Government: Monarchy, Theocracy, And Republic

In history, governments have endeavored to rule their subjects. Major forms of authority consist primarily of monarchy, absolute monarchy, oligarchy, democracy, tyranny, theocracy, and republic. By examining the main faults of each government, the republic is clearly the superior form.

Monarchy is a method where a single person oversees the government. This head of state reigns within bounds of a constitution but still creates a single entity with extreme power. Personal beliefs often override best practices.

The absolute monarchy, while similar to general monarchy, goes further in dissatisfaction. In this regime, the ruler believes they derive authority from a god or multiple deities (Perry, 24). Commanding military and judicial systems, the ruler is in a position of authority, limiting rights and suppressing freedoms.

Oligarchy is control by a small group of people, frequently land owning aristocrats through heredity (Perry, 56).

This select group rules at the expense of common people. Increasing wealth is commonly the main consideration.

Tyranny resembles the monarchy but usually occurs by seizing power during periods of instability (Perry, 59). Whereas the monarchy usually has a constitution or counterbalancing group, tyranny is absolute personal power rule. Aristotle warned tyranny could threaten the well-being of the citizen and the rule of law (Perry, 87).

Theocracy is a control with no separation between religion and state. Divine law regulates all aspects of individual relationships (Perry, 206). Under correct circumstances, theocracy could be the most superior form of government. However, in a world filled with sin, this form quickly collapses under man’s control. Only when God truly rules is a theocracy tolerable (Rev. 21:3).

Democracy is control by the people. On the surface, this appears to be a superior form, but as Plato warned it is slow to react, oppresses of the minority, and lacks skilled leaders (Perry,

84).
Elected representatives and leaders govern a republic. While requiring precautions to ensure equality, as Jesus declared the better way of leaders is to serve the people (Matt. 20:25-28) when correctly administered it creates balance between state and its people.
The republic has become the greatest form of modern government. Polybius stated, the republic allows for quick action, yet maintains safeguards for all involved. (Polybius) It bypasses false beliefs of divine authority, prevents rule by those who deem themselves privileged, does not succumb to whims of individual viewpoints, and protects inhabitants from a fanatical religion’s oppression.