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Describe the accomplishments of alexander the great essay
Alexander the great accomplishments essay
Alexander the great accomplishments essay
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Throughout history, Alexander the Great was known to be one of the world most successful conqueror of his time. To describe his conquests and legacy we will be answering (3) questions.
(1) How did Alexander manage to conquer so many nations? (2) How did he managed to create a Hellenistic world? And (3) how did he manage to leave such legacy behind?
How did Alexander the great conquer the ancient world? According to Mark (2013) Alexander born July 20, 356 B.C. to King Philip II of Macedon. Mark added, at age 18 Alexander became general of the Macedonia army. “At the completion of his education, Alexander embarked on his first military expedition against the Thracian tribes. In 338, Alexander took charge of the Macedonia Companion Cavalry
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defeating Athenian and Theban.” Age 20 after his father's death, to peruse his ambition as a world leader, he got rid of all other heirs to the throne and had the Macedonia army crowned him king. Alexander then started his expedition settling revolts of smaller states and tribes trying to take advantage of Macedonia during his father’s death. After settling domestic disputes, he went on to peruse his conquest. Smith (1901) stated Alexander succeeded the throne of Macedonia at age 20 “after the death of King Phillip 11 was murdered at his daughter wedding reception:" (B.C. 334) He later crossed the Hellespont to execute the mission of (Greece to the civilized world). He subjugated Syria and Israel B.C. 334-332. Next 332 B.C. Egypt submitted to him where he found the city, Alexandria. In the same year of B.C. 330, he defeated Darius of Persia at Gaugamela. In B.C. 327 he crossed the Indus; turning westward, he reached Susa B.C. 325 and proceeded to Babylon B.C. 324, which he chose as the capital of his empire. According to Walbank (n.d) with great ambition and the desire to succeed his conquest Alexander would require the support of the city-states and the colonies: To maintain a strong army and Macedonia rule, Alexander encouraged the conquered local involvement in states affairs. Alexander also promotes local religion and cultures. He made local governors keep their soldiers under Macedonian command. Later in spring 331 he returned to Tyre, appointed a Macedonian satrap to Syria, and advance into Mesopotamia. His conquest of Egypt had completed his control of the whole eastern Mediterranean coast. How did Alexander manage to create a Hellenistic world? Alexander was very strategic and as a result, he mixed the Greeks cultures with the local customs and practices. To this end, Greek later became the universal language of his time. Alexander Hellenistic culture lasted from 323 B.C. to about 146 B.C. The Greeks cultures and language spread throughout the Persian Empire, and then later throughout his Hellenistic Kingdoms from Persia to southwest Asia and Northeast Africa. By the time Alexander passed away Greek had become the language of the ancient world. Hellenistic culture in different parts of the world had started taking the form of art and literature. However, according to source, 336 B.C. 13 years before Alexander death he had built an empire stretched from Greece to India: It spread Greek ideas and culture from the Eastern Mediterranean to Asia. After Alexander had died in 323 B.C., his generals divided his conquered kingdoms amongst themselves. Those fragments became three powerful dynasties: the Seleucids of Syria and Persia, the Ptolemais of Egypt and the Antigonids of Greece and Macedonia. Though these dynasties were not politically united, they shared a great deal in common. It is these commonalities, the “Greek-ness” of Alexandrian world historians refer to as the Hellenistic Age (“HELLENISTIC GREECE,” 2010). Source further stated, Greek civilization and its expansion into Asia (2015), claimed that: Culture contact in the Hellenistic world extended beyond trade and commerce.
In astronomy, physics, mathematics, and medicine, Greek thinkers profited from the knowledge and techniques of the East. In Egypt, Alexandria grew into a renowned center of learning and inquiry. Most of its population spoke Greek, which rapidly became the tongue of educated people throughout the Hellenistic world. (p. 166).
How did Alexander manage to leave behind such legacy? The legacy of Alexander was the Hellenization of Persia and Egypt. Alexander's modern world the two greatest nations under his control strongly influenced by the Greek culture. According To Greek civilization and its expansion into Asia (2015), Alexander impacts his empires by “retaining satrapies and other features of Persian government. To Fused Greek and Persian cultures he took Persian wives and encouraged his commanders to do the same. He also placed Greeks and Persians in political and administrative positions.”
However, according to sources Alexander legacy was left through his Hellenistic
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Kingdoms: Alexander's legacy and campaigns increased contacts and trade between East and West, and areas exposed to Greek civilization and influence. Over the course of his conquests, Alexander founded some twenty cities that bore his name that became centers of culture and diversity. Most famous of these towns is Egypt's Port Alexandria. Some of the cities he founded became major cultural centers, and many survived the 21st century (“The Empire and Legacy of Alexander the Great,” n.d). However, according to Greek civilization and its expansion into Asia. (2015). Alexander legacy should not romanticize with: The source further argued, although Alexander championed the Greek culture he did not appreciate the Persian Empire. He demolished one of the greatest powers of the ancient world without replacing it with a culture that improved the lives of its people. Also, his model of kinship blended west with east but benefited neither. Despite his love for Greek culture and his desire to fuse Greek and Persian worlds, he never thought about establishing political and economic institutions that could have helped unify a realm stretching from Macedonia to Egypt and from Greece to India. (p. 166) Conclusion: According to Greek civilization and its expansion into Asia (2015), Alexander united the ancient world through his rule from further war and devastation.
He not only unit the weaken Greeks states separated by division and revolts but also protected Greek cities threaten by Persian expansion. He also spread the Greek culture to all civilizations, and later liberate the city states sister states from Persian rule. Greek civilization and its expansion into Asia further added, after defeating Persia, Asia, Egypt and India Alexander connected southwest Asia, Europe, and Africa through the Greek culture that later inspired new societies and political
entities. Greek civilization and its expansion into Asia further added, Alexander not only wanted to spread the Greek culture but also wanted to share his way of thinking to other civilizations: Through Kingdom, Alexander created trade roads and harbors to promote Persian, Egypt, Asian and European businesses. This boost trades and improves communication in the Mediterranean East and West Asia. Venders use trades route to ship perishable by sea and non-perishable by land. The product from India, Persia and China sold in Greece and vice versa. To create a blended culture Alexander and his commander adopted the other cultures and his marry local wives from conquered nations to straighten his Kingdom. (p. 166 -170)
Alexander adopted Persian governing practices, but he had little use for Persian culture. According to his Greek biographer Plutarch, he considered himself "a governor from God and a reconciler of the world." He hoped that Greek culture would, through his actions, permeate all of Asia, inspiring its peoples to pursue virtue, excellence, and truth. This heroic idealism blended with practicality in his plan to develop the Tigris, Euphrates, and Indus rivers as commercial waterways linking all of Asia These undertakings promised to be long and difficult, however, and Alexander was an impatient man. His soldiers' unwillingness to proceed past the Indus was a great disappointment to him, for which he compensated by throwing his own festivals and celebrations. Alexander showed early leadership qualities. When King Phillip invaded Thrace, he left Alexander in charge of Macedonia at the age of 16. During his father's absence, one of the Thracian tribes, the Maedi, rebelled. Alexander was able to mobilize an army and put down the rebellion. In 336 B.C, Alexander's father was assassinated, putting Alexander on the throne at the age of 20. Shortly after this, Alexander left Macedonia with his armies to put down rebellions in the countries of Illyria, Thrace and Greece, all of which had previously been conquered by King Phillip. Alexander then moved his armies into Asia Minor and began to conquer the peoples there. Among the countries conquered by Alexander were Syria, Phoenicia and
The son of Philip II, Alexander the Great, will become the conqueror of the western world. Alexander received the Macedonian empire when his father passed, he was only twenty at the time. As soon as he had the power of the Macedonian army, several lightning fast campaigns led them into the west and north. Next, he compelled the city-states that rebelled against the League of Corinth. This action demonstrated how Alexander punished disloyalty [Martin 244]. Alexander was able to keep his rule on the territories he conquered by rewarded the cities who recognized his powers and punished the individuals that betrayed his trust or ambitions. The power he possessed depended on his superior force and his unwillingly desire to use it [Martin 245]. The
Alexander the Great was the son of Philip Macedonia. Alexander the Great was a big admirer of Greek culture during his time. During Alexander the Great time in history he spread the Greek culture through the Middle East and North Africa. Alexander the Great past away at an early age and after his death the Greeks took over the Romans.
Although several people may disagree, these achievements and intelligence lead to great success. For example, against Porus and his army, Alexander puzzled the elephants causing them to stampede and kill Porus’s army. Also, in eleven years Alexander conquered 2,200,000 square miles of land at the age of twenty. Nobody can do this any day and Alexander showed his ability to persevere through tough times. Ultimately, when thinking of great names in history, remember Alexander the Great and all his great accomplishments because nobody has been able to conquer so much land in such a short amount of time with little rest and so much confidence in any
Alexander the Great is hailed, by most historians, as “The Great Conqueror” of the world in the days of ancient Mesopotamia. “Alexander III of Macedon, better known as Alexander the Great, single-handedly changed the nature of the ancient world in little more than a decade. Alexander was born in Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia in July 356 BCE. His parents were Philip II of Macedon and his wife Olympias. Philip was assassinated in 336 BCE and Alexander inherited a powerful yet volatile kingdom. He quickly dealt with his enemies at home and reasserted Macedonian power within Greece. He then set out to conquer the massive Persian Empire” (Web, BBC History). It is important to note, which will maybe explain his brutal actions, that Alexander was only twenty years old when he became the king of Macedonia. “When he was 13, Philip hired the Greek philosopher Aristotle to be Alexander’s personal tutor. During the next three years Aristotle gave Alexander training in rhetoric and literature and stimulated his interest in science, medicine, and philosophy, all of which became of importance in Alexander’s later life” (Web, Project of History of Macedonia). “In, 340, when Philip assembled a large Macedonian army and invaded Thrace, he left his 16 years old son with the power to rule Macedonia in his absence as regent, but as the Macedonian army advanced deep into Thrace, the Thracian tribe of Maedi bordering north-eastern Macedonia rebelled and posed a danger to the country. Alexander assembled an army, led it against the rebels, and with swift action defeated the Maedi, captured their stronghold, and renamed it after himself to Alexandropolis. Two years later in 338 BC, Philip gave his son a commanding post among the senior gener...
Few historical figures stand out in the same degree as that of Alexander the Great. He was a warrior by 16, a commander at age 18, and was crowned King of Macedon by the time he was 20 years old. He did things in his lifetime that others could only dream about. Alexander single-handedly changed the nature of the ancient world in just over a decade. There were many attributes that made Alexander “Great.” He was a brilliant strategist and an inspired leader; he led by example and was a conqueror at heart. In looking at his early childhood, accession to the throne, conquests, marriage, and death one can see why Alexander the Great is revered in historical contexts as one of the greatest figures of all time.
One belief was the Egyptian goddess Iris that could achieve popularity among Greeks. The Hebrew Bible was also passed through Alexandria and had created Hellenized Jews and polytheism grew in Greece. In conclusion, Greece’s Hellenistic Age contributed to the expansion of Greece with Alexander the Great’s help. Alexander spread Greek culture throughout Egypt, the eastern Mediterranean, and Asia. Throughout periods in Greek times there have been advances in art, literature, philosophy, architecture, metal and bronze, city-states, religions, and etc.
Alexander the Great was only 20 years when his father Philip of Macedon died. Even though he was a young man, he had an unusual talent for politics and military tactics. After his father’s death, Alexander moved to continue Philip’s invasion of Persia. In the ten years of his war campaigns, Alexander conquered a large portion of the then-known world. (Judge & Langdon, 2012.)
Alexander the Great was able to accomplish more in the thirty-two years of his lifetime than anyone in the world. With the win of every battle and siege that Alexander the Great took part in, he expanded his empire stretching from Macedonia all the way to western Asia by the Hyphasis River and down into Egypt. Of the around twenty battles and sieges that Alexander the Great won, four stand out as the most important to his expansion of his empire based on the tactics, strategies, achievements, outcomes, and gains of each battle: the Battle of Granicus, the Battle of Issus, the Siege of Tyre, and the Battle of Gaugamela.
Alexander the Great (July 356BC – June 323BC) was King of the ancient Greek Kingdom of Macedon. By the age of thirty he had created one of the largest empires of the ancient world. He remained undefeated in battle and is considered one of history’s most successful Military commanders. Historians’ have offered theories which could explain Alexander’s motivation to conquer so much of the known world. Some suggest that Alexander was an idealistic visionary who sought to unite the world, whereas others argued that he was a fascist whose hunger for power drove him. The Ancient Greeks were driven by love of honour (philotimaea) and their desire for greatness. They were competitive, always striving to better one another.
Alexander began his military campaign and his rule much where his father left off. Whether or not it was his aim, this created a sense of normality for the men that was part of his father’s regime. Alexander’s position as a warrior-king who stood side-by-side among his men also served to create respect among his peers. Gradually, as Alexander conquered more Persian land, he began to adopt the policies of Persian rulers. Alexander’s change in policy extended beyond just political roles, he gave consideration to the local gods in many of the lands that he conquered. Eventually, Alexander brought people in from the conquered nations to serve under him.
Greek language, art, architecture, literature, religion, and science were all spread throughout the Hellenistic world by Alexander the Great. Schools and libraries were established in cities in the Hellenistic world that helped to facilitate this spreading of Greek culture to foreign peoples. Art throughout the Hellenistic world began to depict human beings in a more lifelike manner, showing an increased emphasis on humanism in artwork. Hellenistic art focused more on varying facial expressions as well as depicting people in everyday places, such as streets and markets. Hellenistic architecture took Greek architecture and added some of its own architectural elements to morph Hellenistic architecture towards a more Baroque style. Greek language and religion were spread throughout the empire through Hellenization, but the Hellenistic empire was also tolerant of other religions and cultures. Greek culture combined with elements of the cultures from the various lands of the Hellenistic empire are what made Hellenistic culture unique. The Hellenistic empire was vital for spreading Greek culture throughout the Mediterranean region, and the Hellenistic empire helped to spread the principles of western civilization to many different peoples. Overall, western civilization would not be what it is today without Hellenization and the spread of Greek culture, art, literature, architecture, science, and math, which is why I believe that Hellenization is one of the three greatest achievements of the Hellenistic
Spread of the Koine Greek language was rapid and provided a means of communication and power for indigenous peoples who learned the language. The New Testament of the Bible was also written in Koine Greek. Alexander brought Greek culture to the world in a way that was not achieved during the Hellenic era. The idea of the universal culture of the Hellenistic era similarly influenced the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire also assimilated conquered peoples into the empire, and attempted to establish Roman influence in conquered lands. Hellenic Greece was also valuable in the amount of philosophical ideas, art, and culture. However, in the Hellenistic era, the spread of Greek influence was important and led to the greatest impact on the future. Without the spread of Greek influence the ideas of Cleisthenes, Aristotle, Alexander, and of Greek scientists would have remained in Athens as well as the Grecian peninsula. Also, Alexander revived the declining progress in Athens and all of Greece due to war and internal conflict, and united Greece, for the most part, against a common foe, the Persians. The impact of the Hellenic age would not have been realized without the assistance from Alexander’s
He had this idea of uniting the word. This idea motivated him to expand his kingdom, and fight against the Persian empire other kingdoms. He didn’t have a plan where he wants to stop the expansion,so he keeps going until his soldiers refuse to fight, because they were far from their motherland (Williamson Alexander the great). This time of the period Alexand builds houses, theaters and official building that promote Greeks culture throughout Asia, Europe and North Africa. In all Alexander 's generals the top leader and office all members were Macedon. If someone wishes to in these top officials, he needs to learn Greece language. That was the shows his loyal at the time. However Alexander didn’t had a chance to led his empire. He died at age of 33 from his war wounds and disease. Shortly after his death, there were no one fit to be a king in his family. As result Macedon generals start to fight to lead this huge empire as a whole. At the end, Generals like Antigonus Gonatas, Ptolemy, Seleucus, Attalus and Aetolian divide the empire and they name themselves asking the place, where they were generals. This was known as successor kingdoms (Williamson Alexander the great). This shows the achievement of culture and the failure of political because Alexander did get a chance to lead the empire after all the hard work he have done. The successor kingdoms were war each other to expand their empire even though their culture were
slide 13). With him, Alexander brought Hellenistic thought, values and culture to his new lands, including Egypt, where he saw some of the most interesting cultural blending and economic growth (The West pg. 127). He allowed and encouraged this cultural assimilation across his Macedonian Empire. These new viewpoints from his various acquisitions transformed the Greek political system from a simple collection of city-states or poleis to a more complex collection of cosmopoleis, or city-states with people of many different countries (Greek expansion pp. slide 21). Alexander’s imperial conquests marked the end of the Hellenic era and the beginning of the Hellenistic (Ancient Greek Civilizations