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Themes and symbolism in Joseph Conrad The Heart of Darkness
Character of kurtz in heart of darkness
Character of kurtz in heart of darkness
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Light, unlike in A Christmas Carol, is not necessarily virtuous in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. The narrator is on Nellie, and beginning at sunset, Marlow suddenly starts, “And this also has been one of the dark places of the earth,” (pg. 2, para. 5) while stranded on the flooded Thames River. He tells about his dark journey to the heart of darkness (outside meaning the center of Africa). He takes over another person’s responsibility to visit the Interior and meets two women knitting black yarn. He then meets a doctor who asks if there was "ever any madness in [Marlow's] family," (pg. 9, para. 1). Later, he hears that Kurtz, the man he is meeting, is a man of greatness and it sounds like he has more ivory than any others in the world. Marlow also informs us that he scorns lies. He finally sets off and into the journey, and on the way there, they have several delays and one anticipated attack on their ship, killing a helmsman. Marlow finally arrives at the station, and meets a person that reminded him of a harlequin. The harlequin told him that Kurtz “enlarged [his] mind,” (pg. 48, para. 2) and that people don’t talk with Kurtz, they listen to him. He then hears snippets of conversation from Kurtz: “Save me! –save the ivory, you mean…Why, I’ve had to save you. You are interrupting my plans now. Sick! Sick! Not so sick as you would like to believe. Never mind. I’ll carry my ideas out yet—I will return. I’ll show you what can be done… I will return. I…” The night before they plan to take Kurtz away, he tries to run away so he cannot be taken away by Marlow and the Company. He does not succeed; however, because he is already weak and frail from sickness and madness, and Marlow finds him and successfully takes him to the ship. Ha...
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...rator says, “Marlow ceased, and sat apart, indistinct and silent, in the pose of a meditating Buddha,” (pg. 70, para. 10).
I give this book five out of ten stars because Conrad uses too much circumlocution and the beginning was unbearably dragging. I had to read it three times through to get what Conrad meant half of the book. Kurtz being Jupiter, Marlow being the Buddha, and the whole purpose of the book getting turned upside down are all part of the scheme behind the story. Later, Marlow meets “the Intended,” who is Kurtz’s fiancée, and she claims that “I knew him best” (pg. 68, para. 4) “He needed me! Me!” (pg. 69, para. 16). When she wants to know what Kurtz’s last words were, Marlow lied because “It would have been too dark—too dark altogether….” (pg. 70, para. 9) and said they were her name, and she painfully replies, “I knew it—I was sure!” (pg. 70, para. 9).
Marlow is described to have “sunken cheeks, a yellow complexion, a straight back, an ascetic aspect, and, with his arms dropped the palms of hands outward, resembled an idol.” (p.4).
Joseph Conrad's novel Heart of Darkness uses character development and character analysis to really tell the story of European colonization. Within Conrad's characters one can find both racist and colonialist views, and it is the opinion, and the interpretation of the reader which decides what Conrad is really trying to say in his work.
When Marlow finally reaches Kurtz he is in declining health. This same jungle which he loved, embraced and consumed with every ounce of his flesh had also taken its toll on him. Marlow finally meets the man whose name has haunted him on his river journey. Could this frail human be the ever so powerful Kurtz? The man who has journeyed into uncharted territories and has come back with scores of ivory and the respect of the native tribe. Yes, this was the very man and though he is weak and on his way to death his power still exudes from him.
In Heart of Darkness, all of Joseph Conrad’s characters seem to have morally ambiguous tendencies. The most prominently morally ambiguous character is Kurtz, whose distance from society changes his principles, and leads him to lose all sense of decorum. Conrad takes a cynical tone when describing Marlow's journey. Marlow's voyage through the Congo gives him insight to the horrific, dehumanizing acts that his company and Kurtz conduct. Conrad creates a parallel with the tone of his writing and the misanthropic feelings that the main character experiences. Furthermore, Conrad creates a frame story between Kurtz and Marlow, adding to the symbolism and contrast between contextual themes of light and dark, moral and immoral, and civilization and wilderness. After being sent on a horrific journey into the Congo of Africa, as an agent for the Company to collect ivory, Marlow finds the infamous and mysterious Kurtz. Kurtz, who has totally withdrawn from society, and has withdrawn
Marlow sits in Mr. Kurtz’s fiancée’s parlor, observing the Intended as she stretches her arms across a window. The simple gesture reminds Marlow of Kurtz’s mistress in the Congo, the one “bedecked with powerless charms, stretching bare brown arms over the glitter of the infernal stream, the stream of darkness” (71). He watches the Intended as she mourns the loss of her lover and then realizes that he must lie to her to prevent shattering her heart. Throughout The Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad supports William Saroyan’s quote, “Despise evil and ungodliness, but not men of ungodliness or evil. These understand,” by illustrating the varying degree of savageness in men; he reveals the goodness in men one expects to be evil through his depiction of Africans.
The voyage into the "Heart of Darkness" is told to us through the eyes of Charlie Marlow. As Marlow is aboard the "Nellie" he tells his story of expedition and growth. The men on the boat sit still yet bored. Marlow is like an old man sharing a story of his childhood, that for himself may be of great significance, and lead to a lesson, but the children yearn to hear a story of magic, castles and sword fights. Joseph Conrad uses Marlow's character to get across and express his own opinion.
As Marlow assists the reader in understanding the story he tells, many inversions and contrasts are utilized in order to increase apperception of the true meaning it holds. One of the most commonly occurring divergences is the un orthodox implications that light and dark embody. Conrad’s Heart of Darkness brims with paradoxes and symbolism throughout its entirety, with the intent of assisting the reader in comprehending the truth of not only human nature, but of the world.
The most basic myth of the Buddha's enlightenment tells of a prince, Sidhartha, who grows up entirely sheltered and content until he finally beholds suffering. Yet, at this same time, he sees an enlightened monk who radiates peace and joy. Sidhartha can not comprehend how in a world with such suffering one could be so happy, and so he leaves home to search for understanding. Marlow, on the other hand, as " 'a little chap... had a passion for maps' " (21). He departs for no better reason than to see wh...
Without personal access to authors, readers are left to themselves to interpret literature. This can become challenging with more difficult texts, such as Joseph Conrad’s novella Heart of Darkness. Fortunately, literary audiences are not abandoned to flounder in pieces such as this; active readers may look through many different lenses to see possible meanings in a work. For example, Conrad’s Heart of Darkness may be deciphered with a post-colonial, feminist, or archetypal mindset, or analyzed with Freudian psycho-analytic theory. The latter two would effectively reveal the greater roles of Kurtz and Marlow as the id and the ego, respectively, and offer the opportunity to draw a conclusion about the work as a whole.
On one hand, Marlow is saved by his self-discipline while on the other hand Kurtz is doomed by his lack of it. Before Marlow embarked on his voyage to Africa, he had a different view. Due to propaganda, he believed that the colonization of the Congo was for the greater good. In his head, he judged that the people of Africa were savages and that colonization would bring them the elation and riches of civilization. Despite an apparent uneasiness, he assumed that restraint would function there.
King Leopold II of Belgium is known for being one of the most brutal racists in history. His inhumane treatment of Africans in the Congo was revealed in photographs that surfaced and that were taken to emphasize his cruel behavior over the Africans in the Congo. His motive for this inhumanity was pure greed. Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, although does not embody the vicious behavior of King Leopold II, contributes to the racism of that period in other ways. Because of this, the novel can be interpreted in different ways from a racism standpoint. In my opinion, I both agree and disagree with Chinua Achebe’s statements concerning Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, and feel that it can be viewed in some ways as both racist or not racist.
This sight angers Marlow, and when he gets to Kurtz, it’s too late. Even he has been pulled in by the darkness. Conrad makes an effective distinction between Marlow and Kurtz.
Heart of Darkness. That title rings with agony, loneliness, and the sense of evil. The words produce an image of a black heart entangled with unbreakable vines. To have a heart that is figuratively black and bounded to the ties of evil is a bitter and deathly symbol. Who could possibly have that heart? Joseph Conrad, for example, was a man with a heart of darkness. His life reeked with self deception and inner conflicts. Conrad’s book, Heart of Darkness is based upon imperialism and racism. Racism is cleverly hidden within the text, but imperialism is innocently depicted as the civilization of the Congolese people. Conrad’s writing can be interpreted two different ways. One approach is the reader might interpret his writing as an attack on the Europeans as the imperialists trying to help the Congolese, but the African people refuse their help. In contrast, the other approach might be that they feel sympathetic to the Congolese people. They see the Europeans has cruel and heartless. If we seek to understand the racism and the imperialism of that day and age, we can see racism in between the lines. I agree with many of Conrad’s critics when they say that he is completely racist, however I tend to see that no matter what race we are we all have a seed of darkness inside our hearts. Why are we infected with his powerful bug of a race overpowering any minority that is inferior to us due to any significant difference? In the case of Conrad’s book Heart of Darkness, it seems like Congolese people are nothing more than disposable and insignificant.
In studying Joseph Conrad's, The Heart of Darkness, many critics dwell on the issue of heroism. Who is the hero, Marlow or Kurtz? It is clear that both Marlow and Kurtz are the protagonists of the story; however, protagonist and hero are not always synonymous. Marlow is the hero in the traditional sense of the word, while Kurtz is the more modern hero, often referred to as the anti-hero.
...il of desire, temptation, and surrender during that supreme moment of complete knowledge? He cried in a whisper at some image, at some vision,-he cried out twice, a cry that was no more that a breath- 'The horror! The horror!' "(Longman, 2000, p. 2240). This is what distinguishes the two men; Kurtz abandoned himself and went over the edge, but Marlow is aware of just how close he was to becoming what Kurtz was.