History Of Bus Rapid Transit

1. INTRODUCTION
The following is the literature review of the Bus Rapid Transit that is being implemented throughout the world. The concept of the Bus Rapid Transit first started in Brazil in the city called Curitiba in the early 1970’s, and through its success many nations throughout the world adopted this idea of the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). The idea behind this massive innovation was to implement a public transport that will connect the out-casted people with the people in the inner-city, and also to use the transport that integrate people and also to upgrade infrastructural development in different cities. This literature review will dwell on different articles that were written about the Bus Rapid Transit and amalgamate them to come up

The first aim of the BRT in South Africa was to reduce the travelling times and travelling cost of the passengers. The second thing was that BRT was introduced to enhance options for finding work and reaching other activities especially for people who were disadvantaged before like disabled people. The third reason was to enhance safety or environmental benefits. The fourth reason for the implementation of BRT in South Africa was to finance infrastructure investment programme in order to do what is called urban regeneration and upliftment, this was done by improving and upgrading roads and intersections and provision of cycle ways parallel to bus lanes and also to upgrade stations through redevelopment and landscaping (Vaz and Venter 2012: 620). According to Vaz and Venter (2012: 620) “the employment benefits might accrue to workers within the transport industry depending on the extent to which BRT replaces existing public transport services and re-employs low-wage workers at better pay scales or under better working

Looking at the improvement of the public transport the BRT creates an opportunity to reduce the number of cars that are used in the cities, and that work hand in hand with the reduction of air pollution and it also increase the public space in the main cities (Forshaw 2010: 108). The Rea Vaya offers flexibility because the number of passengers changes every time and the Rea Vaya system capacity operations can be easily modified. The Rea Vaya bus system cost less to implement than any other massive transportation it also has lower operating costs this means that it is affordable and it also help reduce the transport costs burden of the urban poor (Mauganidze 2011: