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George Babbitt: Image of a Presbyterian
In Babbitt, Sinclair Lewis portrays religion as a corrupt business. In fact, he emphasizes this by focusing on his main character George Babbitt. George Babbitt is characterized as a businessman in Zenith. He is a man preoccupied about his reputation and his image before the main leaders of the town he lives in. Lewis creates a hypocritical figure for Babbitt through his reasons for being a Presbyterian. He says that if you were to question Babbitt about his religion he would say, "My religion is to serve my fellow men, to honor my brother as myself, and to do my bit to make life happier for one and for all" (199). Of course, if you heard this from Babbitt you would have the idea that Babbitt was a true Presbyterian. Lewis says that if you were to persist with the same question Babbitt would then reply, "I'm a member of the Presbyterian Church, and naturally, I accept its doctrines" (199). This would make Babbitt look even better. Being from the Presbyterian Church, the richest church in Zenith, he would be a man well set with good morals. However, Lewis points at G. Babbitt's true reasons for being in the Presbyterian Church. He was really a Presbyterian for his reputation. By participating in the services of the Presbyterian Church, Babbitt was able to hide his human flaws and give himself an image of a respectable man (Lewis 199).
George Babbitt was asked by Dr. Drew to help improve the Sunday School at Zenith. Lewis shows that Babbitt's acceptance to carry out this task was done to form a business relationship with Mr. Eathorne, the president of the First State Bank of Zenith. "Nothing gave Babbitt more purifica...
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...nd money
Works Cited
Lewis, Sinclair. Babbitt. New York: Signet, 1922.
Miller, Park Hays. Why I am a Presbyterian. New York: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1956.
"PCUSA clergy, laity, differ on gambling." Christian Century 13 Sept. 2000
<http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m1058/25_117/65702740/print.jhtml>.
"The Presbyterian General Assembly." The Christian Century 17 June 1926: 784-789.
Scanlon, Leslie. "Council will be asked to cut $2.5 million from budget; Reducing frequency of
Assemblies endorsed." Outlook 29 Jan. 2002
<http://vivisimo.com/search?query=%22Presbyterian+Church+U.S.A%22+%2B+expenditur-
es&v%3Asources=Fast%2COD%2CMSN%2Clooksmart%2Cnetscape>.
Smith, Elwyn A. The Presbyterian Ministry in American Culture. Philadelphia: Westminister
Press, 1962.
In Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, cruelty is a frequent theme and different acts of cruelty are committed almost every chapter. Victor Frankenstein abandoned his creation because of its grotesque face and destroyed any chance if the monster getting a mate, and the monster kills everyone Frankenstein loves out of spite. In Frankenstein, the different acts of cruelty that are imposed onto Frankenstein and his creation help reveal their true character
Works Cited Arrington, Leonard J. Brigham Young: American Moses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1895. Arrington, Leonard J., ed. The President of the Church. Salt Lake: Desert Books, 1986.
Simmons, Charles James (1893-1875), politician and evangelical preacher, was born on 9 April 1893 at 30 Brighton Road, Mosley, Birmingham. His father, James Henry Simmons (1867-1941), was a master painter and his mother, Mary Jane (1872-1958), a schoolteacher. They were Primitive Methodists, temperance advocates, and Liberals. His maternal grandfather, Charles Henry Russell (1846-1918), a Liberal, Primitive Methodist lay preacher and friend of Joseph Arch (leader of the Agricultural Labourers’ Union and MP), shared the family home. Simmons described him as ‘the greatest influence during my formative years’, the well-spring of the religious and political activism that was to characterize his career (Simmons, 6). Educated at Board schools, Simmons left formal education at the age of fourteen for employment in an assortment of jobs, including a tailor’s porter, telegraph messenger and salesman.
Upton Sinclair was an American writer whose works reflects not only the inside but also the socialists view on things. Upton sinclair was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He was born into a family which held to it’s Southern aristocracy in every thing that was done. When Sinclair was ten years old, the family packed up and moved to New York City ( Where there were more opportunities to succeed ).
Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is filled with death and sorrow. They occur in almost every aspect of the book. The four "squares" of the book, Walter, Victor, the monster, and the cottagers, all suffer from them at one time or another. Some perceive Frankenstein as a horror story; however, in actuality it is a book of tragedy and despair. Every page reveals more misery than the page before. Thus, death and sorrow are inevitable in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein.
Mark Twain’s “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” is said to be one of the greatest American novels to ever be written and is what all other pieces of American literature are based off of. The novel has been debated for over an entire century and will continue to be debated for much longer. Never the less, Huckleberry Finn teaches young students and adults the important life lessons. ”The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” by Mark Twain should remain required reading in American Literature classes because it enlightens students about the horrors of racism and slavery, familiarizes students with the South during time period, and properly portrays the powers of conformity.
During Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, it is apparent to be an absurd time for the wealthy. The shallowness of money, riches, and a place in a higher social class were probably the most important components in most lives at that period of time. This is expressed clearly by Fitzgerald, especially through his characters, which include Myrtle Wilson, Tom and Daisy Buchanan, and of course, Jay Gatsby. This novel was obviously written to criticize and condemn the ethics of the rich.
F. Scott Fitzgerald uses The Great Gatsby in order to display the wretchedness of upper-class society in the United States. The time period, the 1920s, was an age of new opulence and wealth for many Americans. As there is an abundance of wealth today, there are many parallels between the behavior of the wealthy in the novel and the behavior of today’s rich. Fitzgerald displays the moral emptiness and lack of personal ethics and responsibility that is evident today throughout the book. He also examines the interactions between social classes and the supposed noblesse oblige of the upper class. The idea of the American dream and the prevalence of materialism are also scrutinized. All of these social issues spoken about in The Great Gatsby are relevant in modern society. F. Scott Fitzgerald uses this novel as an indictment of a corrupt American culture that is still present today.
Mark Twain used the backdrop of a children’s adventure novel to expose the post-Civil War Deep South for what it really was; highly prejudice and slow to change. Some people may argue, “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” is merely an interesting sequel to the already successful, “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”. But, “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” is much more than that. Twain used the “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” to show how the majority of people in the Deep South continued to be highly prejudice, often corrupt, and slow change. Through Jim, a “black” man, Twain shows how “blacks” are every bit as human and compassionate as “whites”. And, in Huck, he shows how a logical person went through a metamorphous to break away from the traditions of the Deep South to realize “blacks” are people too. In this story, Twain successfully shed light on the unsavory side of the Deep South at a time when our country wasn’t necessarily ready to face it.
“The Jungle,” written by Upton Sinclair in 1906, describes how the life and challenges of immigrants in the United States affected their emotional and physical state, as well as relationships with others. The working class was contrasted to wealthy and powerful individuals who controlled numerous industries and activities in the community. The world was always divided into these two categories of people, those controlling the world and holding the majority of the power, and those being subjected to them. Sinclair succeeded to show this social gap by using the example of the meatpacking industry. He explained the terrible and unsafe working conditions workers in the US were subjected to and the increasing rate of corruption, which created the feeling of hopelessness among the working class.
According to the dictionary, the definition of dissatisfaction is the quality or state of being unhappy or discontent. Dissatisfaction is a disease that theoretically knows no prejudices, has no cure, and almost everyone has it. This is a global epidemic, that can destroy a man in the time it takes to snap your fingers. Physically most people will be alright but discontent will rot you to the core on the inside. Unfortunately, not being content seems to be a very common part of society today and in the past. The theme of not be satiated by life is especially seen in the famous novel, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. All the characters in this novel seemingly have achieved the american dream but they are all unhappy and never get what they really want in the end. Also, no character is satisfied with their marriage, with love, and with life in general. They are all unhappy with their lives and they destroy the lives of others in order to satisfy themselves. The Great Gatsby teaches us that even being wealthy and powerful, people can still be dissatisfied and will do anything in order to be happy. Therefore, despite believing that we have it all, dissatisfaction still plagues the human spirit.
Sinclair’s full name is Upton Beall Sinclair Jr. Sinclair was born in Baltimore, Maryland on September 20, 1878. From early age he has been exposed to differences which might’ve influenced him greatly when it came to his thinking later on in life. His father was an alcoholic liquor salesman and his mother was religiously strict. He was raised on the edge of poverty but he was exposed to riches when it came to his mother’s wealthy family.
Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, a truly famous novel that has been revisited by many, as well as revised by the author in the many years since its original publication. Within this novel Shelley conveys the tragic fictional story of Victor Frankenstein and his monster that he thoughtlessly brought to life, as well as the lives of those affected by his hideous creation. Throughout the novel it is made quite apparent that the monster was not inherently evil, in fact the monster was quite benign, however through its interactions with society the monster is slowly shaped into a being that can truly be called just that, a monster. All of the aforementioned change to the monster are brought about in part by the societal standards of the time period
Throughout Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, the reader is lead to sympathize with the monstrous creature, which was created by Victor Frankenstein. Despite any internal contradictions, the creature has the indisputable outward appearance of a monster, one repulsive to even his own creator. Inevitably, the appearance becomes the creature’s most significant quality, which eliminates any recognition of other, more human, qualities. As a result, any possibility of acceptance within human society are completely destroyed. The creature himself even recognizes this fact. Expressing many human qualities, such rejection and the consequential loneliness has a tremendous impact on the creature, especially in the impressionable years after his initial animation. With the psychological effects caused by these factors, the creature is sent on a rampage, causing tragedy throughout the course of the novel. Many may question Victor’s culpability and lack of responsibility over his creation; however, the ultimate blame for the events must be placed while considering the situation on a larger scale. Without a structured beginning to life, the creature is subjected to the harsh society around him, whose reactions only lead the creature to exile and psychological torment, justifying his wrongful actions.
Douglas, J. D., Philip Wesley Comfort and Donald Mitchell. Who's Who in Christian History. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1992.