Homework Six

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Marbury v. Madison
Marbury v. Madison was a Supreme Court case to resolve the dispute of Marbury’s appointment in 1803. Before he left presidential office, John Adams made a set of last minute appointments. According to these, he named Federalists to the most of the positions. Among others, he appointed William Marbury “as a justice of the peace in the District of Columbia but failed to deliver Marbury’s commission before midnight” (Boyer 226). Marbury needed the notice of appointment; however, new secretary of state Republican John Madison refused to send it to him. As a result, Marbury asked the Supreme Court for help. The Chief of Justice, John Marshall, went back to available documents to find out what he was supposed to do. Finally, he presented that although Marbury has the right to the appointment, according to Constitution, no one has the right to force Madison to deliver Marbury’s commission.
The Louisiana Purchase
Being afraid of Napoleon who gained Louisiana and New Orleans for France, Jefferson sent “James Monroe and Robert R. Livingston to Paris to buy New Orleans from France” (Boyer 228). Napoleon, who needed money for his European wars, decided to sell the whole territory for $15 million. Consequently, The Louisiana Purchase was made on April 30, 1803, when the United States signed treaty with France. While Jefferson’s fears of French expansion were driven back, he had to face problems connected with the purchase as opposition claimed it was unconstitutional.
The Monroe Doctrine
The Monroe Doctrine, written mostly by John Q. Adams, was a Monroe’s message delivered to Congress on December 2, 1823 (Boyer 247). It was the first significant statement regarding foreign policies and served mostly as a message to the n...

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...wakening was based on teachings of educated preachers. Among others, Presbyterians and Congregationalists had a great significance; additionally, as Boyer points out, “no religious denomination proved more successful frontier than the Methodist [… who] quickly became America’s largest Protestant denomination” (297).
Whig Party
The Whig Party “coalesced into Jackson opposition party” in 1832 (Democratic… 15). The name “Whigs” is derived from British designation for “anti-monarchists.” The Wigs, among whom were also John Q. Adams, Lyman Beecher, Horace Greely, or Abraham Lincoln, made fun of Andrew Jackson, calling him “King Andrew” (Democratic… 15). They were against slavery and alcohol consumption, supported internal improvements and claimed the education needs to be improved. The Whig Party didn’t last long; many of the members joined the Republican Party later.

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