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Sci oly fossils
Woolly mammoth research paper
Woolly mammoth research paper
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The documentary, “Raising the Mammoth”, discusses the journey that a group of scientists take in order to find and raise an extinct woolly mammoth from the tundra. This video relates to what we learned in class about fossils and discovery for many reasons. One way that this video relates to our studies in class is because the scientists discussed all of the different ways that the fossil of the mammoth can aid in discovering new information about it’s life. In the video they discussed how they knew that the Jarkov Mammoth, named after the Dolgan reindeer, was an adult male which lived bout 20, 830 years ago. They could tell this based on the hair of the mammoth, the viruses and bacteria that remained in the carcass which helped them determine its estimated time of death, DNA strands, the content of the stomach which allow the scientists to study the mammoth’s diet, and the ridges in the teeth. Using this information the scientists also discovered that the mammoth’s origins trace back to Asia where the mammoth crossed the Bering Strait and thrived in North America. Based on the positioning of the mammoth’s petrified fossil in the large block, the scientists also determined that the Jarkov Mammoth died after drowning in a pond which eventually froze creating permafrost .
Paabo’s team discovered an mtDNA sequence from a finger bone they found from around 40,000 years ago, as carbon dating is one of the most commonly used methods of determining a fossil’s age. (Hammer, 70). Also, Neanderthal mtDNA is differs severely from modern human mtDNA. For example, Microcephalin is a gene for brain size during the development of the organism.
In a search to find our ancestors, several anthropologists have found evidence to support their conclusions. In the films about Don Johanson's discovery of Lucy in Hadar, one may be very intrigued by the first film but very disturbed by the second film.
The Smilodon, the most recent type of saber tooth cats, went extinct about 10,000 years ago, around the time when Pangea began separating and breaking up. Sabertooth Cats did not go extinct due to lack of prey. However, around 12,000 years ago (end of the late Pleistocene) sabertooth cats, american lions, wooly mammoths and other gigantic creatures considered the “megafauna” went extinct. A die-off called the Quaternary extinction. A popular theory for the extinction is that the changing in climate during the end of the last ice age, human activity, or a combination of both killed off most large
For instance, the whale, the biggest mammal that lives in the water, was found to have had legs and used to dwell on land millions of years ago. While in Pakistan, Phil Gingrich, a geologist and paleontologist, came across a fossil that resembled that of a wolf but had a “bump” on the back of the skull which was found to part of an inner ear,
In July of 2001, a group of archeologists discovered the skull and jaw bone of the oldest member of the human family. The skull is a new discovery and was found in the Djurab Desert of Northern Chad by a group of archeologists lead by Michel Brunet, and is thought to be six to seven million years old (Walton). The age of the skull and jaw bone were approximated through the association of the fauna that were found with the fossils (Brunet). The skull is a major find for archeologists because they now have a new piece of the puzzle that shows the evolution of humans from apes and it provides information to a period that scientists had very little knowledge about because of the lack of evidence (Whitfield).
Fossil records from 12,000 years ago show the appearance of the Large Mammals followed by Paleoindian in Eastern North America. Another piece of the fossil record shows that the appearance of Paleoindian brought about the disappearance of the large mammals. Some people feel that, "there is evidence to suggest that rapacious hunting practice of the paleohunters in North and South America 12,000 years ago may have caused…The demise of the very animals they hunted" (Powell 1987). The evidence Powell suggests is that the extinction of a large mammal is usually followed by the appearance of humans in the fossil record. This coincidence is not only seen in the fossil records of North and South America but Europe and Asia as well. Powell shows that as human populations increased local extinctions of large mammals occurred. This was probably due to the fact that there were not many predators that could hunt the large mammals except man. For this reason it is also highly like likely that man and large mammals did not co-evolve which ultimately resulted in the extinction of large mammals.
The question of what caused the extinction of megafauna during the Late Pleistocene period is one that archaeologists have struggled to answer for decades, but why should it matter? Discovering with certainty the cause of megafaunal extinction would simultaneously prove or disprove any of the proposed implications of each existing theory regarding this massive extinction.
Humanity has relied heavily on animals for millennia, for everything from food to transport, companionship and entertainment, and as such animal welfare is a topic that is hugely important to us as a society. My passion for the preservation of animal health coupled with my love of science has set me up perfectly for a career as a veterinary surgeon.
"The Quaternary Period: Ice, Megafauna and Hominids." Fossils Facts and Finds.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. .
In 2000, Dr. Philip D. Gingerich, a paleontologist from the University of Michigan, and his associates discovered two primitive whale fossils in the Balochistan Province of Pakistan. By dating the limestone located in the Habib Rahi Formation of the Balochistan Province, Gingerich estimated these fossils to be about 47 million years old. According to author David Braun of National Geographic News, “The researchers have classified one, Rodhocetus balochistanensis, as a new species of an existing genus, and the other, Artiocetus clavis, as a new species and new genus” (Braun, 5). The discovery of these two fossils suggests that the closest living relative of these primitive whales could possibly be the modern day hippopotamus. This suggested relationship is based on similarities in the bone structure between the two animals.
necessary. Due to the thick pelt that the Woolly Mammoth has, any known Ice Age
First, the sea cows may have been overhunted by groups of native Siberian people. The professor opposes this point by saying that sea cows are massive creatures, about nine meters long and ten tons in weight. Therefore, the proferssor states that hunting a few sea cows were enough for a few months, especially that the Siberian population was not large. So, the professor points out that the Siberian people did not need to hunt a lot of sea cows and that cannot cause the sea cows' extinction.
Elephants should not be killed because they are one of the main reasons that people visit the foreign land of Africa. Africa is incredibly hot and is not the most intriguing place to go on your vacation. If there were no elephants the amount of tourists would significantly decrease. Twenty eight percent of all tourist come to see the elephants. In the movie “Ivory Wars” the narrator says “ One of the few attractions for tourists is the African elephants that run wild and free across the vast plains of the continent of Africa.” When the amount of tourists decrease so does the money that they pay to see the elephants at a safari. Africa is obviously does not have the strongest economy to begin with and without the elephants to bring in tourists the continent of Africa will fall apart. Elephants are exotic and amazing to see, and without them would there really be a reason to visit Africa?
In The Donkey by Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm, we learn that despite our beliefs it is indeed a difficult task to find acceptance as a donkey in a community of normal looking people. The Donkey gives us a strong indication of how stubborn people at this time were when looking at change. In this story three main things we see are the main idea of how the community deals with accepting the donkey based on appearance, the moral of the story which would be to not judge a book by its cover, and lastly how we can easily make a connection or comparison between this story and the countless number of situations we encounter in our daily lives.
Donkeys are large, strong animals and it is normal for inexperienced handlers to lack confidence or even be fearful. A donkey’s behavior will be influenced by the ability, experience and confidence of its handler. A nervous handler will increase the nervousness of the donkey. When a donkey is labeled as "difficult, naughty or bad", the behavior of the handler changes in accordance with the label and the animal's behavior will reflect how it has been labeled. Anyone intending to handle a donkey should gain as much knowledge and experience as possible, prior to commencing any behavior training. Donkeys easily learn things that are closest to their natural behaviors. How donkeys are trained and handled will determine their behavior. An experienced trainer who communicates well with the donkey will help a donkey to overcome problems and learn more