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Interrogation police introduction to
Interrogation police introduction to
Interrogation and false confession
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When an investigator is conducted an interrogation, they will use every tactic necessary to get the suspect to tell the truth. Also, when there is an interrogation the investigator is not confident that there are insufficient evidence and the suspect’s guilt is not one hundred percent certain, so the interrogator may fabricate the truth or even lie to the suspect to get them to confess (Hall, 2015). The investigators have to use tactics that will deceive the suspect although it is not right to do so because if deception is not used the suspect will not voluntarily say that, they committed the crime. if a suspect commits a crime and writes a statement that was not true we as law enforcement officers we would charge the suspect with falsifying
Why do people feel they need to lie when under pressure? lying is a way to falsify the truth by creating entities or situations that cover the truth. In this case Jay’s wild had gave police information on the syed case in 1999. However recent information provided in a 2015 interview does not match the information given to police in 1999. Jay essentially lied to police but not supplying them with the real information. People feel the necessity to lie while under pressure because of their image,responsibilities,and fear of consequences.
In “The Interview” by Douglas Starr, He talks about the different techniques they use when interrogating suspects to determine whether the suspect is lying. One technique they use is called the Reid Technique and that is when
If I was a police officer who was taking part in an interrogation I would create a lie to see if the person was the one
Because police investigators are usually under pressure to arrest criminals and safeguard the community, they often make mistakes. Sometimes, detectives become convinced of a suspect 's guilt because of their criminal history or weak speculations. Once they are convinced, they are less likely to consider alternative possibilities. They overlook some important exculpatory evidence, make weak speculations and look only for links that connect a suspect to a crime, especially if the suspect has a previous criminal record. Picking Cotton provides an understanding of some common errors of the police investigation process. During Ronald Cottons interrogation, the detectives did not bother to record the conversation “But I noticed he wasn 't recording the conversation, so I felt that he could be writing anything down”(79) unlike they did for Jennifer. They had already labelled Ronald Cotton as the perpetrator and they told him during the interrogation “Cotton, Jennifer Thompson already identified you. We know it was you”(82). Jenifer Thompson 's testimony along with Ronald Cotton 's past criminal records gave the detectives more reason to believe Ronald committed the crime. Ronald Cotton stated “ This cop Sully, though, he had already decided I was guilty.”(84). Many investigative process have shortcomings and are breached because the officials in charge make
``In criminal law, confession evidence is a prosecutor’s most potent weapon’’ (Kassin, 1997)—“the ‘queen of proofs’ in the law” (Brooks, 2000). Regardless of when in the legal process they occur, statements of confession often provide the most incriminating form of evidence and have been shown to significantly increase the rate of conviction. Legal scholars even argue that a defendant’s confession may be the sole piece of evidence considered during a trial and often guides jurors’ perception of the case (McCormick, 1972). The admission of a false confession can be the deciding point between a suspect’s freedom and their death sentence. To this end, research and analysis of the false confessions-filled Norfolk Four case reveals the drastic and controversial measures that the prosecuting team will take to provoke a confession, be it true or false.
Psychological research shows that eyewitness testimony is not always accurate, therefore it should not be used in the criminal justice system. Discuss.
The act of interrogation has been around for thousands of years. From the Punic Wars to the war in Iraq, interrogating criminals, prisoners or military officers in order to receive advantageous information has been regularly used. These interrogation techniques can range from physical pain to emotional distress. Hitting an individual with a whip while they hang from a ceiling or excessively questioning them may seem like an ideal way to get them to reveal something, but in reality it is ineffective and . This is because even the most enduring individual can be made to admit anything under excruciating circumstances. In the Fifth Amendment of the Bill of Rights there is a provision (“no person shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself” ) which reflects a time-honored common principle that no person is bound to betray him or herself or can be forced to give incriminating evidence. This ideology of self-incrimination has been challenged heavily over the past s...
Garrett, B. L. (n.d.). The Substance of False Confessions. Criminal Justice Collection. Retrieved November 23, 2010, from find.galegroup.com.uproxy.library.dc-uoit.ca/gtx/retrieve.do?contentSet=IAC-Documents&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28su%2CNone%2C28%29%22Wrongful+Convictions+%28Law%29%22%3AAnd%3ALQE%3D%28RE%2CNone%2C3%29ref%24&sgHitCo
In Corsicana, Texas Cameron Willingham and his family’s home was burned down the twenty-third of December is 1991. According to the report Cameron was asleep when the fire started and survived the accident with only a few injuries, as for his children they were not so lucky, they lost their lives to the tragic accident. At the time of the accident Cameron’s wife was buying presents for their children for Christmas. According to a witness and her Daughter Diane and Buffie from a few houses down went outside and saw Cameron screaming, “My babies are burning up!” Diane and Cameron tried countless attempts to rescue the girls from their room until the fire department could get there. According to the New Yorker “The house, in short, had been deliberately transformed onto a death trap.” According to the reports on December twenty-fourth and twenty-seventh of 1991 the fire was declared arson and they later decided to conduct a criminal investigation. Cameron was questioned by the investigators on December 31st and was then later arrested on January 8th of 1992 for the death his three daughters.
There has been considerable debate worldwide, regarding the accuracy of eyewitness testimony in the criminal justice system. Particularly, arguments have surrounded wrongful convictions that have resulted from incorrect eyewitness evidence (Areh, 2011; Howitt, 2012; Nelson, Laney, Bowman-Fowler, Knowles, Davis & Loftus, 2011). The purpose of this essay is to consider psychological research about the accuracy of eyewitness testimony and its placement in the criminal justice system. Firstly, this essay will define how eyewitnesses and their testimonies are used within the criminal justice system and the current debate surrounding its usage. Secondly, the impact of post-identification feedback will be used to show the affect on the confidence of a witness. Thirdly, studies around gender related differences will show how a witnesses gender can affect memory recall and accuracy. Fourthly, empirical studies will be used to highlight how a psychological experience called change blindness can cause mistakes in eyewitness identification. Finally, the effect of cross-examination will be used to explore the impact on eyewitness accuracy. It will be argued, that eyewitness testimony is not accurate and highly subjective, therefore, the criminal justice system must reduce the impact that eyewitness testimony is allowed to have. Developing better policies and procedures to avoid wrongful convictions by misled judges and jury members can do this.
Even if the crime laboratories are backed up, there will likely be some sort of truthful evidence recovered from the scene, eventually. If using the ruse works in obtaining a confession than the officer knew how to play his cards correctly. An example is a man is murdered in an airport parking lot, the door is open to his car and it is clear the interior of the car has been rifled through. In addition, there are several shell casings beside the body. By allowing the officer to lie about having fingerprints (from the casings, car door, or the interior of the car) and stating to the suspect that the airport parking lot has 360-degree video recording 24/7, may cause the suspect to voluntarily confess. The officer is not using coercion, no threatening tactics, just a ruse. If the suspect is innocent then he has no worries. But, if the suspect thinks he has been caught red-handed, and out of guilt confesses to the murder and
Leo, R and Ofshe R. The Social Psychology of Police Interrogation: The Theory and Classification of True and False Confessions. 16 Studies in Law, Politics and Society 189,
Interrogation is a technique used by the U.S. military and Department Of Defense in order to get prisoners, terrorist, and terrorist sympathizers to communicate information with our counter intelligence in order to save the lives of many. The means that are used to gain information and save lives, many do not agree with. What if I said that the prisoners that are being interrogate or tortured could potentially kill their family. Would these people change their minds on how they look at our interrogation techniques? “All is fair in love and war” (John Lyly (1507), Jill Kokemuller. Demand Media) Having served in the United States Navy myself, I believe we should use any and all ways possible in order to gather information about attacks against the United States Of America.
In conclusion there are numerous ways of understanding why people falsely confess to crimes. The police and other investigatory agencies play significant roles in prompting false confessions. As research in this essay has shown, individual differences, stereotypical threats, personal and situational factors can lead to reasons why false confessions occur. The ways in which police and other law enforcement agencies investigative certain suspects must make sure that the conditions in which suspects are placed in does not give suspects reasons to falsely confess. The different ways mentioned in this essay in understanding why people falsely confess to crimes have great potential in improving legit contributions to improving criminal justice practice, as they can help reduce the number of suspects who are put in these predicaments to testify truthfully.
...ntain. For example: when deceiver forgets what she/he said at one point and contradicts him/herself on another occasion, or a polygraphist can play a “deceiver” by convincing an examinee in “seeing” a lie on the polygraph’s graph. The last might sound unethical, but it can help to reveal important information such as truth and confession. However, the issue with this approach to unfounded accusatory questions could be stressful for examinee and lead to a false positive.