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Deep sea creatures adapt to the environment
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You're more than likely familiar with several types of exotic animals. Maybe you've seen some strange creatures on your zoo visits, or maybe even on TV. No matter how peculiar some animals may appear, many have vital adaptations that help them survive in their environment. In fact, many deep-sea creatures use these vital adaptations. Among these adaptations are the acids produced by zombie worms to drill nutrients out of whale bones, the ink used by squid to protect from predators, and the tiny hairs on the claws of yeti crabs used to obtain nourishment. You most likely think that worms are incapable of ingesting harsh materials, such as whale bone. To the surprise of many, zombie worms live at the bottom of the sea, living …show more content…
The Giant Squid (Architeuthis sux) is notorious for its eight arms, feeding tentacles, and large eyes. The giant squid possesses many important adaptations, one being its statoliths, which are mineralized organs that serve to help the squid balance. Statoliths also show growth rings, which help show the age and life span of a squid. Another adaptation of the giant squid is its ability to squirt ink from its funnel; this helps the squid defend itself from predators, such as the sperm whale. Yeti crabs, much like the squid and zombie worms, live in the deep-sea, about 7,200 feet below the surface. Yeti crabs live in large packs, with up to 600 crabs per 11 square feet! Much like both the adaptations of the squid and zombie worms, the Yeti crab’s adaptations are proposed to serve nutritional purposes. Scientists have conjectured that the hairy Yeti crabs have bacteria that thrive on the crab’s hairs and that these bacteria are what nourishes them. Perhaps the next time you make a trip to the aquarium, you will recall the adaptations of some deep-sea creatures. Maybe you will even begin to pick up on the adaptations of animals that you wouldn’t have noticed before! After all, the acid-producing ways of the zombie worm, the ink-projection of the squid, and the bacteria consumption of the yeti crab are
The Artemia franciscana can survive in extreme conditions of salinity, water depth, and temperature (Biology 108 laboratory manual, 2010), but do A. franciscana prefer these conditions or do they simply cope with their surroundings? This experiment explored the extent of the A. franciscanas preference towards three major stimuli: light, temperature, and acidity. A. franciscana are able to endure extreme temperature ranges from 6 ̊ C to 40 ̊ C, however since their optimal temperature for breeding is about room temperature it can be inferred that the A. franciscana will prefer this over other temperatures (Al Dhaheri and Drew, 2003). This is much the same in regards to acidity as Artemia franciscana, in general thrive in saline lakes, can survive pH ranges between 7 and 10 with 8 being ideal for cysts(eggs) to hatch (Al Dhaheri and Drew, 2003). Based on this fact alone the tested A. franciscana should show preference to higher pH levels. In nature A. franciscana feed by scraping food, such as algae, of rocks and can be classified as a bottom feeder; with this said, A. franciscana are usually located in shallow waters. In respect to the preference of light intensity, A. franciscana can be hypothesized to respond to light erratically (Fox, 2001; Al Dhaheri and Drew, 2003). Using these predictions, and the results of the experimentation on the A. franciscana and stimuli, we will be able to determine their preference towards light, temperature, and pH.
One hundred and fifty million years ago, large aquatic species of reptile such as the Plesiosaur dominated the ocean, and were pre-eminent predators of the sea. The branch of now extinct Plesiosaurs, or ‘near lizards’, evolved into variant closely related species specialised to take different niches in the food chain. Such species of Plesiosaur include the phenotypically similar Plesiosauroid and Pliosauroid. The physiological adaptations of the long necked variant, the Plesiosauroid, as it relates to deep sea diving, will be addressed in depth.
Yeti Crabs are often found in depths of more than 2000 meters, and are common on and around hydrothermal vents of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge. Most species do not live where the yeti crab lives.
Squidward Tentacles is an employee at the Krusty Krab. He is a 34 year old male. He resides in Bikini Bottom. His hobbies include playing his clarinet and painting multiple pictures which he has false hope will one day be published in some museum. He has hatred for going to work, and is horrible with customer service. He exhibits a strong desire to fit in with a higher caste than himself. There have been many episodes though where when given the chance to prove himself worthy of a higher caste he will retreat to a safer place like his house. His esteem level seems very low. He never leaves his house other than for work either. He hates being social and that’s very obvious in every action Squidward carries out. He rarely dates and when he does there is never a second date. He is a healthy man of his age. He really doesn’t have many friends. There is his two neighbors Spongebob Squarepants and Patrick Star, they want to be friends with him but Squidward can barely tolerate either of them. When he is sad he usually turns to his music, painting, or bubble baths which he takes very often. His life goal or aspiration is to be a famous artist and musician. He’s a very smart individual but has absolutely horrible social skills.
The purpose of this lab was to study the response of the genus Daphnia to chemical stimuli and to examine human responses to different stimuli. A stimulus is an incentive; it is the cause of a physical response. Stimuli can have a physical or chemical change; an example of a physical change is a change in temperature and sound. An example of chemical change would be changes in hormone levels and pH levels. Muscular activity or glandular secretions are responses that occurs when stimulus information effects the nervous and/or hormone system. Daphnia is a genus; it is a small crustacean that lives in fresh water. The body of the daphnia is visible and its internal organs are clearly seen thus it was chosen for this exercise. The
Throughout the animal kingdom, adaptations take place continuously and even the smallest of changes can leave a significant impact. Examples can be seen within any plant or animal. One example would include sea turtles, specifically, the Loggerhead Turtles. These turtles are native to the Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans as well as the Mediterranean Sea (Deurmit L 2007). They thrive in either temperate or tropical climates and can live in a myriad of biomes (Deurmit L 2007). These biomes include the pelagic, reef, coastal, and brackish water (Deurmit L 2007). Loggerhead turtles are omnivores and can eat anything from insects to aquatic crustaceans, to macro algae (Deurmit L 2007). According to Deurmit (2007) Caretta caretta is classified into Animalia Kingdom, Chordata Phylum, Vertebrata Subphylum, Reptilian Class, Testudines’ Order,
A zombie is a monster that has been a horror movie legacy for many years now. Zombie is defined as “a dead person who is able to move because of magic according to some religions and in stories, movies, etc.” Zombies haven’t always been the creature that we see today though. George A. Romero merged the old-forgotten zombie into the standardized version we see today. James Conroy writes, “With his 1968 film Night of the Living Dead, George Romero brought the concept of the slow-moving, flesh-eating zombie into mainstream American culture.”
Crustaceans belong to the Arthropoda Phylum, which includes critters like ants, spiders, and centipedes. I know! Crazy to think that a delicious crab is in the same group as a spider! But they share similar characteristics. For starters, members of the Arthropoda Phylum do not have a backbone like you and me, so they are called __invertebrates__. And, as mentioned earlier, their skeleton is external, which is referred to as an __exoskeleton__.
Osmoregulation is an example of an organism maintaining homeostasis. More specifically, osmoregulation involves an animal regulating osmotic pressure, or its fluid content. Brine shrimp, Artemia, use osmoregulation to regulate the saline levels of fluid within their body. Because brine shrimps live in seawater, an environment with a high saline concentration, they must actively excrete excess salt. Brine Shrimps use metepipodites as the location of the ion pump which secretes sodium. This is an active transport of ions because it is moving against the gradient, a higher salt content outside the body. The two following studies describe the environmental conditions ideal for brine shrimp and the possible genetic explanation for the osmoregulation of brine shrimp, respectively.
Brachiopod: One organism that is a part of the Lophophore is the brachiopod. Brachiopods are marine animals that look like claims. Actually they are quite different from claims in their anatomy, related to the bryozoan and phoronida.Brachiopods is very rare in the seas. They often make their homes in very cold water, either in Polar Regions or at great depths in the ocean, and are not often encountered. There are about 300 living species of brachiopods.250 million years ago; they were in the wo...
Occasionally, a giant squid will wash up on shore or will come up in a fishing net, which has allowed scientists to get a close observation of these squid and their anatomy.
Fortunately, the Axolotl has developed adaptations that aid it in catching food and evading predators. To help it catch food, the Axolotl’s teeth are shaped like cones, so that its “vacuum” action of sucking in as much water in order to also eat food is aided by the shape of the teeth, which allow it to grip, rather than chew. To aid them in avoiding predators they are able to metamorphose so that they use their lungs more than their gill, which allows them to leave very toxic waters and the predators within. Another adaption that helps them deflect any predator is that they are able to regenerate body parts that have been lost, allowing them to stay as strong as possible. Axolotl’s have adaptations that aid their survival from predators in the lake complex Xochimilco that they reside in.
Convergent evolution explains the similarity in body structure of the swordfish and dolphins, where two different organisms that are not closely related, independently evolved similar structures. Subjected to the similar aquatic environment and similar challenges, the swordfish and dolphins developed a similar body structure, a streamlined body (Figure 12; Baltimore, 2002). The streamlined body is the body structure that is broad in the middle and narrow at both ends. The development of the streamlined body is an advantageous structure to living in an aquatic environment. The streamlined body made it more efficient for locomotion, by reducing water resistance, thus increasing the efficiency of swimming for marine animals and for the vertebrates’
Osmosis is an animal’s way of adapting to different types of salinities (Office of Naval Research 3). All marine mammals have special traits that they adapted to help them survive in or around marine habitats (Marietta College 1). As prompted by the Marietta College of Ohio “Many organisms in saltwater are osmoconformers.” (1). An osmoconformer is an organism that has the same concentration of salt within its body as the surrounding water (1)....