Greater Geraldton is one of the sub regions in the Midwest region of Western Australia with a territory covering Geraldton, Mullewa and Greenough. Historically, this three areas’ amalgamation began with the merger between Geraldton and Greenough in 2007. On the first of July 2011, the second amalgamation took place between Shire of Mullewa and the City of Geraldton-Greenough became Greater Geralton that was formalized by signing of amalgamation agreement by both local governments (Department of Local Government 2011). The amalgamation has implications for increasing number of population which is a rare potential owned by other areas that have a tendency to negative population growth. Australian Bureau of statistics (2012) mentions that the …show more content…
number of population in the Greater Geraldton reaches 40,257 which is more than half of the total population in the Midwest region. Geographically, location of Greater Geraldton sub region has great significance for the growth of the local economy in this region. Geraldton becomes the central point of junction between areas which rich mineral and natural resources such as Pilbara and Kimberly with Perth as the capital of Western Australia (CGG 2014). With the large economic traffic across this region every day, it has a significance impact to boost the local economy and surrounding areas. Located in a very strategic area, Greater Geraldton has the opportunity to expanse its economy with all the potential and challenges of the future. The council of the City of Greater Geraldton published Greater Gerladton Economic Development Strategy to provide a framework and guideline for economic growth in this region in 2013 This report is written to give new initiatives for the development of Greater Geraldton sub region, especially in the economic terms as well as to anticipate the challenges to be faced in the future. Some potential key drivers in sub region development will be discussed as well as the scenarios will be proposed to meet the current and future challenges. It is expected to become an input for policy makers to achieve a sustainable development for this sub region. 2. Current Baseline of Greater Geraldton Sub Region 2.1. Economic Traditionally, Midwest region economy relies on agriculture sector. However, Greater Geraldton has obtained the advantage of its booming mining industries as well as manufacturing and construction as a biggest contributor to its gross regional product. Nonetheless, agriculture and fisheries are also maintained to keep food regional supply as well as export to other countries. Economic diversification was also encouraged by the local government by promoting the tourism sector as one of economic diversification of this sub region. Mining, manufacturing and construction Mining, manufacturing and construction industries are the big three in contributing to the economy of this region. By 2015, those sectors generate approximately 40 percent of the total revenue generated. The mining industry in this region is dominated by gold, iron ore, oil and gas, mineral sands, copper, zinc and lead concentrate, talc and garnet. In 2013, Midwest region is the fourth largest mining contributor to Western Australia economy with production reaching approximately $ 3.0 billion (CGG 2014). Gold and iron ore become the major mineral and mining resources of this area that have an upward trend of production since 2005 (CGG 2014). This booming mining industry has a positive impact on the growth of the local economy. In addition, Port of Geraldton also has a vital role as a transfer hub to transmit mineral and mining resources as well as agriculture product from Geraldton and other Western Australia’s regions. As second largest port in Australia, the role of Port of Geraldton is very significant to accelerate economy of this sub region. Manufacturing and construction industry in Geraldton are also growing rapidly as an impact the boom in the mining industry and agriculture. Generally, the manufacturing industries in Geraldton can be divided into two types which are manufacturing industries that process the results of the mining and agriculture sectors, while the other is the manufacturing industry that provides the needs of both the sector (Department of Local Government 2011). Furthermore construction industries in Geraldton also become a trigger of economic development in this area. The development of the mining industry, tourism and fisheries infrastructure makes provision for this sector continue to increase. It can be seen from the number of the contribution of this sector to reach more than 600 million in the sub region's economy (Department of Local Government 2011). Agriculture and Fisheries Agriculture is one of the important industries in Midwest region.
The production of agriculture in this region is the third largest in Western Australia (CGG 2014). The agriculture products in this region are dominated by wheat, grain, cereal and lupin. Geraldton contribute almost 56% of Midwest total wheat production resulting $ 356 million in 2013 (CGG 2014). To diverse the agriculture industry, horticulture and aquaculture are also being developed in this area, especially the area around the beach (CGG 2014).
Located along the coast line, Geraldton also begin to look fisheries sector as one of driving force to the local economy. The main product of this industry is the Rock lobster which reaches $ 165.3 million per year. Most of the lobster production (90%) is exported to China, while the rest is sent to other Asian countries such as Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan (CCG 2014). With the rising trends every year, fisheries are expected to create many jobs to reduce the number of unemployment in Geraldton. Furthermore, as the renewable resources, fisheries industry is expected to increase the local economy as well as to reduce the dependency on the mining sector that will be projected to run out in the
future. Tourism Although economy of Geraldton mostly depend on the main industry such as mining, manufacturing, construction, retail and commercial, Tourism sector has a great potential to be developed. With a location overlooking the Indian Ocean, the potential of tourism, especially nautical tourism has a very bright prospect. There are some sites that can attract tourist such as Point Moore Lighthouse and HMAS Sidney Memorial which have historical value, as well as Houtman Abrolhos Island’s beautiful view and landscape which located about 60 km from Geraldton. Geraldton foreshore area has also been redeveloped into the activity center to attract local and regional tourist by providing various facilities such as parks, open space and playground surround coast line area. Furthermore, marine tourism is also enhanced by the presence of kite surfing festival held every year and scuba diving facilities that attract tourists to explore the natural beauty of Indian Ocean. The positive trend of the number of tourists is expected to increase the local economy and provide a great opportunity for this region. As a sub-region that has the largest population in the Midwest, Geraldton has a positive trend in the growth of the population every year since 2006. The total population in the sub region reached 40.257 with an average annual growth reached 2.2% (Compared to Mid West, 0.7%) WA tomorrow also projected that the population of Greater Geraldton in 2050 will reach 90,000 by the assumption of an average growth of 3% of the population each year (CGG 2014). The structure of demography in the Greater Geraldton is projected to be dominated by young people. More than 60% of population is dominated by the group age below 45 year while the old age group in 2026 is estimated reach 22%. The detailed data can be seen in the figure 4 below. With the huge number of young age group which dominate the structure of the demography of this region, the provision of adequate infrastructure is become main priority such as education and health facilities as well as job opportunity. In addition, to enhance the amenity of local resident, the construction of parks and family facilities along the coast is one of the government's efforts to improve quality of life as well as provide a media for social interaction for the local community. To realize one of geraldton’s vision which is a vibrant city, the local government issue community plan 2013-2023. It will be expected to raise the public participation to promote the development of City of Geraldton.
The suburb of Pyrmont on the shores of Sydney Harbour has been transformed by the processes of urban renewal into a thriving cosmopolitan residential area, an efficient and sophisticated business centre, and a popular recreational and tourist hub. Through my own observation of the Pyrmont area, I have seen how the painstaking urban planning efforts for the area have come to fruition, and a focal point of the Harbour foreshore created as a result of this.
The municipal restructuring in Ontario from 1996 to 1999, whether voluntary or involuntary, was the most comprehensive process of municipal reforms since the Baldwin Act of 1849 (Frisken 30). After the election of Harris’ Conservative government in 1995, municipal reform took on a life of its own as it was followed with substantial activity between 1996 and 1999 (Sancton 135-56). This research paper looks to categorize, describe and evaluate the substantial activity that took place between the province and its municipal subordinates. While other papers have argued whether the change of the fiscal relationship was to benefit the province or if the structure of local government had simply become outdated, the issues of why the reforms occurred is not the focus of this research. However, what this paper will evaluate is whether the substantial activity made any long-term changes in the system by outlining the numerous reforms and examining their impact. This paper will begin by assessing the financial reform, which was the starting point for more extensive changes, followed by functional, structural and legislative reforms during 1996 to 1999.
It is the 21st century: more than 85 per cent of Australians inhabit the urban areas sprawling along the coasts, and more and more rural areas struggle to survive.
Sydney is situated in zone of the subtropical oceanic climate which characterized by moderately hot summers and moderately warm winter. This climate conditions very favorable for people, animals and plants habitation. How we can see in the table "Mean Daily Temperatures", temperature does not fall below zero. It is congenially for agriculture, especially sowing corn. More than half of the arable land is occupied by wheat. In addition, people grow citrus, pineapples, mangoes and sugarcane.
...rn Alabama. Almost 10,000 acres of commercial citrus was grown in Mobile and Baldwin counties by 1920. In recent years Alabama farm income from cattle exceeded that from cotton. Alabama's landscape today is dominated by woodlands, pine plantations, scattered pastureland, and small rural and suburban homesteads that stretch between major metropolitan areas. Few modern Alabamians depend totally on agricultural production for their livelihood, but as of 2005 there were 43,500 farms on 8.6 million acres that sold over $3.3 billion worth of commodities” (Mitchell, 2007). The wiregrass region is agriculturally diverse producing cotton, peanuts, poultry, cattle, some vegetables, and forestry products. Following cotton, peanuts dominated the Wiregrass during most of the twentieth century. Therefore, Alabama and the Wiregrass agriculture continues growing for you and me.
In the end, new technological innovations caused the disappearance of cheap lobster. Traps and smack boats were two technologies that greatly influenced the depleting lobster population. Lobstering changed from a hunting and gathering activity for local subsistence into a prosperous business enterprise. It became a business because fishermen were now trying to fill the demands of the consumers. The New Englanders were suddenly using lobster as a way to earn an income. New technologies helped them catch more lobsters to sell to more people. One of the new technologies invented was the use of traps to get the lobsters.
At a local level the viticulture industry makes a significant economic impact. The Hunter region is Australia’s oldest wine making region. The Hunter Valley Wine Industry Association (HVWIA) reported in 2010 that the Hunter Valley produce wine valued at $210 million which included $75 million of cellar door sales. Hunter vineyard and tourism industries both intricately linked, jointly injected $1.8 billion into the NSW economy in
The biggest factor impacting Rural Australia has been the changes to the economic viability of primary production, one of the largest sources of income for Australia (Australian Government, 2008), affected by globalization, deregulation, privatisation and reduction/withdrawal of services, rising production costs, and ever present unpredictable environmental conditions (Australian Catholic Social Welfare Commission Secretariat, 2000).
Terra Nullius was once apparent in Australian society, but has now been nullified with the turn of the century and the changes of societal attitudes. With the political changes in our society, and the apology to Indigenous Australians, society is now witnessing an increase in aboriginals gaining a voice in today’s society. Kevin Rudd’s apology as described by Pat Dodson (2006) as a seminal moment in Australia’s history, expressed the true spirit of reconciliation opening a new chapter in the history of Australia. Although from this reconciliation, considerable debate has arisen within society as to whether Aboriginals have a right to land of cultural significance. Thus, causing concern for current land owners, as to whether they will be entitled to their land.
"A Sustainable Harvest." Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, 10 May 2011. Web. 25 Mar. 2012. .
With a coastline of over 202,000 km and over a fourth of the world’s freshwater resources, it is no wonder why Canada’s fishing industry is a huge part of its economy.1 Canada exports more than 75% of its fish to over 130 countries worldwide. Many of the 7 million people who reside on the coast depend on the ocean’s resources. In total, Canada’s entire fishing industry is worth around $5 billion a year, being one of the world’s most valuable. However, the coasts have not been treated with respect; overfishing, over consumption, and wasteful practices have deteriorated, not only the industry, but the ecosystems and fish populations. This is a huge global issue; the worldwide collapse of fisheries is projected for 2048.
In order for Scotts Bluff County to maintain these exceptional production rates, several different factors come into play for contributing to the successful outcome of the crop production in this area. One factor that plays an important role in the production is the amount of water resources that are available in Scotts Bluff County. If farmers are unable to get the quantity of water necessary to grow their crops, the crops will begin to suffer damage, resulting in a lower rate of crop production and profit. Therefore, in ...
It was 1805 when the first city consolidation was approved of by a public referendum. The city of New Orleans and the county Orleans Parish merged to form one consolidated government. The news of the merger spread throughout the United States, the event influenced residents of cities and counties to pursue the same change in government in their areas. And so a series of city consolidation were approved of by a public referendum in major metropolitan areas including Boston-Suffolk County (1821), Philadelphia-Philadelphia County (1854), San Francisco-San Francisco County (1856), New York City and five counties (1874) (Murphy, 2012).
To fish or not to fish is a personal choice. The fact that the oceans are being overfished is a growing concern for individuals, organizations, and governments throughout the world. In this paper I want to discuss the effects of overfishing on the restaurant industry, and possible solutions to solve the problem. Fishing is an ongoing source of food for people around the world. In many countries it is a food staple in their everyday diet. In more modern societies eating fish has become a sensual experience, and not just for the wealthy. It hasn't been until population explosions in the last century that the demand for seafood has led to more effective fishing techniques and technologies. Now the demand for popular fish like the salmon, tuna, sea bass, cod and hoki, which is the key fish in McDonalds filet o' fish, is diving wild populations to dangerously low levels. The methods used to catch the amount of fish demanded by the industry do not leave sustainable populations in the wild. In an attempt to preserve the fish population, governments have set limits on the minimum size that may be harvested and how many of each may be taken. Boundaries have been set up saying which areas can be fished and which ones should be left alone. A number of smaller fisheries have gone out of business because of the limits imposed by the government. This leads to even less fish being harvested and brought to market. Therefore the amount and varieties of fish at markets are smaller and can cause shortages for wholesalers and restaurants. Some restaurants will no longer have the variety on their menus that they used to enjoy. If a restaurant thrives on its seafood menu they may be unable to cope with the shortages and will go out of business. In the ...
“Belize has a public-private economy with tourism as the number one foreign exchange earner followed by exports of marine products, citrus, sugar, bananas, and garments. Agriculture currently provides some 71% of the country's total foreign exchange earnings, and employs approximately 29% of the total labour force. Belize has a viable fishing industry. Belize's fisheries are exploited for commercial, as well as for subsistence purposes, and are one of the most heavily exploited natural resources. In an effort to maximize the benefits obtained from the fishing industry, while ensuring its long-term viability, fisheries managers are promoting an expansion in production through diversification of this resource base. Belize's fishin...