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The invention of the telescope essay
Galileo galilei primary source and scientific essays
Galileo galilei primary source and scientific essays
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Recommended: The invention of the telescope essay
The Telescope is one of our artifacts. Galileo has had many theories about the world beyond him. In 1608, a Dutch scientist invented the telescope. Galileo heard about this, and by 1609, he created his own telescope, which was far more advanced than the one in 1608. It had a magnification of more than 20 times. This telescope has led to the advanced technology we have now. He created the theory and proved the moon’s phases, and also the planet Venus has phases as well. He discovered Jupiter’s four moons. This has been a huge impact on Astronomers today. From his discovery, we were able to understand more about the solar system and how it works. Galileo also proved the Earth orbits around the Sun, and not the opposite, changing Astronomy forever. …show more content…
The Church is a huge part of Galileo’s life.
As you know, Galileo was in the Renaissance Period, where people believed in their religion greatly. Galileo believed in his religion greatly as well, but when he heard the Bible passages from the Roman Catholic Church, he denied that the Earth was the center of the solar system. Galileo helped us learn that you should achieve or prove what you think is right. The Church warned Galileo many times, but he didn’t give up his work. The Church had delayed Galileo’s work on Physics and Astronomy. The Church was in scientific authority at that time, thus the rules of Astronomy and Physics were set, but for Galileo to prove his understanding, he had to recreate the rules. The Church had banned Galileo of all his work. But as time went, the Church couldn’t deny the science behind Galileo’s work and released the prohibition put on Galileo's
work. Galileo was born in Pisa, Italy. The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a significant artifact in Galileo’s time. As the others, the Tower provided Galileo with many opportunities to continue his work. When Aristotle, a scientist long before Galileo, said that when an object has different mass, the speed will vary upon that. So if a ball was heavy, it would fall faster than a ball that had less weight. Galileo did not think the same thing. Through this Galileo created the Scientific Method, which is widely used today. If Galileo had not been intrigued by this theory, he may have never improved the Scientific Method, and we wouldn’t have been using it now. The Scientific Method has helped to come up with theories and prove them. Galileo also developed the universal law of acceleration and refined his theories on the laws of motion of falling objects, which have been used by many scientists after Galileo and today as well. Galileo wanted his research and theories to be known to his country and city. Unfortunately, his city believed in their religion a lot. Hence, the Church banned his books from the public. But where the Church was not that adamant, such as surrounding cities or countries, Galileo’s work was published and read. This is very significant because many scientists, such as Sir Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein have read Galileo’s work, and took inspiration off of his theories and research. Thus, Galileo has set a foundation for these scientists that have contributed to shaping the world into how it is today, and in the future as well. Galileo’s books included The Operations of the Geometrical and Military Compass, which was about his skills and practical theories on the military compass. His other book that was published was Discourse on Bodies in Water, which contradicted Aristotelian explanation of why objects float on water, saying it was of their flat shape. Galileo said it was because of their weight of the object in relation to the water.
The Bible was one of the most important pieces of text during Galileo’s lifetime. If you went against what the Bible stated then you were considered to be a heretic. The Bible indicated that the earth was in the center of the universe and the sun and the other planets revolve around it. a theory known as the geocentric model. Many scientists argued against this theory by stating that actually the sun was in the center of the universe and the earth and the other planets revolved around the sun, this theory was known as the heliocentric model. Nicolas Copernicus was one of the first out of many scientists who publically shared this theory. Later Giordano Bruno also supported this theory and because of this the Church ordered him to be burned
During the Scientific Revolution, the struggle between faith and reason was exhibited through Galileo and his discoveries. The Catholic Church during the time period of the Scientific Revolution did not approve of any outside scientists who came up with new theories and observations. The Church believed that all information about how the world worked was in the bible and that was the only right source. In an excerpt from “What is Scientific Authority?” written by Galileo in 1615, it states, “Showing a greater fondness for their [Catholic Church’s] own opinions than for truth, they sought to deny & disprove the new things which, if they had cared to look for themselves, their own senses would have demonstrated to them…” Galileo Galilei himself knew that the Church was not willing to approve of new ideas from other scientists, but only from the teachings in the Bible. Later on in the excerpt, Galileo writes, “They [Catholic Church] hurled various charges &…made the grave mistake of sprinkling these with passages taken from places in the Bible which they had failed to understand properl...
It is through science and its use that Galileo claimed one could better find and understand the truths of the Scriptures. If science is used correctly, as a tool to support claims, rather than blindly accepting the claims made by authoritative figures, Galileo claimed one would be able to fulfill the truths mentioned in the bible; to use one’s sense of reason. Religious people can find their solace through science, and scientist can find reason for their science through religion. This is evident in the fact that Galileo was a scientist but also had strongly rooted scriptural beliefs. Through a sense of balance he was able to use his religion to advance his scientific findings, and his science to justify his religion. With the right balance between the two one will be able to live an enlightened and enriched life.
Galileo’s contributions to the science of Physics and Astronomy were many. His conviction was legendary. His willingness to suffer for his beliefs exemplify true courage in the name of truth, and has inspired others to venture intellectual independence from the Church‘s creeds, edicts, and proclamations. Perhaps these contributions led to the call for an investigation into Galileo's conviction, eventually calling for its reversal, in 1979 by Pope John Paul II. But regardless of his standing in the annals of the Catholic church he will always be the man who began the separation of science and religion.
The main argument which Galileo’s opponents used against his theory was that in many places in the Bible it is mentioned that the Earth stands still and that the Sun revolves around it. Galileo himself was a devout Christian and did not mean to question God’s power or the Holy Writ with his work. As a result, to support his claim, he developed three logical arguments in his letter, which he backed with the opinions of leading Christian authorities, in order to prove that science can reinforce religion rather than discredit it.
Science contradicts the bible in many ways according to Galileo because scientists are looking further into and past what the bible says. So therefore scientists have different meanings of what the bible says. Scientists are more complex than the bible and it words. He explains this by saying that in the bible you will find words that say the sun moves and the earth stands still.
Galileo received harsh criticism for this theory since it went against the church’s beliefs and teachings. In his letter to Madame Cristina de Lorena, Galileo explains he thought the clergymen were “displaying greater affection for their own opinions than for true ones” meaning that they too intolerant to accept the truth found in science. Instead of embracing theories developed through experimentation, Galileo claimed the priests hid behind the Scripture without providing proof of its claims. Religious figureheads believed that since the bible said that the Earth revolves around the Sun, Galileo was going against the bible and God. However, Galileo maintained that the bible should be read symbolically since its claims are clearly not scientifically true. Galileo insisted that the bible was written in such a way so that everyone would be able to understand it through figurative lessons and explanations and thus should not be interpreted
Moreover, Pope Urban had affirmed that God had limited man’s understanding of the universe but Galileo had different thoughts. According to him, God gave man the explicit mandate to reason and discover the world. This statement was contrary to the belief that the Pope was not supposed to be disputed but Galileo had just done that. He was thus arrested and after trial, he was fo...
Galileo was condemned because he could not keep his opinions to himself and could not resist the
Galileo Galilei was an Italian philosopher born in 1564. As an adult, he didn’t believe the universal geocentric theory of the planets and heavens which was established by the Catholic Church. The church taught that the Earth was the center of the universe and everything revolved around our planet. Another theory that the Church supported was that the Earth stood still while the sun rose and set every day. Society in the 1500’s believed that the Pope spoke for God through a divine connection and to against the church was to go against God. To speak out against the church in this time was strictly taboo. If one was to speak against the church was considered to be heresy, which is exactly what happened to Galileo. Galileo invented the telescope and began studying the heavens above and noticed that changes within the stars and planets. He noticed that the “stars” that surrounded Jupiter moved. He came to the conclusion through rational thinking, that the Copernicus’ heliocentric theory was correct. Copernicus was a scientist and philosopher whose theory proposed that the sun was stationary and the heavens orbit around the sun. Galileo tried to convince the church not to aboli...
Galileo used this great invention to report astronomical facts such as the moon is cover with craters instead of being smooth, the Milky Way is composed of millions of stars, and Jupiter have four moons. Perhaps the most famous discovery is the Earth revolves around the Sun and the Earth is not the center of the universe (even though he was discredited at the time).
...t science is not merely a group of 'inventive dwarfs'. Instead, science is a way of life. The book of discourses (dealing with the laws of motion), that was published after Galileo's recantation, represents a way in which Galileo can contemplate for his unethical and immoral acts by generating knowledge to the public. Although Galileo reassures the making of science by making the book of discourses, nothing can ever bring compensation to the harm which he brought on humanity and the way in which he destroyed the meaning of sacrifice.
Giakoumidis, N., et al. "Developing a Telescope Simulator towards a Global Autonomous Robotic Telescope Network." Publications de l 'Observatoire Astronomique de Beograd 92 (2013):
Much to the dismay of the Church, two astronomers Galileo and Kepler had the audacity to challenge the authorities by suggesting that the sun-not the earth-was at the center of the universe. The church had a stronghold on the way the spiritual and physical world worked, so these discoveries only added to the Church’s resistance to their aims. Their discoveries came only after Kepler and Galileo began to question ancient theories about how the world functioned. These ancient truths were widely held but were inconsistent with the new observations that they had made. Kepler had discovered the laws of planetary motion which suggested that the planet would move in elliptical orbits, while Galileo followed with his discovery of the principle of inertia. Galileo concluded his finding b...
In 1609 the telescope was invented and Galileo began making his own lenses for better telescopes and then started looking at the sky. In December and January (1609-1610) it is said that he made more discoveries that changed the world that anyone has made before or since. He wrote a book called the “Starry Messenger”, and said that there were mountains on the moon, the Milky Way was made up of many stars, and there were small bodies in orbit around Jupiter. He used his mathematical skills to calculate the motions of these bodies around Jupiter. In 1610 he started looking at Saturn and discovered the rings, and the phases of Saturn (just like our moon’s phases).