Because the malaria parasite exists in human red blood cells which form part of blood, it is possible for malaria to be passed on from one person to the next via organ transplant, shared use of sharp objects that come in contact with blood such as knives, needles and syringes; it can also be passed on through blood transfusion. An infected mother can also card malaria on to her unborn baby during the process of birth (delivery).Malaria passed on in this matter is called congenital malaria.
Because malaria can only be passed on through blood, a person cannot “latch" malaria from others just by being near an infected person. You can kiss and hug a malaria infected person with no risk of infection, even if they are to cough or sneeze.("Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute | About Malaria", p. 1-2)
According to the World Health Organization; there are about up to 20 different known locally important species of anopheles around the world. All of the vector species feed at night. But although all Anopheles mosquitoes need a body of stagnant water to breed, each species has its particular breeding preference; for example some prefer small and shallow collections of fresh water, such as rice fields, or the Oshana’s in Southern Africa. We find that the transmission rate is more concentrated in areas where the parasite has a chance at surviving longer (The parasite needs a long life span so the parasite has sufficient time to replicate and mature and to complete its growth inside the mosquito).Infection concentration is also found to be more in areas where the vector favors feeding on humans as opposed to other animals. For example, most published research suggests that the resilient human-biting habit and long lifespan of the Africa...
... middle of paper ...
...d red blood cells blocking blood flow in a blood vessel. The inset image shows a cross-section of a sickle cell with abnormal (sickle) hemoglobin forming abnormal threads. (Tidy, Newson, & Gronow, 2012, p. 1-9)
Sickle cell anemia is a type of anemia.
When a person suffers from anemia, they have than normal number of red blood cells. However anemia can also occur if your red blood cells do have an insufficient amount of hemoglobin.
Red blood cells are produced in the spongy marrow found inside the larger bones of the body. The bone marrow is constantly making new red blood cells to replace the destroyed ones. Normal red blood cells have a life span of 122 days. Apart from carrying and transporting oxygen, Red blood cells also serve the purpose of removing waste products from the body e.g. Red blood cells remove carbon dioxide. (Tidy, Newson, & Gronow, 2012, p. 1-9)
been previously touched by an infected person, will transmit the disease to the healthy person who
Anemia happens when blood lacks enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the main part of the red blood cells, and it’s what helps bind the the oxygen to the blood. If your blood cells or hemoglobin isn’t normal, then your body cells will not get enough oxygen like they should. They’re are also multiple types of Anemia, such as Sickle cell Anemia. Sickle cell is one that only affects african Americans. Iron deficiency is another name for Anemia.
...ts duty of delivering oxygen to the tissues and returning the carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. The red blood cell does this by circulating through the body’s network of veins, capillary networks and arteries. The erythrocyte membrane functions to allow the cell to squeeze, deform and reform through these networks while maintaining pressure and concentration differences and contributes to the overall metabolic homeostasis of the body. The red blood cell unique composition contributes to all of the membranes major functions, which again allows the red blood cell to survive and perform its duty.
There are over four hundred and thirty Anopheles species and only 30 to 40 of these transmit malaria (CDC, 2016). Malaria is spread by the different Anopheles species depending on the area and the environment.
Malaria is a disease that is in the blood; it comes from the plasmodium parasite. Malaria is carried from a mosquito to person then it spreads from person to person. (Kar,N) There are over a hundred species with malaria parasite that are highly populated in Africa these parasites are called Plasmodium falciparum. (Kar,N) when a parasite gets into a humans system it finds its way in the liver where it creates approximately ten thousand more. (Kar,N) Female mosquitos transmit malaria. (Kar,N) Two weeks in the body parasite move into the blood stream where it starts messing up the red blood cells. (Kar,N) It usually takes 10 days to four weeks after
The female Anopheles interacts with the human host by piercing the host’s epithelium and releasing Plasmodium falciparum from its salivary glands into the human bloodstream while obtaining a blood meal. The form of P. falciparum injected into the human host is the sporozoite stage in the pathogen's life cycle (Kuby, Schaechter). As humans compromise the only competent reservoir for P. falciparum, the female Anopheles must have acquired the protozoan via blood meal from another infected human 9 to 17 days prior to being able to infect a new human host.
Malaria is a communicable disease that is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito from one person to another. We had expected most malaria cases to be highly found in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia due to the amount of dirty water in those areas. As seen in Worldmapper, in 2003 92% people were infected with malaria and 94% people died due to malaria in Africa. The rest 6% cases were mostly found in Asia. From this we can say that our prediction was true that most malaria cases are in Africa and Asia.
According to the article What is Malaria, Malaria is a disease of the blood caused by the plasmpdium parasite (2017). Malaria is transmitted by a bite from a female mosquito leading the parasite to enter the body as stated by WHO (November, 2017). The parasite travels to the liver where it begins to multiply eventually making its was into the blood stream. Once the parasite enters the blood stream, it blocks the capillaries the lead to the brain (What is Malaria, 2017).
Malaria is a scary disease that is spread by mosquitoes. Although it no longer carries a threat in the United States, it's still quite the monster. Here are some facts about the disease that people should know.
Malaria: a deadly disease if left untreated that is carried by mosquitos and transmitted to humans, causing them to have a fever and chills. This parasitic disease is the cause of over 780,000 deaths and 225 million acute illnesses in 2010. 80% of these deaths are children under the age of five, and most of these deaths were in sub-Saharan Africa. Other than Africa, this disease is very prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries.
Malaria is a dreadful disease with no known cure. According to Mayo Clinic, ¨Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes¨. Malaria is highly contagious especially in areas where the virus can live; (warm tropical climates). Malaria is mostly in poor tropical climates, which makes Africa extremely vulnerable, causing Africans to be at high risk of death and loss of money.
Red Blood Cells contain hemoglobin molecules to help bind to oxygen to bring to other tissues. Without this function, cells would not be able to go through the process of cellular respiration and can only survive a short time. Red Blood Cells are also able to carry bicarbonate as a waste product and carry a variety of hormones to communicate between organs.
DENV is one of the world’s most geographically prevalent arthropod-borne viruses. Its geographical distribution is intrinsically attached to the range and habitat of its principal vector mosquitoes (Figure 1.5). Dengue infections are reported in more than hundreds of tropical and sub-tropical countries worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas where the vectors for dengue virus are commonly found. Dengue is hyper-endemic in many of these urban cores with co-circulation of multiple dengue virus serotypes. In non-tropical regions, dengue is usually spread by the international travellers that have visited dengue-endemic areas (Malavige GN et al.,2004).
This vector behavior leads to mosquitoes’ transmission of harmful diseases including malaria (N. Becker et al., 2010), a severe disease that kills millions around the globe annually. For species of the Plasmodium genus that cause malaria in humans, certain species of anopheline mosquitoes act as hosts, with Anopheles gambiae being studied in most detail by the Hillyer Lab. The process by which pathogens interact with their mosquito hosts varies, but the path of Plasmodium species is rather complex. As stated by N. Becker, Plasmodium species replicate sexually in mosquitoes but asexually in vertebrate hosts (2010). After entering the mosquito midgut by ingestion in a blood meal from an infected vertebrate, the parasite develops into an ookinete, travels to the midgut epithelium, and then forms many sporozoites. These sporozoites are the form of the parasite that travel throughout the hemocoel and eventually enter the salivary glands where they can be transmitted to another host through a blood meal (N. Becker et al., 2010). This pathway is just one example of how a certain parasite interacts with mosquitoes, and each pathogen can interact with and be dealt with differently by the mosquito
The parasitic organisms of the Plasmodium genus cause the life threatening disease known as Malaria. Malaria is a mosquito transmitted disease that has ravaged human kind for millennia. It is a disease that has once spread to every part of the world and even now is ubiquitous in certain regions. Malaria has managed to shape the natural selection of the human species and continues to affect the progression of many nations. It has hampered the economic and social growth of countries where it is found in such a profound way it has been stated that “Where malaria prospers most, human societies have prospered least”(Sachs, 2002).