There are around 400 diverse shark species and over 15,000 divergent tropical marine fish discovered by man(www.flmnh.ufl.edu). Although, this used to be a man's field, one woman proved to the world that this was her forte. Dr. Eugenie Clark, an American Ichthyologist, explored thousands of feet below the sea to discover and observe numerous shark species, and countless tropical fish. Through her explorations, encounters, and exchanges, Eugenie Clark was able to impact the human knowledge of marine life. Before the 1940s, the human knowledge on marine species was almost nonexistent. Humans had only explored and discovered below_% of the ocean and
Many years later, Eugenie Clark entered the “man's” world of marine biology
Mojetta and Discovery Channel had a lot of strong data on prehistoric sharks. The information that was presented in their text gives people knowledge of prehistoric sharks characteristics, time frame they lived in and the remains of these creatures. These bits of information might raise more questions for people about evolution. There have been many different species of prehistoric sharks discovered throughout the years.
Mamie Phipps Clark was born on April 18, 1917 in Hot Spring, Arkansas. Mrs. Clark was brought up knowing a professional lifestyle. Her father Harold H. Phipps was an African American, who was a physician and was more than able to support his family of four rather easily. Her mother Katy Florence Phipps, was a homemaker who was very involved in her husband's medical practice. Mamie had explained that being an African American in the early 1930’s and living in the South was far from easy, even for the middle class family that she came from. “My father was a well-respected black person, and it was a phenomenon that is not really unusual in the South, that even in the highly segregated situations, you will have a few blacks that are permitted to cross certain lines. For example, to go to certain stores and to be waited on. Not restaurants, but stores with merchandise. My father was one of those people. We had certain access to certain kinds of things, like merchandise stores, drug stores, variety stores, that other people didn’t have, or that other people didn’t take advantage of. You were always aware of which way you couldn’t go and what you could do and what you couldn’t do, so you knew there was a real chasm, really, between the races.” (The “Other Half” 2009).
Sharks have also been subjected to medical research, games and competitions, jewellery, souvenirs and cosmetics. We need to take into consideration that sharks play a vital role in the natural world that we live in. it is imperative that we look after these majestic creatures and ensure they remain protected. We need to be aware of the dangers of sharks, swim in protected areas where there are shark nets, and do not swim after dark in the sea (especially not alone) as the sea is the sharks home. Humans should also be wearing wet suits as protection in the ocean. The sea is where they live, they swim freely and they eat – they do not particularly target humans but rather prey on food that is available to them in their habitat.
20 year- old Madison Stewart, many know her as shark girl, is an underwater filmmaker and a dive master. The young Aussie grew up living on a yacht from just two years old, she has spent nearly every day of her life in the water. When she first started snorkeling, one thing grabbed her eye and that was seeing sharks in the wild, She instantly feel in love with the animal and decided to have a future being around sharks every day of her life. When she was young she didn’t once think that she would have to fight for sharks and their lives. When she returned to the Great Barrier Reef at the age on 14 years old, she had expectation’s such as seeing the same beautiful reefs and the same sharks, but what she saw and discovered changed her life forever.
When the word Shark comes to mind most people think of a monster that feeds on humans and is an enemy of all living beings. Contrary to popular belief less than 10 percent of sharks are known to attack humans unprovoked. Sharks are classified under the class of Chondrichthyes, which is fish that have characteristics of a skeleton made of cartilage, jaws, paired fins, and paired nostrils. The superorders are divided into two groups, which are Batoidea that have rays and their relatives and Selachii, which are sharks. Scientists have found isolated spines, teeth, and scales that appeared 350 to 400 million years ago in the Devonian Period known as "Age of Fishes". Most modern sharks have evolved 100 million years ago when dinosaurs lived on earth. (Matthews, 1989) Sharks have been known to inhabit tropical and temperate seas as well as some cold and polar seas. Migration of sharks is poorly understood due to not all species migrating. And in the species that do migrate the distance may be short or long and is based on availability of the food and environmental cycles. One American biologist Eugenie Clark is the world leader in shark study, she was the first person to learn how sharks behaved in captivity and how well sharks had the ability to understand.
Review: The opportunity and endeavor of exploring the Earth’s oceans can reap great rewards for mankind and unravel many of the mysteries that the Earth has left to discover.
Beginning with the simplest one-celled organism, an extraordinary animal rose in the murky waters entitled to a non-comparable killing-eating machine. This organism has become nature’s most genuine and most successful creature that it has remained unchanged for over 250 million years. Nature finally invented the perfect king of the sea. This animal has given the sea it’s “living” adjective; in turn, it was entitled—the “great white shark.”
In 2015 only 59 shark attacks have occurred around the world compared to the millions of sharks killed by humans every year. Due to these accidental shark attacks people tend to think that sharks, especially Great Whites are evil creatures with malice intentions when attacks do occur; but, on the contrary that is wrong. Sharks are not the only beautiful and unique creatures in the ocean, they also play a vital role in our ecosystem; however, due to human interference they might not be around much longer, through awareness sharks can be protected from endangerment.
Watching a movie where hundreds of swimmers on a beach are in a complete panic because of shark attacks makes a person scared to swim in an ocean, lake, or even a pond. Not only movies, but also documentaries of shark attacks stress how dangerous sharks are. In reality, are sharks really that dangerous or is it how they are portrayed? Stephen R. Palumbi who is a Professor of Biology at Stanford University and also the Director at the Hopkins Marine Station at Stanford wrote an article about other animals living in the ocean that are more dangerous to humans than sharks. In fact, he has written books about creatures in the water such as The Death and Life of Monterey Bay, and The Evolution Explosion. In addition, his son Anthony R. Palumbi is a novelist and a science writer that has written for Atlantic and other publications (Princeton University Press 1). Together they co- authored an article titled “Forget Shark Week: They aren’t the only fish in the sea” that was published the Los Angeles Times.
When Anne Collet was a child she had her first encounter with the sea, as many young children do, by going on vacations with her family. From that point on she knew it was what she would want to do with her life. She went to college at a university in Brest and enrolled into the department of marine biology. This is where she began to study the sea and all its creatures in it. In 1973 Anne had her first Dolphin encounter and from then on became infatuated with the “Giants” of the sea. Her passion was for Dolphins and Whales.
Most people think that sharks are large, fast-swimmers, and savage predators. This is true of some species and groups should be interested of the appealing aspects of biology found within it: all sharks have an excellent sense of smell; some can detect electrical discharges; some sharks give birth to one of the
We know there many talented individuals that is blanked throughout the world past and present. Talent is marked in every race, but some people just don’t get enough credit and many individual are over look for the great work they have done. Most people may not have heard of Ernest Everett, but he was a great scientist in his time. Ernest Everett graduated from Dartmouth College in 1907 and continued to the University of Chicago earning his Ph.D. in zoology in 1916. It was very difficult for him being a colored man and attending college in those times, but his ambition and determination drove him to succeed. Earnest Everett was an extraordinary marine biologist who was very innovative when it came to many important discoveries, which include
scientific circles but sales plummeted with the bombing of Pearl Harbor. 1942 I began working for the Fish and Wildlife Service promoting fish as an alternative to foods in short supply because of the war. By 1948 I moved into an exclusively male domain, earning the grade of biologist, and becoming the editor-in-chief of the Information Division.
The article, An Ocean Mystery in the Trillions by William J. Broadjune is about information regarding a family of fish named bristle mouths. Divers have discovered the existence of this family of fish as early as 1872, living in deep ocean depths during a sea expedition. The author discusses their unique characteristics such as its ability to change its gender, “bristle like teeth”, and a strategy called counter-illumination that they use to protect themselves from predators. All the fish’s features are essential to their survival from both predators and the environment. Furthermore, there is a large amount of evidence supporting the fact that it is the most found vertebrate on the planet with a possible population of thousands of trillions. Many sea expeditions over the years have been able to confirm their large population. However, questions were raised when scientists solved the mystery of the Deep Scattering Layer during the Cold War for military purposes. The layer was composed of a large amount of sea creatures that caused sonars to determine the area as the seabed. When scientists looked further into what type of sea
The Land Shark Index Page. Anti-Vivisection Index. March 1995. The Land Shark.