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Impact of the black death in Europe
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Europe was at a fairly weak point in its history following the Black Death. After a few centuries of rebuilding, however, Europe developed into the powerful continent it is today. Europe is home to many modern world powers, which have been around for hundreds of years, and have experienced highs and lows in their histories. One of the biggest lows for Europe was the Black Death, which killed one third of the European population, and left many more poor and alone. Though the Black Death had devastating consequences, it also instigated changes, such as the creation of a middle class, which would lead Europe to its rebirth or, Renaissance. Throughout the Renaissance, Europe’s culture and economy grew, along with their desire to explore the world. As Europe entered the Age of Exploration, European explorers had three motives above all others that drove them forward in their discoveries. The European desire for God, gold, and glory, had a major impact on the early modern world.
Religion had a significant impact on the early modern world. One of the goals the Spanish had when they set out to conquer foreign lands was to convert as many foreigners as possible. Missionaries were often some of the first to move to distant lands. Upon arrival, many of the missionaries would set up religious schools to educate locals on Catholic customs. Early Modern leaders used religion as a justification of their blatant mistreatment of human rights. Clergymen were unlikely to argue with the treatment of Native Americans, as they were profiting off of the Spanish invasions of foreign lands. Not only did the church gain more followers as a result of these foreign invasions, but the more money that the Spanish merchants made through overseas exploitation, ...
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... is still around today, and people all over the world still worship him. The current economic system of capitalism drives individuals, as well as corporations, to acquire as much money as they can. Pride has driven countries to wars, such as the American Civil War, which pitted brother against brother in a fight for superior ideals. Glory has also led to remarkable achievements, such as Americans landing the first man on the moon, which was achieved in fierce competition with the Russian space program. On a smaller scale individual people also are driven by these classic motives. Some people live to make money, some live to die holy, and some live to be remembered for their honorable deeds. Human nature has been one of the most powerful forces throughout history, and the human pursuits of God, gold, and glory has had a sizable impact on the world we live in today.
The continent was divided linguistically, politically and economically. Just like the other two worlds, they also practiced gender division of labor. However, this was the only region in which women played and almost entirely submissive role; men dominated in every aspect, from society to religion to politics. In the beginning of the fifteenth century, the Europeans were slowly recovering from Black Death which has affected them in the fourteenth century killing a third of the population. The leaders took the chaos form Black Death as an advantage to consolidate power. Along with this political revolution, technological and economic changes helped shaped the societies. European explorers and colonizers, especially Roman Catholics, sought to spread Christianity and this was used as a motive to increase the nation’s wealth through the establishment of direct trade with the other worlds (Africa and America). Sailors gained knowledge of navigation, wind and currents by first sailing in the Mediterranean Atlantic. The knowledge acquired helped them establish plantation economies and beneficial trading post in West Africa. They learnt that they could successfully transplant crops and livestock in new
Western Europe was more concerned with their Maker and the redemption of their souls than with their individual lives on earth. This meant that the development of their own philosophies and schools of thought would occur later than many other postclassical civilizations. However, the time period was not without achievement. It laid the ground for discoveries of tremendous importance that would change the known world forever.
Throughout the history of mankind, numerous events such as the Crusades, have occurred in the name of religion and religious freedom. Sadly, the motivation for the early settlers coming to America wasn’t strictly about finding religious freedom. It was actually deeply rooted in the desire for economic growth and new trade opportunities. The New World presented itself as an opportunity for many to gain higher social economic status and growth in their business ventures. A number of known historical facts, including: hunger for new trade, poverty of many English inhabitants, and the rivalry between Spain and England, contributed and fostered the foundation and settling of the American Colonies.
The Age of Exploration in Europe developed along with the Renaissance. In Western history, both periods served as transitional movements between the early modern and Middle Ages periods. The evolution as well as advancement of abroad exploration was fueled by competition between growing European empires like England and Spain. The size as well as the influence of European empires expanded greatly during this time as it was motivated by profit, religion and power. The exploration’s effects were felt both abroad as well as in the geographical boundaries of Europe itself. The political, cultural and economical influences of Europe’s early stages of international exploration affected the continuing development of European society as well as the whole world.
But, what about the enemy that they could not see; the enemy that would plummet Medieval Europe into an age of darkness and, ultimately, death? The Bubonic Plague was a pivotal moment for Europe, bringing forth a new era of social mobility, thought, and artistic expression, leading to the Renaissance. This is very evident, as one looks farther into the supply and demand of labour, the altering perspective of the church, and the new movement in artwork.
The destruction and devastation caused by the 'Black Death' of the Middle Ages was a phenomenon left to wonder at in text books of historical Europe. An unstoppable plague swept the continent taking as much as eighty percent of the European population along with it (Forsyth).
Once settled down the English and Spanish went in two different directions in regard to their religion. The Spanish conquistadors’ and friars’ in the southwest wanted to spread christianity to anyone they could. The Spanish would conqueror Native American tribes and force christianity upon them. To the Spanish in the southwest they just wanted the Native Americans’ to have some type of Christian beliefs. The Puritans’ however were very strict about following their values. For instance, Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams were both banished from the colony for going against their official teachings. As well, as being less tolerate, the Puritans’ were not as aggressive as forcing their religion onto Native Americans’. Other than praying towns, the Puritans’ did not force their beliefs on to the Native Americans’ who lived around them. The Spanish on the other hand sought out Native Americans’ to convert them. The Spanish, after conquering a tribe or ransacking a village, would force the Native Americans’ to convert. If they refused they would use the encomienda system to convert them. The encomienda system was a Spanish practice, where they enslaved Native Americans who refused to convert to Christianity. The conquistadors’ would force them to mine gold and silver until death or conversion. How they Spanish and Puritans’ managed their religion reflected on how the two interacted with Natives. The two differed in their treatment toward Native Americans’ with the intimate relationships they had with them. In the southwest many Spaniards would marry Native American women and bear children called mestizos. In Massachusetts, however it was unheard of to have any type of intimate relations between whites and Native Americans.
The renaissance and the reformation are the beginning of the golden age of Europe. Many economic, religious, and cultural changes occurred during this time period. The economic and cultural rise of Italian city-states, the recentralization of government in northern Europe, and the separation of the Roman Catholic Church into different Catholic and Protestant groups were important achievements for Europe during this time. The renaissance and the reformation were not only the beginning of the modern western world, but also set the stage for the European rise in global colonization, which gave way to the birth of our glorious nation.
The Black Plague, perhaps one of the worst epidemics in history, swept its evil across Europe in the middle of the 14th century, killing an estimated 20 million people. This major population shift, along with other disasters occurring at the time, such as famine and an already existing economic recession, plunged Europe into a dark period of complete turmoil. Anarchy, psychological breakdowns, and the dissipation of church power were some of the results. As time passed, however, society managed to find new ground and began its long path of recovery. The plague, as catastrophic as it was to medieval Europe, had just as many positive effects that came with this recovery as it did negative effects prior. An end to feudalism, increased wages and innovation, the idea of separation of church and state, and an attention to hygiene and medicine are only some of the positive things that came after the plague. It could also be argued that the plague had a significant impact on the start of the Renaissance.
The Black Death changed European history in many ways. Its fatal symptoms took many human lives, and its influenced carried over into many areas of society. People suffered religiously because the disease brought out the darker side of life and made them question God. Europe would not be the same today without these changes brought on through the devastation of the Black Death.
Throughout human history, religion has played a fundamental role in societal development, regardless of the culture. Christianity, in particular, has profoundly shaped the last two thousand years of history and continues to do so today. This holds true in the case of European development and exploration of the New World. As exploration in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries flourished, many countries set out to declare land on behalf of their country, and in an effort to bring honor to their God. When English settlers first developed colonies in New England, one of their goals was to share the word of God with the Native Americans they encountered. This drastically conflicted with the views of the Native Indians, and completely altered the development of North America. European religious views in early North American exploration set the tone for America’s development into a commodification driven society that exploited the environment as a means of economic potential.
European Exploration and Imperialism was a major development in the 1500s and continued shaping the world throughout the 1700s. In this time between 1500 and 1700 there were many changes to the world as it was known. Some of these changes included improved trade routes, broader views on all subjects, expansion, and even new inventions. The development of European exploration and Imperialism is a positive development due to the fact that though it did hurt some cultures it brought the world further in technology, secular thought, and connection between continents.
Religion has greatly influenced western civilization. Religion is a way to express ourselves in our own way. To be able to choose who or what we believe in freely. This gives us a sense of individualism and helps our civilization to grow and develop each religion. Just about every ancient culture practiced religion in some way. They were either monotheist, polytheist, atheist, or believed in “magic”. Western civilization was impacted by religion in more ways than one. Every religion contributed in their own way. Some religions even worked together to help create a stronger, more structured civilization.
Stott, Anne. "Europe 1700-1914: A Continent Transformed." europetransformed.blogspot.com. University of London, 7 March 2011. Web. 30 November 2013.
For thousands of years, religion has exerted a great influence over economic and political life. Even today religion is called upon to support rulers, contacts and other legal procedures.