Herpes Simplex
The herpes simplex virus is an infection that can appear in various parts of your body. There are two types of herpes, herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2. Herpes virus type 1 typically causes oral herpes and herpes virus type 2 is responsible for genital breakouts. The herpes simplex virus is contagious and is passed from person to person through direct contact with the virus.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 can spread through mucosal surfaces or skin sites. For example, eating from the same utensils, sharing lip balm, kissing, and receiving oral sex from someone with a cold sore. Herpes simplex virus type 2 can spread by sexual contact with someone who already has the herpes simplex virus type 2. (Dock, 2017) For example, it can be spread through genital secretions.
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People who have herpes simplex type 1 are usually asymptomatic.
When they do have a breakout, the lesions are painful and can last up to 10 to 14 days. Lesions tend to recur at the same site. Herpes simplex virus type 2 causes lesions on the genitals, pain with intercourse and urination and pain around the genitals. Both the type 1 and type 2 viruses can also cause a fever, swollen lymph nodes, headaches, tiredness and lack of appetite. (Klein, 2016; Dock, 2017)
Once you have the virus, the virus remains in a latent state within the nerve cell bodies in ganglion neurons and can reactivate at any future time. The reactivation frequency and severity depends on immunodeficiency status and stress levels. (Klein, 2016)
“There is no cure for the herpes simplex virus. However, there are medications that can prevent or shorten outbreaks. One of these anti-herpes medicines can be taken daily, and it makes it less likely that you will pass the infection onto your sex partner(s).” (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017) With anti-viral medications, herpes simplex can be
manageable. The complications of herpes simplex virus are rare but can be very serious such as aseptic meningitis. (CDC, 2017) Developing more genital lesions can cause suprainfection, and newborns are at risk for complications when pregnant women are exposed to the Herpes simplex virus. Herpes simplex virus type 2 can adversely interfere with relationships because of fear, embarrassment and shame. To prevent herpes simplex virus type 1 there are several things one can do such as not sharing lip balm, cups, towels, silverware, clothing and makeup, as well as not participating in oral sex or kissing and thorough hand washing. (Dock, 2017) To prevent the spread of herpes simplex type 2, one should avoid vaginal, oral, and anal sex during breakouts. To lower risk of exposure, sexually active people can wear a condom or be in a long-term monogamous relationship. Herpes simplex virus type 2 is common in the United States. (CDC, 2017) “CDC estimates that, annually, 776,000 people in the United States get new herpes infections. Nationwide, 15.7% of persons aged 14 to 49 years have HSV-2 infection, however, the prevalence of genital herpes infection is higher than that because an increasing number of genital herpes infections are caused by HSV-1.” (CDC, 2017) The herpes simplex virus type 2 is more common in women than men because genital infection is easily transmitted from men to women than women to men. (CDC, 2017)
Bell’s palsy is a paralysis or weakness of the muscles on one side of your face. It results from damage to the nerve that controls movement of the muscles in the face, the damage may also affect your sense of taste and how you make tears and saliva. This condition can come on, often overnight and usually gets better on its own within a few weeks. This is not a result of a stroke or transient ischemic attack. This is referred to as a (TIA). Palsy simply means weakness or paralysis,
Most people in the U.S. learn STDs in their health class in high school. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that causes sores over private parts or all over the body in a later stage. Syphilis is caused by a bacteria called spirochete. The spirochete cannot survive outside the body. The only way to get the disease is by intimate contact, but catching it is rare. Having more than one partner could increase the chances to catch the disease. The spirochete enters in a break in your skin genitals area or mouth. Once in your body, about three weeks it becomes a sore or have multiple sores. The sore looks like a crater on the surface of the skin. In the first stage it can be treated easily with antibiotics or penicillin. The second stage the syphilis spreads to the rest of the body. It is visible in your hand and soles on your feet. It can cause cardio-vascular disease, mental problems, paralysis, blindness and tumors. Syphilis has links to HIV/AIDS. It also attacks your nervous system. After infection it takes 21 to develop any symptoms for other people it takes from 10 to ninety days. It acts like no other disease known. The last stage is the deadliest if ignored, by the person. The damage obtained by syphilis is irreversible. By practicing safe sex (condoms), or having one sex partner can prevent these
Other ways hepatitis A can be transmitted from person to person are through direct contact with an infected person, such as sexual contact, and sharing of needles for intravenous drug use. Hepatitis A can also be transmitted by coming in contact with contaminated food or water. Also, foods that are uncooked or undercooked and have been contaminated with Hepatitis A can transmit the virus. Bennett, A. J.,2016; World Health Organization, 2017) Hepatitis A can affect a person of any age group.
...ell wall synthesis (8). Individuals who are allergic to Penicillin can be treated with alternative oral antibiotics such as Tetracycline or Doxycycline (3). These antibiotics work by inhibiting protein synthesis (8). During the course of treatment the individual should abstain from sexual contact with their partner until there are no sign and symptoms of the disease or confirmation of a negative blood work. Also individuals should be annually tested and receive necessary treatment if needed to reduce the risk of infecting others (6). Syphilis can be prevented in many ways. First and foremost is by being in a mutually monogamous relationship, the correct use of latex condoms if you are not in a monogamous relationship, also by providing education about the damages the disease can cause and how it can be prevented by not spreading the disease with one another (6).
and ears, and in the mouth and pharynx. The causative virus has been shown to be
According to Medline Plus, the herpes simplex virus, also known as HSV, causes the infection known as Herpes. There are two types of HSV; there is Oral herpes that causes cold sores around the mouth or face and Oral herpes, or HSV 1, usually causes cold sores, however it is quite easy to transmit this disease to the genital area and can cause genital herpes. There is also HSV 2 and that is the usual cause of genital herpes, and like HSV 1, HSV 2 can infect the mouth. HSV 2 is also known as genital herpes and can affects the anal, buttocks or genital areas. This is a sexually transmitted disease, however there are other herpes infections that can affect the eyes, skin, or other parts of the body. Herpes can be dangerous in newborn babies or in individuals with weak immune systems.
Herpes Simplex is a common virus that causes infection in humans. This virus is spread in both humans and animals. However, humans are the primary reservoirs for HSV and are the only ones that experience any symptoms. There are two types of Herpes Simplex known as HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 primarily causes oral herpes while HSV-2 causes genital herpes.1 This virus is easily contracted and often during one’s childhood. Unfortunately, this virus is latent and reoccurs every so often, more so during times of stress. Herpes Simplex is a mild infection for most, however, this virus can lead to many serious complications.
symptoms are not always present, you may be infected with gonorrhea and not know it. If present, symptoms may appear within 2 to 14 days. Fifty percent of people with gonorrhea show no symptoms. Men are more likely than women to show signs of infection. Gonorrhea in men can cause painful urination, creamy or green pus-like penile discharge, and testicular pain.
To some people these may be seen as a small bumps on the lip. Doctors call this kind of lip blister a cold sore virus. It may come with muscle aches, headaches as well as tiny red pimples on the vaginal or penis area. In this case, this is called genital herpes, and it’s transmitted sexually.
Nearly 1 in 3 Americans will develop a shingles infection at some point in their lifetime, according to statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. While shingles is often associated with those over the age of 50, anyone who has had chicken pox is at risk for developing the viral infection, even children on rare occasions. As such, it's important to not only understand the causes of shingles and potential treatment options for the condition, but also the internal and external symptoms of the infection.
Pathogens are a type of microorganism that spreads viral and bacterial diseases. These diseases when present in human blood and body fluids are known as blood borne pathogens, and can spread from one person to another. (Worcester polytechnic institute) The most serious types of blood borne diseases are the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), which can cause liver damage; and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), which is responsible for causing AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). The blood borne pathogens can be spread when the blood or body fluids (semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk, and amniotic fluid) of an infected individual comes into contact with mucous membranes or an open sore or cut on the skin of another person. Mucus membranes are located in the eyes, nose, mouth, and other areas as well. ("Bloodborne pathogens: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia") Two of the most common ways that pathogens are transmitted is through the exchange of fluids during sexual intercourse or by sharing infected IV needles. (Worcester polytechnic institute)
Young adolescents do not understand that genital herpes is highly contagious and can be passed without them knowing. There are two types of herpes viruses: “type-1 which usually causes cold sores on the lips and mouth, and type-2 which usually causes genital herpes (Wee 2).
...or children. The specific way of transmission is difficult to identify. Most common assumptions have been that transmission has occurred through skin lesions or by sharing blood contaminated objects. Infected saliva is another source of infection especially as a non-parental infection. The virus has the ability to enter a healthy body as an airborne disease by coughing and sneezing, from mouth-to-mouth kissing, biting or by sharing chewed toys and candies [2, airborn]
Viruses can be transmitted in many ways. Being in contact with an infected person will most likely transfer the virus. One can also obtain the virus through swallowing, inhaling, and unsafe sex. Poor hygiene and eating habits usually increase the risk of catching a viral infection. Contracting a viral infection is followed by adverse s...
Recent research shows that, there are three major means by which infections can be transmitted and they include direct transmission, indirect transmission and airborne transmission (Hinman,Wasserheit and Kamb,1995). Direct transmission occurs when the physical contact between an infected person and s susceptible person takes place (division of public health, 2011). An example is a health care worker who attends to an Ebola patient, without gloves, gown and mask plus forget to wash his or her hand with soap and hot water and or a person having flu without the use of mask or washes his hand after sneezing easily passes the infection to the other through hand shake or surface touch, living the bacteria there for another vulnerable person to also touch if the surface is not disinfected with bleach. Studies makes it clear that, the spreads takes effect when disease-causing microorganisms pass from the infected person to the healthy person through direct physical contact such as touching of blood, body fluids, contact with oral secretion, bites kissing, contact with body lesions and even sexual contact. However, measles and chicken pox are said to be conditions spread by direct