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Essays on medical errors
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Medical mishaps occur more often than people may believe. According to John Bonifield from CNN, Medical errors kill more than 250,000 people in the United States yearly. Due to this large number of deaths relating to medical errors, hospitals and organizations are working together to lower the high number of mishaps. “Awareness about the problem has increased, but we clearly have to do more to get a lot closer to zero,” said Mark Chassin, President of the Joint Commission. The statistics of medical errors prove that mistakes are happening more often than they should. Often, individuals believe that these tragedies will not occur to him or her. Reviewing the statistics of various doctor rules and surgery reviews will help understand the level of seriousness our hospitals have reached. Through an understanding of the causes of medical errors, the frequency of medical mishaps will decrease. Common medical errors include: 1. Treating the wrong patient 2. Tools left behind from surgery 3. Long waits in the emergency room 4. Wrong-site surgery 5.Waking up during surgery Every year, nearly 2.5 million people go under the knife unnecessarily, often with devastating results (Guthrie 164-201). Unnecessary surgery is often performed when further research by the patient is not executed. If an individual experiences back pain, the immediate answer should not be surgery unless various tests have shown that surgery needs to take place. Many Americans place much trust within their doctors to always make the right decision. We must remember that doctors are humans too and are capable of making mistakes. The number of questions between a patient and a doctor can never become too many. Unnecessary surgery does not only cause problems ... ... middle of paper ... ...Catherine. "Operating BLIND." Prevention 59.8 (2007): 164-201. Health Source - Consumer Edition. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. Hettiaratchy, Shehan. "Uses Of Error: Surgical Mistakes." Lancet 358.9285 (2001): 887. Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition. Web. 23 Jan. 2014. J.F.L. "Guiding The Knife." Pediatrics 90.6 (1992): 949. Health Source - Consumer Edition. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. Levin, Arthur A. "Unsafe Doctor Training Continues." Healthfacts 31.10 (2006): 4. Alt HealthWatch. Web. 13 Jan. 2014. P.R., and Sari Harrar. "LEFT BEHIND Surgical Tools." Prevention 55.6 (2003): 163. Health Source - Consumer Edition. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. Woolf, Steven H., et al. "A String Of Mistakes: The Importance Of Cascade Analysis In Describing, Counting, And Preventing Medical Errors." Annals Of Family Medicine 2.4 (2004): 317-326. Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition. Web. 23 Jan. 2014.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) reported in 1999 that between 44,000 and 98,000 people die each year in the United States due to a preventable medical error. A report written by the National Quality Forum (NQF) found that over a decade after the IOM report the prevalence of medical errors remains very high (2010). In fact a study done by the Hearst Corporation found that the number of deaths due to medical error and post surgical infections has increased since the IOM first highlighted the problem and recommended actions to reduce the number of events (Dyess, 2009).
Hospitals are busy places, and with so much going on it is hard to believe that mistakes are not made. However, there are some accidents that should never happen. Such events have been termed ‘never events’ because they are never supposed to happen. This term was first introduced by Ken Kizer, MD, in 2001 (US, 2012). The Joint Commission has classified never events as sentinel events and asks that hospitals report them. A sentinel event is defined as, “an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physiological or psychological injury, or the risk thereof” (US, 2012). Never events are termed sentinel events because in the past 12 years 71% of the events reported were fatal (US, 2012). Because these events are never supposed to happen, many insurance companies will not reimburse the hospitals when they occur. A study in 2006, showed that the average hospital could experience a case of wrong-site surgery, one example of a never event, only once every 5 to 10 years (US, 2012). This study illustrates how rare a never event is. Hospitals do not want these never events to happen any more than a patient does. To help prevent these errors, hospitals have created policies that, if followed, will minimize the possibility of a mistake. The consequences of never events are devastating and because of this the goal is to make sure that they are eradicated from hospitals and medical facilities.
I have been aware of medical errors for some time now. While in nursing school I have heard many stories from classmates and instructors of instances where people they knew, or loved ones had been either harmed or died because of a medical error. I have had experiences with medical errors. When I was in the hospital for the birth of my first child, the nurse that came to change out my IV bag did not check the
Hospital medical errors can involve medicines (e.g., wrong drug, wrong dose, bad combination), an inaccurate or incomplete diagnosis, equipment malfunction, surgical mistakes, or laboratory errors. High medical error rates with serious consequences occurs in intensive care units, operating rooms, and emergency departments; but, serious errors that harmed patients may have prevented or minimized. Understand the nature of the error
In “When Doctors Make Mistakes,” Atul Gawande flatly states that “all doctors make terrible mistakes” (657). In doing so he explains certain failures and errors that doctors commit that led to situations that in danger patients. Gawande first mentions a study that found “…nearly
Milani, Oleck and Lavie reported that Medical errors are the eighth leading cause of death in the hospitals. About 44,000 to 98,000 people die each year from adverse effects from medication errors, 1 million annually die in
Medication errors made by medical staff bring about consequences of epidemic proportions. Medical staff includes everyone from providers (medical doctors, nurse practitioners and physician assistants) to pharmacists to nurses (registered and practical). Medication errors account for almost 98,000 deaths in the United States yearly (Tzeng, Yin, & Schneider, 2013). This number only reflects the United States, a small percentage in actuality when looking at the whole world. Medical personnel must take responsibility for their actions and with this responsibility comes accountability in their duties of medication administration. Nurses play a major role in medication error prevention and education and this role distinguishes them as reporters of errors.
The purpose of this paper is to identify a quality safety issue. I will summarize the impact that this issue has on health care delivery. In addition, I will identify quality improvement strategies. Finally, I will share a plan to effectively implement this quality improvement strategy.
Many hospitals have systems of checks and balances to avoid errors, but what happens when the systems do not work? Today in the United States, medical errors are the fifth-leading cause of death. In 2000, the Institute of Medicine released a study, “To Err is Human”, revealing an estimated 98,000 deaths annually from medical errors. While this figure is assumed to be lower than the actual, each death comes with an inherent cost to the health care system. In today’s terms this figure is underestimated, however the accompanied cost is estimated to be between $17 billion and $29 billion annually.
Furthermore, short staffing affects the quality direct care each patient receives. The National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (2012) states an estimated 98,000 individuals die every year from medical errors in the United States. One out of many significant tasks nurses do within their scope of practice is medication administration. Research shows a relationship between short staffing on medication errors: the longer the hours nurses work, the higher the chances of medication errors (Garnett, 2008). (include definition of medication error) Administering medications requires knowledge of patient rights, pharmacological information on the drug, adverse effects, proper dosage calculations, and hospital protocols. When nurses are assigned more patients, they are pressured to give due medications on time. Sometimes due to hunger or fatigue, nurses give the wrong medication to the wrong patient (Frith, Anderson, Tseng, & Fong, 2012).
Jackson, M.A. & Simpson, K. H. (2006). Chronic Back Pain. Continuing Education in Anaethesia, Critical Care and Pain, 6(4), 152-155. http://dx.doi: 10.1093/bjaceaccp/mkl029
Often, people in New York, and elsewhere, require surgery to relieve the symptoms of certain conditions, repair internal damage or address other ailments. When they go in for such procedures, patients put their lives and their health in their surgeons’ hands. Unfortunately, however, surgery errors commonly occur, putting patients at risk for worsened conditions, additional medical problems or death. All too often, such mistakes are preventable.
It is shocking to know that every year 98000 patients die from medical errors that can be prevented(Kohn, L. T., Corrigan, J. M., & Donaldson, M. S. (Eds.), 2000). Medical errors are not a new issue in our healthcare system; these have been around for a long time. Hospitals have been trying to improve quality care and patients safety by implementing different strategies to prevent and reduce medical errors for past thirty years. Medical errors are the third leading cause of death after heart disease and cancer in America (Allen, 2013). In addition medical errors are costing our healthcare system an estimated $735 billion to $980 billion (Andel, Davidow, Hollander, & Moreno, 2012).
Keeping patients safe is essential in today’s health care system, but patient safety events that violate that safety are increasing each year. It was only recently, that the focus on patient safety was reinforced by a report prepared by Institute of medicine (IOM) entitled ” To err is human, building a safer health system”(Wakefield & Iliffe,2002).This report found that approx-imately 44,000 to 98,000 deaths occur each year due to medical errors and that the majority was preventable. Deaths due to medical errors exceed deaths due to many other causes such as like HIV infections, breast cancer and even traffic accidents (Wakefield & Iliffe, 2002). After this IOM reports, President Clinton established quality interagency coordination task force with the help of government agencies. These government agencies are responsible for making health pol-icies regarding patient safety to which every HCO must follow (Schulman & Kim, 2000).
The health care is extremely important to society because without health care it would not be possible for individuals to remain healthy. The health care administers care, treats, and diagnoses millions of individual’s everyday from newborn to fatal illness patients. The health care consists of hospitals, outpatient care, doctors, employees, and nurses. Within the health care there are always changes occurring because of advance technology and without advance technology the health care would not be as successful as it is today. Technology has played a big role in the health care and will continue in the coming years with new methods and procedures of diagnosis and treatment to help safe lives of the American people. However, with plenty of advance technology the health care still manages to make an excessive amount of medical errors. Health care organizations face many issues and these issues have a negative impact on the health care system. There are different ways medical errors can occur within the health care. Medical errors are mistakes that are made by health care providers with no intention of harming patients. These errors rang from communication error, surgical error, manufacture error, diagnostic error, and wrong medication error. There are hundreds of thousands of patients that die every year due to medical error. With medical errors on the rise it has caused the United States to be the third leading cause of death. (Allen.M, 2013) Throughout the United States there are many issues the he...