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Hitler and his reign of terror
To what extent was the use of propaganda the ost important method of nazi control in the years 1933-1939
Propaganda under Hitler
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Recommended: Hitler and his reign of terror
Hitler as a Totalitarian Dictator
In order for me to begin answering the question whether or not Hitler
was a totalitarian dictator I must first identify the significance of
the key phrase ‘Totalitarian Dictator’ exactly what it means and what
factors of a totalitarian dictator were employed in Germany.
I believe a totalitarian dictator must attempt to control every aspect
of life for the people of the nation also dictate as a single party
and only one ruler, they should also have full control over aspects
such as the media and what gets into papers; on the television and on
the radio, the education system and the way the new generation is
taught, the states economy and social life. A totalitarian dictator
would also show very nationalistic views although the use of military
is used to hold order and obedience.
The encyclopaedia Britannica gives the definition:
“In the broadest sense, totalitarianism is characterized by strong
central rule that attempts to control and direct all aspects of
individual life through coercion and repression. The state achieves
popularity through a strong, charismatic leader.”
To answer the question, I must adopt the factors stated above and
compare them to the example of Hitler and Nazi Germany in order to
decide what extent Hitler was a totalitarian Dictator.
Some of the features of a totalitarian dictator Hitler has been
employing even before he had much power. These were the use of
violence and terror to influence and control people, and it was a main
weapon for Hitler against radicals and anyone who would speak out
about his ideas.
Hitler set up the SS and Gestapo to take care of t...
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censored from newspaper articles and radio shows to cinema screen
productions, Goebbles organisation of the propaganda was essential in
the manipulation of public opinion to be favourable towards the Nazi
Party. Rallies held be Goebbles and Hitler were attended by hundreds
upon hundreds of people and the SA would parade and it was Hitler’s
ability as a charismatic leader and Goebbles excellent ability to
organisation and distribute propaganda which was an essential factor
in the maintenance of Hitler’s total control over Germany.
All of this information leads us to believe that Hitler had total
dictatorship over Germany and he certainly set out to do so, and
although they were largely successful, there were elements of Nazi
rule that were far from totalitarian due to a lack of unity and
purpose within the party.
1. In her book “Total Domination”, Hannah Arendt strongly believed that Totalitarianism is trying to achieve the idea of Total domination. She studied and analyzed how totalitarianism had always falls into the idea of total domination in which she explained how total domination works in her point of view and her own description of Totalitarian. Her purpose is to show how the leaders treated humans lesser than animals in a way of how they torture people with their cruelty. She seems to have a great ideas of her comparison that gives justice to really make me believe that totalitarian has the same idea of total dominion.
The outcomes of government and leader dictatorship in totalitarian societies such as allegiance to the government, collectivism among the people, and the practice of eugenics encourage different living arrangement in those societies. Dictatorial leaders favor the separation of children from their parents and families because it becomes easier to do all of the things mentioned before. Loyalty and allegiance to the government lets the government manipulate the society. Collectivism eliminates any differences among the citizens of the society and separation of children from their families allows that to happen even more further. Lastly, the separation of people helps the government practice the act of eugenics and create a better, or worse, human race if they desire to do so.
The setting was perfect as the people of Germany were primed and ready for any leader that would tickle their ears with what they were wanting to hear. World War I was over (#4) and the people of Germany were in an economic depression that crippled the country. The German mark had lost so much value that it took a wheelbarrow full of money to buy a loaf of bread. A good portion of the youth in Germany were raised in fatherless homes. In an article written by Dr. Alice Hamilton, she says this about Hitler's youth: "They were children during the years of the war when the food blockade kept them half starved, when fathers were away at the front and mothers distracted with the effort to keep their families fed. They came to manhood in a country which seemed to have no use for them. Even compulsory military training was no more and there was nothing to take its place" (Perry et. al 358). Hitler, being the sleazy opportunist that he was, capitalized on this state of affairs. In ways that were not politically correct, he was able to influence this segment of the population and hold them in allegiance to his agenda. "Hitler made each insignificant, poverty stricken, jobless youth of the slums feel himself as of the great of the earth, since the youth was a German, a Nordic, far superior to the successful Jew who was driven out of office and counting house to make place for the youth and his like" (Perry et. al 359). The following is an example of how Hitler coerced and manipulated people and how we as managers and leaders can learn from his mistakes. This essay will also address how we can effectively influence people and earn their loyalty. In order to effectively influence peopl...
Totalitarianism can be defined in the Merriam-Webster dictionary as the centralized control by an autocratic authority. The leaders of these societies are obsessed with complete control and will take whatever steps are necessary to reach such a goal. In many totalitarian societies, children are separated from their families. This is enforced on the citizens because rulers want them to be loyal to the government. Such living arrangements can be portrayed in Ayn Rand’s novel, Anthem.
Following the beginning of the Second World War, Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Germany and Joseph Stalin’s Soviet Union would start what would become two of the worst genocides in world history. These totalitarian governments would “welcome” people all across Europe into a new domain. A domain in which they would learn, in the utmost tragic manner, the astonishing capabilities that mankind possesses. Nazis and Soviets gradually acquired the ability to wipe millions of people from the face of the Earth. Throughout the war they would continue to kill millions of people, from both their home country and Europe. This was an effort to rid the Earth of people seen as unfit to live in their ideal society. These atrocities often went unacknowledged and forgotten by the rest of the world, leaving little hope for those who suffered. Yet optimism was not completely dead in the hearts of the few and the strong. Reading Man is Wolf to Man: Surviving the Gulag by Janusz Bardach and Survival in Auschwitz by Primo Levi help one capture this vivid sense of resistance toward the brutality of the German concentration and Soviet work camps. Both Bardach and Levi provide a commendable account of their long nightmarish experience including the impact it had on their lives and the lives of others. The willingness to survive was what drove these two men to achieve their goals and prevent their oppressors from achieving theirs. Even after surviving the camps, their mission continued on in hopes of spreading their story and preventing any future occurrence of such tragic events. “To have endurance to survive what left millions dead and millions more shattered in spirit is heroic enough. To gather the strength from that experience for a life devoted to caring for oth...
To conclude, both Stalin's Soviet Union and Hitler's Nazi Germany during the 1930s could be considered totalitarian states to a very large extent.
Nazism possess the core features of totalitarianism, however has a few differences which distinguishes it. Totalitarianism, by the Friedrich-Brzezinski definition, is when the government establishes complete control over all aspects of the state,maintaining the complete control of laws and over what people can say, think and do. Nazi Germany satisfies most of this criteria, as they had a one party system without political opposition. Moreover, they had a single unchallenged leader, in Hitler, to whom the entire nation conformed to. Furthermore, the party had nearly complete control over the country, controlling what people thought through propaganda and censorship, as well as what people could do through fear and terror. However, there are
The term was first used in 1925 to describe a socio-political system that was comprehensive and all embracing. It applies to both extremes of political systems, Communism and Fascism. Historians Carl Friedrich and Zbigniew Brzezinski, in 1956, tried to identify certain features of totalitarianism. It has an official ideology that is generally adhered to, the state has control over the military, economy and mass communication, particularly in the field of administering propaganda and censoring the press, and has a terror inspiring police force for controlling the population. As described by the historian Robert Pearce, "…a fully totalitarian government controls the whole life of its citizens.
Furthermore, a totalitarianism based government is a dictatorship, on in which the dictator is not limited by constitutional laws or further opposition. "Big Brother is watching you" (Orwell 3). Why is Big Brother so concerned with the surveillance of its citizens? In 1984 the journey of one individual, Winston Smith is narrated. His life characterizes the recklessness and deprivation of totalitarian...
However, it involves national supremacy; the belief that the state is more important than the individual which is most unlike communism. This calls for a centralized autocratic government (single party with complete responsibility and authority over the nation) headed by a dictatorial leader such as Mussolini, severe economic and social regimentation, and forceful suppression of rebellious individuals or actions. It promotes civil unity and cults of such natures and pursues a national rebirth by restraining individual interests of the citizens and is frequently “concerned with cultural
On 30 January 1933, the German president, Paul von Hindenburg, selected Adolf Hitler to be the head of the government. This was very unexpected. Hitler was the leader of an extreme right-wing political party, the National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) Party. Hitler sought to expand Germany with new territories and boundaries. Hitler also focused on rebuilding Germany’s military strength. In many speeches Hitler made, he spoke often about the value of “racial purity” and the dominance of the Aryan master race. The Nazi’s spread their racist beliefs in schools through textbooks, radios, new...
Support for the Nazi party was due to the growing belief that it was a
For a historian, the 20th century and all the historic events that it encompasses represents a utopia with endless sources of inspiration for the analysis of political figures, events and their consequences. Political figures such as Benito Mussolini of Italy, Adolf Hitler of Germany, Mao Zedong of China and Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union are all names we are familiar with due to the time period that they influenced; this time period after the trauma and atrocities of World War I and the Great Depression led to completely new forms of government in Europe and beyond. These “manifestations of political evil”, commonly known as totalitarian states, should not be considered as mere extensions of already existing political systems, but rather as completely new forms of government built upon terror and ideological fiction. Therefore, this was also a time in which political philosophers such as Hannah Arendt, the author of the standard work on totalitarianism, “Origins of Totalitarianism”, could thrive. When looking at totalitarianism as a political philosophy, two initial questions have to be dealt with: what is totalitarianism and what kind of effect it has on countries ruled by totalitarian regimes.
The extent to which Nazi Germany was a totalitarian state can be classed as to a substantial amount. With Hitler as Fuhrer and his ministers in control of most aspects of German social, political, legal, economical, and cultural life during the years 1934 to 1939, they mastered complete control and dictation upon Germany.
...ies through laws, policies, and campaigns enabled Adolf Hitler to charismatically lead the German nation as a totalitarian dictator, and control German life under the state. All aspects of Hitler’s governance provided an element of a totalitarian state from political principles to personal lives. During the years of The Third Reich, Hitler essentially remained the unchallenged Fuhrer of Nazi Germany and established a totalitarian state.