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Music during the Renaissance period
Music during the Renaissance period
Major features of music in the Renaissance period
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Comparison of the distinctive composers in the early and late Renaissance
The Renaissance stood as an age of renascence and immense cultural upheaval. Along with the rich interchange of ideas in inventive, communal, systematic, and administrative domains of the society - Music was a vital part of municipal, holy, and civil life in the Renaissance. Numerous Artists in Western Europe became conscious of the classical preceding and the world past the constricted limitations of feudal theology. The period 1400–1600 headed to key modifications in styles of composing and means of publicizing music. Society acquired receptiveness to the new ideas. The printing press was a noteworthy new invention, which helped out composers economically. Even though,
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1525, Palestrina, near Rome and died on February 2, 1594, in Rome. He is considered to be one of the most renowned Italian Renaissance composers. “Palestrina composed more than 105 masses and 250 motets, a master of contrapuntal composition”. (http://www.britannica.com/biography/Giovanni-Pierluigi-da-Palestrina). Palestrina even in the modern day is considered to be a role model and a legend of the Italian school. His fame got him so far where he was requested to overwrite churches’ primary plainchant books. Palestrina’s most famed Mass is Pope Marcellus Mass or Missa Papae Marcelli. It was written in honor of Pope Marcellus the second, hence the name. The mass like the most Renaissance masses consist of: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus Benedictus, and Agnus Dei. However, Pope Marcellus mass isn’t based off the cantus firmus. His setting “The Marcellus is a musical setting of the so-called Ordinary of the mass—that is, the texts that remain constant throughout the annual church calendar”. (http://www.britannica.com/topic/Pope-Marcellus-Mass) Palestrina makes the use out of the both imitative polyphony, where he the separate lines are analogous in their sounds and shapes, as well as homophonic where you have one melody at one time, while everything else is used for the accompaniment purposes. The masse’s choir contains six voices: Tenor in two parts, baritone, bass, alto and soprano. The Agnus Dei is set in two sections. As far as the analysis of the parts goes - “The first iteration of Agnus Dei recalls the melodic shape and feeling of the Kyrie while the second Agnus Dei introduces an additional soprano part to the texture and explores all manner of canonic imitation as the work comes to a tranquil close”. ("Palestrina: Kyrie, Gloria, and Agnus Dei from Missa Papae Marcelli." San Francisco Symphony. Web. 8 Oct.
Piero Veneziano, Bianco Alfani, in Lauro Martines (ed.) An Italian Renaissance Sextet: Six Tales in Historical Context (University of Toronto Press, 1994), pp. 100
La Pietà of Giovanni Della Robbia is amazing religious glazed and painted terracotta dated 1510-1520. It was mainly intended to introduce the meaning of the Bible story to large and mainly illiterate audiences. One of the things that this image can tell us about life in western civilization is how much the artists were focused on translating the bible and trying to understand it without the help of the Catholic Church through art and humanism. La Pietà is one of the richest and best known collections of Della Robbia sculptures at the springtime of the renaissance. The creator of the sculpture is Giovanni Della Robbia; the first and epic of a dynasty of important pottery artists, decorators, potters, and terracotta workers. Della Robbia developed a unique pottery glaze that made his creations much more durable in the outdoors and therefore much suitable for use on the exterior of buildings. This was an extraordinarily formal and refined technique that immediately met with great success, so much so that the Della Robbia family’s work flourished for over one hundred years. It uniquely combines archaeometric and stylistic time-related information about the renaissance age in Western Civilization. In its context, La Pietà was created in the 15th century, the renaissance age , when there was a surge in artistic, literary, and scientific activity , especially in Florence, the third largest city in Europe, an independent republic where the Italian Renaissance began, and a banking and commercial capital after London and Constantinople. The renaissance era when this sculptured was created was also marked by few major events such as: religious problems in church, Erasmus publishing Greek edition of the New Treatment ...
A sinfonia (Italian for symphony) broadly refers to a number of instrumental works from the Baroque period, including symphonies, sonatas, canzonas, concerti, and Italian opera overtures. Even J.S. Bach titles his “three-part” inventions for harpsichord “Sinfonia”. Torelli’s Sinfonia in D (G.8) is a four-movement “concerto” for trumpet, strings and harpsichord continuo. Unlike a concerto grosso, where a main theme is presented and then reappears in fragments, the main themes of Sinfonia in D are developed rather freely. The second movement (Adagio) is a very short, slow, interlude without trumpet that introduces the third movement (Allegro). Hence, the program shows these two movements as “adagio-allegro” joined together.
Michelangelo Buonarroti was a man who desired to create. His art is impactful, reflects the time of the renaissance, and his growth as an artist. Michelangelo Buonarroti was born March 6,1475 in Caprese, Italy. His father was a government agent in Caprese and his mother died when he was six years old ("Michelangelo Buonarroti"). When Michelangelo was 13 he was an apprentice to a painter named Domenico Ghirlandaio. In addition to being an apprentice, he also studied sculpture with Bertoldodi Giovanni ("Michelangelo Buonarroti"); at 17 he created his earliest sculpture. Michelangelo was an ambitious artist who took on big projects. He was interested in human anatomy, engineering, painting, sculpture, architecture, and poetry (Bleiberg et al. 386-398). “Michelangelo was intensely religious and received inspiration from a deep sense of his own personal unworthiness and of his sinful nature”
In 1984 Christopher James Paolini was born on the 17th of November in Los Angeles to Talita Hodgkinson and Kenneth Paolini. Though born in California he was initially raised in the beautiful Paridise Valley in Montana with his parents and sister, Angela. This was what inspired his first novel Eragon. Christopher and his sister were enrolled into the American School online after years of homeschooling with there mother, a trained Montessori teacher. This method of schooling was the best choosen because it gave, as JWR would say, Paolini a wide latitude with the extra time to began exploring his own interests, the works of writting literature. Aoround the age of 10 Christopher began to discover the world of fantsy, but with each book he read he became frustersated by the lack of quality. Wanting to live in a world full of fantasy, one that had the quality he though a book should have he decided to write his own. Christopher started out writting small works of literature that he would sell . Christopher said that he began to work on Eragon ,which would later become his first book ever written, at the mere age of 14. Since he didn't know what he wanted for the book he could never really write past more than a few pages. Christopher is now 30 years old and has finished his Eragon series call the Inheritance Cycle.
Harman, Alec, and Anthony Milner. Late Renaissance and Baroque Music. London: Barrie Books LTD., 1959. ML193.H37
Claudio Monteverdi was born on May 15, 1567, in Cremona Italy, Monteverdi was an Italian composer of the late Renaissance and the Early Baroque, and is known as the first great composer of the operas. Monteverdi is often view as a composer of the Renaissance and of the Baroque, there is a similar pattern in that is continuous that is often viewed through his work in both styles. Monteverdi often was known as a dramatic composer, while bringing a tremendous meaning from the text he set that often turned each of his pieces into a believable musical and also produced a dramatic statement.
The time between 1485 and 1660 marked a period of new beginnings for the people living in England; this time is known as the Renaissance. In England, the people were challenging their past beliefs; where before the Renaissance, England thrived basing their lives, government, and music off of God and his principles alone. During these one-hundred and seventy-five years, the English people started questioning their original principles about religion and established a yearning for information and proof based off of science instead of God. This desire caused many changes to form in England. The Renaissance period quickly became known as the rebirth of knowledge named by the change from God’s knowledge to the knowledge of man. The Renaissance brought on many changes to English culture especially in their music. There was a rise in secular, or non-religious music, instrumental music, and dance music. Although the English Renaissance occurred many centuries ago, the major changes in musical styles are evident in both spiritual and secular music.
Pico della Mirandola was an Italian Philosopher and a humanist. A lot of people would consider Pico della Mirandola an ideal man of the Italian Renaissance. Pico really helped the Renaissance, he made a huge impact on a lot of other philosophers, and a lot of other philosophers influenced him. Pico della Mirandola once stated,“Whatever seeds each man cultivates will grow to maturity and bear in him their own fruit. If they be vegetative, he will be like a plant.”(BrainyQuote). Pico della Mirandola was the biggest influence on Renaissance philosophy because of his book, Oration on the Dignity of Man, his 900 theses, and his religious impact.
...a wealth. A new type of consumer, who preferred variety and luxury, began to appear in both the towns and the countryside. People who were unsure if they would be alive the next day wanted to spend their money on fine foods and luxuries. Many lords and wealthy merchants built churches and commissioned religious art, partly in thanks for being spared the horrors of the Black Death. Some of the artistic styles that developed in this period were very influential later during the Renaissance. Some historians suggest that people who invested in culture in hard times financed the Renaissance (Rice 67).
The Renaissance period of history occurred during the 15th and 16th centuries. Renaissance in its basic definition means rebirth. According to Merriam Webster, renaissance formally means, “a movement or period of vigorous artistic and intellectual activity” (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary). Renaissance is the title given to the period of great change in music and art. The Renaissance period ushered in a culture of music that the public could enjoy. Most importantly it was a period that encouraged musicians and composers to create music and take risks with voices, instruments and notes.
Atlas, A.W. Renaissance Music: Music in Western Europe, 1400-1600. 1st ed. New York: Norton, 1998.
The renaissance is one of the most culturally, religiously, and artistically inventive periods in the history of mankind. From giant sculptures carved to perfection to literary works of art that induced deep thinking, the renaissance demonstrated that man’s view of itself was expeditiously becoming refined. Many of the most influential people in history, Michelangelo, Da Vinci, Raphael, and Dante lived during the time of the great reinvention of Italian society. The renaissance altered the way education, art, and innovation were perceived and forever changed the thinking of the common man.
Michelangelo di Ludovico Buonarroti Simoni was a painter, sculptor, architect, and poet. He was born on March 6, 1475 in, Caprese, Italy. He was the 2nd born of five sons. He passed away at the age of 88 years old on February 18th, 1564. He was one of the most famous Italian Renaissance artist. He became an apprentice to a painter before studying sculpture gardens of the power in the Medici family. Michelangelo had several works in his time. His most popular sculptures were “Pieta” and “David” Some of his painting are “Sistine Chapel” and “Last Judgment” The pieta painting had showed the “Virgin Mary holding of her son Jesus after he
In Botticelli’s Pallas and the Centaur there is also a clear representation of one character in control over the other. Pallas figure seems to be holding the centaur’s hair in her grasp with a stern look towards the him. The centaur in relation to Pallas looks sorry for a pervious action he has done. His right arm looks to be flinching from Pallas as well. The poses of the centaur is distorted only from the unnatural twist in his neck. His body is facing away from Pallas yet his entire face is turned to her while being angled down. This irregular stance and turn of the centaur’s head shows styles of mannerism as well. Pallas pose is not as much set with a mannerist style however, her character has a great display of clothes and drapery emphasizing