping, fraud and grooming. Kidnapping, althoug...
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...2013). Pimps Down: A Prosecutorial Perspective on Domestic Sex Trafficking. University Of Memphis Law Review, 43(4), 1013-1045.
Slavery map: North America. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.freetheslaves.net/sslpage.aspx?pid=375
History of slavery in America. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.infoplease.com/timelines/slavery.html
Works Cited
Refrences
Trymaine, L. (2013, November 13). Staggering report exposes us sex trafficking. Retrieved from http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/sex-trafficking-america-0
PARKER, S. C., & SKRMETTI, J. T. (2013). Pimps Down: A Prosecutorial Perspective on Domestic Sex Trafficking. University Of Memphis Law Review, 43(4), 1013-1045.
Slavery map: North America. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.freetheslaves.net/sslpage.aspx?pid=375
History of slavery in America. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.infoplease.com/timelines/slavery.html
Frances, S. (2012). Sex work and the law: A critical analysis of four policy approaches to adult prostitution . Thinking about justice: a book of readings (pp. 190-220). Halifax, N.S.: Fernwood Pub..
Trafficking Victims Protection Act clearly defines the terms, communities have struggled in how to address those victims in relation to immunity. According to Dysart (2014), those with the perspective that children who are prostituted are delinquent will inadvertently re-victimize, which is not congruent with federal and state laws that have been put into place to offer protections. This mindset proves to be a barrier to the rehabilitation and progression of child victims. Due to the negative thought processes, the Attorney General has sought distribution to personnel best methods and practices in addressing victims of minor sex trafficking that is directly connected to grants for assistance in strengthening progressive programs (Dysart, 2014).
As victim count continues to rise, its difficult to see how such great numbers of men, women and children are bought and sold every year. Trafficking can be found in many forms, including: prostitution, slavery, or forced labor (Harf and Lombardi, 2014). It wasn’t until the 1980’s that international human trafficking became globally noticed. With the lack of government intervention and control in several nations, and the free trade market, slavery once again became a profitable industry (Harf and Lombardi, 2014). As previously mentioned, easier movement across nations borders is one of the outcomes of globalization. It is also what makes human trafficking so easy today. It is estimated that about 20.9 million people are victims across the entire globe (United Nations Publications, 2012); trafficking accounts for 32 billion dollars in generated profit globally (Brewer, n.d). 58 percent of all human trafficking was for the purpose of sexual exploitation, and of this 55-60 percent are women (United Nations Publications,
This journal article examines the issue of minor sex trafficking in the U.S and provides the reader with the results of the research that was conducted on the matter at hand. A data analysis consisting of 115 minor sex trafficking was thoroughly examined and studied. The information surrounding these cases was collected using two specific methods. One method included the reviewing of press releases of human trafficking cases issued by the Department of Justice. The second method was to obtain information via online searches of media reports.
An estimated 20.9 million people are currently being trafficked worldwide (The Polaris Project, 2014). According to the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA, reauthorized in 2013), sex trafficking is defined as, “A commercial sex act induced by force, fraud, or coercion, and/or in which the person induced to...
In the article “Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking in the United States,” Kimberly Kotrla discussed the disheartening facts of what’s going on in the United States under our noses. Today more and more people are finding out about this sad industry. In Alaska my brother goes out in the streets to help save these girls in sex trafficking. Knowing my brother is doing something to end this made me feel proud while reading this informative essay.
Society often overlook crimes that are not as trending, meaning, if a certain crime was not featured often on TV even with high severity, then it would not be viewed as a major issue. One prime example is child sex prostitution. There are not a lot research concerning this particular type of crime, in addition to a small amount of ample evidence supporting the level of severity, and coming up with prevention policy (Reid, 2012). Despite minimal amount of research investment, there is a growing pattern for this type of service, both around the world and United States (Fong & Cardoso, 2010). Although, most sex trafficking cases are often more associated with adults, it is actually the youth and/or child populations that are increasing in the
In 1865 the United States passed the thirteenth amendment of the constitution which formally abolished the practice of slavery in the United States. Over a century has gone by since this day, and yet somewhere behind the mask of freedom that our country holds with such pride lingers a hidden trade. This is the trade of modern-day slavery that remains prevalent in our country. Despite the freedoms we are granted as a citizen of the United States, human trafficking is an enormous issue that is often overlooked. In fact, very little light is shown on this topic, but the awful reality is there.
Our current legal system struggles to understand the difference between sexual trafficking and prostitution, especially with the common occurrence of drugs being involved. What is left untold to many is, what is the relationship amongst sexual trafficking, prostitution, and drug use? It is proposed that in cities such as Miami, New York City, and Los Angeles there is a relationship between prostitution, sex trafficking, and drug use. Keywords: Prostitution, Sexual Trafficking, Drugs, Victims. Sex Trafficking, Prostitution, and Drug Use Introduction
Domestic sex trafficking is the vile new innovative business model used in the sex industry to promote prostitution. The myth about sex trafficking is that it is a foreign not a domestic problem. Sex trafficking is a very lucrative business. The “John’s” create a demand and the “pimps” provide the supply. Child abuse, child neglect, pornography, pedophilia and prostitution are all links in the chains that enslaves America’s children for the pleasure of adults.
... how a movement indulges the ideology in U.S. government policy and practice. A strong, new moral movement against sex trafficking and prostitution has arisen in the past few years. This movement has gained major victories in getting its philosophy within government policy, legislation, and international resolutions, resulting in a global permanent elimination on the sex industry in both the United States and abroad. This paper examines the social construction of the sex trafficking problem by identifying dominant themes in this movement’s main thesis and the increasing awareness and institutionalization of regular and similar claims of people that have the same view on the topic. The analysis is based on a broad content revision of publications, websites, and testimony of leading organizations and activists, as well as legislation and official government reports.
Many people are astounded to hear that human trafficking is not just a complication outside of America’s borders and that it is flattering more of an American drawback as intervals go on. Human trafficking has converted into creation's second leading criminal industry, transforming the individual, their dignity and rights as a human being, and humankind. The United States of America is mainly a transfer for trafficking in persons. It is assessed in The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, “that 14,500 to 17,500 people, primarily women and children, are trafficked to the U.S. annually.” This act augments pre-existing illegal disadvantages, offers new defenses and makes accessible certain welfares and aids to victims of trafficking. The Department’s Annual Country Reports on Human Rights Practices estimated that from at least 127 countries have found to be harnessed in 137 states. In the United States, for instance, more than 15,000 individuals are enforced into the present day counterpart of slavery every year. An estimated one hundred thousand to three hundred thousand Americans are forced into this each year, as predicted by the national police department. But the collision of human trafficking goes beyond individual victims; it undermines the safety and security of all nations it touches. The U.S. has aided states to enact anti-trafficking regulation, educated law enforcement officials, DAs, border guards and judicial officers, and impeaching traffickers, and protecting targets.
Sex trafficking is essentially systemic rape for profit. Force, fraud and coercion are used to control the victim’s behavior which may secure the appearance of consent to please the buyer (or john). Behind every transaction is violence or the threat of violence (Axtell par. 4). Just a decade ago, only a third of the countries studied by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime had legislation against human trafficking. (Darker Side, par.1) Women, children, and even men are taken from their homes, and off of the streets and are brought into a life that is almost impossible to get out of. This life is not one of choice, it is in most times by force. UNODC estimates that the total international human trafficking is a $32-billion-per-year business, and that 79% of this activity comprises sexual exploitation. As many as 2 million children a year are victims of commercial sexual exploitation, according the the U.S. State Department.-- Cynthia G. Wagner. (Darker Side, par. 4) The words prostitute, pimp, escort, and stripper tend to be way too common in the American everyday vocabulary. People use these words in a joking manner, but sex trafficking is far from a joke. Everyday, from all different countries, people are bought and sold either by force or false promises. Some are kidnapped and others come to America with dreams of a dream life and job. The buyers involved in the trade will do anything to purchase an innocent life just to sell for their own selfish profit. Many people wouldn’t think of a human body to be something you can buy in the back room of a business or even online. But those plus the streets are where people are sold most often. There are many reasons and causes for sex trafficking. The factors behind sex traffic...
The word “slavery” brings back horrific memories of human beings. Bought and sold as property, and dehumanized with the risk and implementation of violence, at times nearly inhumane. The majority of people in the United States assumes and assures that slavery was eliminated during the nineteenth century with the Emancipation Proclamation. Unfortunately, this is far from the truth; rather, slavery and the global slave trade continue to thrive till this day. In fact, it is likely that more individuals are becoming victims of human trafficking across borders against their will compared to the vast number of slaves that we know in earlier times. Slavery is no longer about legal ownership asserted, but instead legal ownership avoided, the thought provoking idea that with old slavery, slaves were maintained, compared to modern day slavery in which slaves are nearly disposable, under the same institutionalized systems in which violence and economic control over the disadvantaged is the common way of life. Modern day slavery is insidious to the public but still detrimental if not more than old American slavery.
One reason why human trafficking is a serious crime that many people are unaware of is because it secretly takes place in the United States. Between 2007 and 2012, there were reports of 9,298 different cases of human trafficking (Polaris Project). An example of how unknown this topic is is that 41% of sex trafficking cases and 20% of labor trafficking cases were proven to have United States citizens as victims (Polaris Project). And this is only what we know so far. There are thousands of cases that we don’t know about. Many people also don’t know that men, women, and even children are also taken hostage by human traffickers. An example of this would be that out of those 9,298 cases that were reported, women were victims of sex trafficking in 85% of those cases. Men were victims of labor trafficking in 40% of those cases (Polaris Project). Approximately 300,000 children are at risk of being prostituted in the United States (U.S. Department of Justice). Children are even more under the radar than we know about. On average, one in three teenagers on the street will be lured toward prostitution within 48 hours of leaving their home (National Runaway Hotline). For example, two female friends who were minors ran away from home and were prom...