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Introduction to polio research essay
Introduction to polio research essay
Introduction to polio research essay
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Polio is a virus that may cause the victim to be paralyzed. “In the 1950s Jonas Salk created a vaccine that was 80-90% effective in preventing Polio”, as said in the book History of Poliomyelitis by John Paul. Now in the 21st century Polio is very rare and there is zero known cases in the US. Jonas Salk used many different versions of the virus to create different Vaccines that could possibly work in destroying polio. Before the creation of the Polio vaccine it was not rare for someone to have been diagnosed. Daniel Salk, Jonas’s eldest son, was diagnosed with Polio, which caused him to experiment on his family first. Many kids were being affected by polio and many people wanted to find a way to prevent the virus, which is exactly what Jonas Edward Salk did. Salk created the Polio Vaccine to prevent the future generations from having …show more content…
Many people were scared to come out of there homes in fear that they would “catch” poliomyelitis. The impact of no one coming out of their homes’ was no one was moving in fear of the virus. This caused the tourist companies, Real Estate and small businesses to lose money. Jobs were also a problem that people diagnosed with polio had to deal with, basically the people affected by Polio were never guaranteed a future. “All those people that were stricken with polio were out of the work force.” As said by Nora Hetterick. The IPV also helped the world save money, if eight million people were vaccinated, that means over billions of dollars are saved on treatments and there are gains in productivity. Since the year 1988 over 99% of polio was reduced, and in several years polio will be eradicated, only small, low income countries have yet to be treated. A little more than 200 cases have been filed since the vaccine ,and all of the cases have occurred to people over fifteen years of age. Polio ,in very short terms, was a pandemic until Jonas
Polio, formerly known as poliomyelitis, an infectious viral disease that affects the central nervous system and can cause temporary or permanent paralysis. A debilitating disease that was once the affliction of our very own republic. David Oshinsky’s Polio: An American Story chronicles polio’s progression in the United States, a feat it does quite well throughout the course of the novel.
Moreover polio is a deadly disease that is caused by a highly contagious virus entering the nervous system in the brain or spinal cord causing temporary or permanent paralysis. There are three
Polio: An American Story describes a struggle to find a vaccine on polio through several researchers’ lives, and over the course of many years. The second thesis is the struggle between Salk and Sabin, two bitter rivals who had their own vaccine that they believed would cure polio. The author David M. Oshinsky, is describing how difficult it was to find the cure to a horrifying disease, which lasted from the Great Depression until the 1960’s. Oshinsky then writes about how foundations formed as fundraisers, to support polio research. Lastly, the author demonstrates how researchers were forced to back track on multiple occasions, to learn more about polio.
Jonas Salk, a virologist at the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (NFIP), used inactivated viruses (virus particles grown in culture and then killed by a form of heat) to create a polio vaccine. Salk drew blood from about two million children, which the NFIP checked for immunization. Through the collection of many HeLa cells and trial and error, the polio vaccine was ready in a year.... ... middle of paper ... ...
The death rate was on the decline and life expectancy rose during this period. New medical developments were made with the federal funding of medical research in which penicillin and streptomycin were developed. These advancements in medicine have cured many bacterial infections and severe illnesses. Later, in 1952, Jonas Salk introduced a polio vaccine. There was a vast migratory pattern among many Americans during this time period.
The Polio Journals: Lessons from My Mother, by Anne K. Gross, is the heartbreaking and emotional version of one woman’s life as a polio survivor. Carol Greenfeld Rosenstiel, the author’s mother, contracted polio in 1927 at the young age of two. From then until her death from lung cancer in 1985, Carol Rosenstiel was a paraplegic, suffering paralysis below the waist. She did successfully marry, raise children, and enjoy a profession as a concert musician while confined to a wheelchair. She kept journals that Anne Gross used, after her mother’s death, to reminisce her mother’s life. She was encouraged by her courageous and pitiless efforts to attain recognition in the world of the non-disabled.
One of the other notable important advances was the “Conquest of Polio” this disease usually caused paralysis in the people who contracted the virus. Back then there...
Poliomyelitis was the term used by doctors to describe the condition in which the gray (polios) anterior matter of the spinal chord (myelos) was inflamed (-itis). Until a cure was discovered, no one had the slightest idea where "polio" had come from or why it paralyzed so many children. People learned later that, oddly enough, it was the improved sanitary conditions which caused children to be attacked by the virus. Since people were no longer in contact with open sewers and other unsanitary conditions which had exposed them to small amounts of the polio virus as infants, when paralysis is rare, the dis...
In the United States there was a vicious enemy everyone feared. In the 1950s the United States was under attack by the ruthless Poliomyelitis virus. Americans lived in constant fear of their children contracting this horrible virus that left many children paralyzed. During the outbreaks in the 1950s foundations were created to fund research and create awareness to help find a way to eradicate the virus. Americans become focused on doing anything in their power to fight this virus off. Jonas Salk’s Exploration of Medicine and research led to the creation of the Polio vaccine that united the country, prevented further outbreaks, and introduced a new form of treatment which has limited the fatality of polio infections today.
Poliomyelitis is a virus that infects the nerves of the spinal cord, and brain which leads to paralysis and or death (Piddock, 2004). Poliomyelitis is best known today as Polio, and Infantile Paralysis. Tonsillectomy polio would take over the lymph nodes in order to spread the infection throughout the body, leading to muscle paralysis in the limbs, and in some cases respiratory failure. Bulbar polio was a much more severe form, it affected the top of the spinal cord which caused paralysis and inability to swallow fluids (Rifkind, 2005). Polio was transmitted through ingesting materials contaminated by the virus found in feces. Children would play in public swimming pools, and ingest the contaminated water which lead to infection (Piddock, 2004). After the person ingested the virus, it would travel their intestinal tract, and eventually compromise their lymph nodes, making them unable to fight off the virus. Symptoms were like those of the flu, such as fever, headache, and upset stomach. The minority of people were able to let the virus run its course and it would be passed through their feces like any other virus. Others weren’t so lucky, those with compromised immune systems were unable to fight off the virus, the lymph nodes would fail to protect the nervous system causing paralysis once it reached the spinal cord (Piddock, 2004). Poliomyelitis has since then been eliminated in the United States because of the polio vaccine that is giv...
Polio is a viral disease. It cripples thousands of people and infects even more every year. Even though millions are inoculated, and the polio disease has been successfully purged from hundreds of countries still thousands of people and developing countries are infected and still people are dying. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) polio affects the Central Nervous System, or CNS; by infesting the intestines and transmitting it into the nerves thought the blood vessels. There the virus spreads through the nerve cells to the brain stem or other motor units, while forever damaging the nerves.
Vaccines have been used to prevent diseases for centuries, and have saved countless lives of children and adults. The smallpox vaccine was invented as early as 1796, and since then the use of vaccines has continued to protect us from countless life threatening diseases such as polio, measles, and pertussis. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2010) assures that vaccines are extensively tested by scientist to make sure they are effective and safe, and must receive the approval of the Food and Drug Administration before being used. “Perhaps the greatest success story in public health is the reduction of infectious diseases due to the use of vaccines” (CDC, 2010). Routine immunization has eliminated smallpox from the globe and led to the near removal of wild polio virus. Vaccines have reduced some preventable infectious diseases to an all-time low, and now few people experience the devastating effects of measles, pertussis, and other illnesses.
Could you imagine being stricken by a deadly virus, that if you survived, you would not be able to walk without any assistance? In 1938, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s personal struggle with infantile paralysis led him to create the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (NFIP) which would help find a treatment for infantile paralysis, which is better known as polio. This virus was usually contracted during childhood, and attacked the central nervous system, which if the victim did survive, he or she would then usually suffer from debilitating paralysis well into their lives. Major polio epidemics had been very prevalent in many parts of the United States since the late nineteenth century, but the poliomyelitis virus has since been mostly eradicated in the United States. Although, polio has been mostly eradicated in the United States, this virus is still very prevalent in developing countries throughout the world. This foundation has since been given the name March of Dimes, which was coined early in the foundation’s history. Although, March of Dimes now focuses on the prevention of premature births, birth defects, and infant mortality, when it first was created, its original mission was to raise funds for a poliomyelitis vaccine and, once the vaccine was created, to prevent the negative effects of the vaccine.
Poliomyelitis, also known as Polio, is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus that attacks the nervous system. Most victims to this disease are younger than five years of age; they are more likely to get this disease than any other age group. Out of two hundred people infected with the polio disease one is most likely to result in paralysis. The Polio Virus has decreased greatly since the Polio Vaccine was developed. In 2010 a WHO (World Health Organization) pole reported only 1,352 cases worldwide. Since the Polio Vaccine was developed the U.S has not has a single Polio case since 1979.
Jonas Salk M.D. developed the polio vaccine. Salk's vaccine was composed of a "killed" polio virus. This virus kept the ability to immunize while preventing the infection of the patient. Later a "live" vaccine was developed from the live polio virus. This "live" vaccine could be administered orally as opposed to the "killed" vaccine which required an injection. There was some evidence that the "killed" vaccine didn't completely eliminate the virus in the patient. United States public health authorities decided to distribute the oral "live" vaccine to eliminate the polio virus instead of Salk's "killed" vaccine. Unfortunately, the "live" vaccine infected some people instead of immunizing. Countries that used Salk's "killed" vaccine have nearly eradicated the virus.