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Balance between work and home life
Balance between work and home life
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Hearts of Darkness
I walked in the door with shaky hands and my heart beating a mile a minute. The building was beautifully decorated and I felt very out of place. I had never had a job before and was nervous that busing tables at a country club wasn't really for me. I walked into the linen room and put on my burgundy bus coat for the first time. Now I was feeling more excited than nervous. I would meet people and learn new things. Maybe this would not be so bad.
Everyone seemed very nice and another bus girl offered to give me a tour. We went to the main dining room, a smaller dining room, the bar and the kitchen. She told me not to spend too much time there because the Mexican guys were kind of scary. I thought that was a mean thing to say but I listened and didn't even say hello to them.
After a few days I became curious about why she had said to stay away from the guys in the kitchen. I asked around and heard a lot of rumors about sexual harassment. I decided to say hello to some of the Hispanic men anyway and not listen to the rumors. I wanted to find out firsthand if they were true.
The first man I saw was short with dark, shoulder-length hair. I said hello and he replied with a shy Hola. When I saw the next man, I said, "Hola" very enthusiastically to let him know I wanted to be friends. He replied with the same and a very broad smile. I decided then that I did not need to listen to other people. These men seemed very nice.
From then on I always said hello to my new friends in the kitchen. I'd had two years of Spanish at school and could somewhat
communicate with them. I learned their names and a little about their lives. My favorite person at the club turned out to be Felipe, one of the chefs. He was the nicest person I had ever met. He always yelled Chreeeessy! when I came in the kitchen and gave me a huge hug. He would ask me how I was and how my soccer team was doing. I learned that he had a wife and a son.
According to Marx, estranged labor occurs when an individual partakes in the production of an object that “confronts it as something alien, as a power independent of the producer” (Marx, 1844). Due to this objectification of labor, which results in labor being established outside of the producer, Marx suggests that this is translated into the separation between an individual and the object that he or she has created. As such, under the capitalist mode of production, the individual is unable to connect with his or her labor. This contrasted strongly against Marx’s statement in The German Ideology (1932) that the individual is a free and self-realized being who makes labor an object of his free choice and consciousness.
In order to show the potential harms of division of labor, Tocqueville presented an example about making pin head. He believed that a worker, who make pin heads over twenty years, wouldn’t do more but making pin heads. The reason is, In the process of division of labor, the pin heads maker only consider about doing his job, the job limits his ideas and views. In this situation, the worker is not belonging to himself but belonging to the job.
Marx’s estrangement of worker and Durkheim’s anomic division of labor refer to somewhat similar ideas. In a society where capitalism dominates the way it functions, where private ownership of modes of production determines the profit one can earn, and accumulation of wealth in a few hands leads to separation of worker from his work. It can be categorized as the estrangement of worker from the product, his work, his identity as a human being and estrangement from the bourgeois (other members of the society). Worker finds product of his own work as an alien and hostile object, most of the time the price of the product is so high that he cannot even buy it for his own use. His work only means a means of survival for him that means less creativity and personal involvement in the work. Worker finds other members of the society who own means of the production as alien and hostile. He sees them enjoying the ...
was how workers in capitalism are alienated from their work .It covers 4 forms of
Richard Williams proposed that the issue of human freedom be re-conceptualized. Rejecting the traditional view of self-direction as the possibility of choosing among alternatives, Williams suggested that we ground our understanding of individual freedom in morality. In this view, human freedom is enhanced as one "lives truthfully." Truthful living runs counter to self-deception and thereby opens the way for greater freedom, which is fundamentally concerned with being, or existing. It is also concerned with doing or choosing, but only as such individual actions harmonize with an already existing schema of existence When the act of choosing results in self-deception, one cannot automatically assume that choice has been exercised. If deception occurs, one has merely used the freedom to choose to step out of the arena in which it exists. The Aristotelian ethics concurs with the basic tenets of Williams' philosophy.
For example, we work 10 to 12-hour work days (Module 10, Alienation at Work). This is true, truck drivers drive for long hours. They are more likely to be alienated since most of their day is occupied on the road delivering loads. Drivers have less power because they need to work, they need to get the job done since work is essential. Karl Marx notes that work is compulsory, not voluntary (Module 10, Marxist Concept of Alienation). For example, drivers are told what loads to deliver they do not chose to do it, rather they are told what to do. Thus, leading to the idea that we are controlled by someone else. Truck drivers are controlled by dispatch and Marx calls this the workers “essence” (Module 10, Marxist Concept of Alienation). What they produce does not belong to them, thus creating alienation from work and the production. Drivers are creating something not for themselves, but for someone else, in particular their employer. Alienation is about how work is organized, we can see that for truck drivers work can be alienating. Drivers tend to be separated and left alone; told what to do.
The novel, Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, is literally about Marlow’s journey into the Belgian Congo, but symbolically about the discovery of his heart and soul during his journey, only to find that it is consumed by darkness. He realizes that the man he admired and respected most, is really demonic and that he may be just like him. He is able to come to this realization however, before it takes the best of him.
In Marx’s early works, he spoke of the alienation of man from his own essence. He then went on discussing alienation as the experience of isolation resulting from powerlessness when he wrote ...
Marx, Karl. "The Alienation of Labor." Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844. Richard Hooker, 1996: 1-9.
Marx’s theory of alienation describes the separation of things that naturally belong together. For Marx, alienation is experienced in four forms. These include alienation from ones self, alienation from the work process, alienation from the product and alienation from other people. Workers are alienated from themselves because they are forced to sell their labor for a wage. Workers are alienated from the process because they don’t own the means of production. Workers are alienated from the product because the product of labor belongs to the capitalists. Workers do not own what they produce. Workers are alienated from other people because in a capitalist economy workers see each other as competition for jobs. Thus for Marx, labor is simply a means to an end.
Dualism is the idea that there are two kinds of reality. There is material or physical and there is immaterial or spiritual categories that are distinct and separate from one another. The idea of Dualism can be traced back to Plato and Aristotle, but was precisely defined by Rene Descartes in the 17th century. Descartes proposed that there was in fact a mind that had conscious thoughts and awareness and that there was the physical body that one could see. Descartes’ thoughts and ideas proposed that the ideas, consciousness, and self- awareness that make up the mind, are in fact different from the brain. Other theories that were proposed at this time include materialism, and reductive physicalism. The ideas of dualism, that the mind and the brain (the body) are two separate entities are the most logical in addressing the issues of interaction, evolution and the idea of multiple minds.
Alienation, in Marxist terms, refers to the separation of the mass of wage workers from the products of their own labor. Marx first expressed the idea, somewhat poetically, in his 1844 Manuscripts: "The object that labor produces, its product, stands opposed to it as something alien, as a power independent of the producer."
In the novel Heart of Darkness, there are several themes including Good versus Evil, Power, Femininity, and Fate. Two themes are further prevalent and significant. These themes are restraint and identity. They are the two most noteworthy themes in the book because both capitalize on the complexity and flaws of human nature.
Alienation can be described as a condition where a person becomes foreign to the world it lives in, or not feeling a part of a group or society (isolation). However, alienation can also be understood as a condition when the mind is isolated from its surroundings. According to Marx, alienation is “the process whereby the worker is made to feel foreign to the products of his/her own labor” (Marx), in other words; the lack of identity with the products of their labor and a sense of being controlled. Marx describes four types of alienation; alienation from the product of labor, alienation from the act of producing itself, alienation from his or her "essence as a species", and alienation of the worker from other workers.
This estrangement, or alienation, from your humanity occurs from being a mechanistic part of society. It appears and works together in different and institutions of life such as religion, the state, and the economy. The fundamentals of alienation, in the perspective of production in a capitalist society, states that a worker loses their ability to decide their own life and destiny, when their right be in charge of their own actions, establish and label relationship with others, and produce their own labor are deprived (Lowe). Instead of working on things they willingly chose to do, the activities they participate in is those determined by the bourgeoisie. The worker, as one aspect of the economy, is directed to goals of the bourgeoisie so that they can use the worker up to their full potential (Lowe). According to Marx, the bourgeoisie are the capitalist class who own most of society’s wealth and means of production, while the proletariats are the