Capital
Tallinn is the major capital of Estonia with a population of approximately 390 thousand. Located along the coast of the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Finland, is one of the largest cities of Estonia in habiting nearly thirty percent of the total population in Estonia. Home of one of the best preserved medieval towns in Europe, Toopea Hill, located the center of Tallinn, features architecture which originated in the 15th and 17th century. Various notable site in Toopea are the Russian grand orthodox church, the Nevky cathedral, and their St Mary’s Cathedral, which is considered to be the country oldest cathedral since 1229. Other cities in Estonia are Tartu, Narvu, Kohtla, Jarve, and Parnu. Languages spoken are Estonian, Russian, and German, all of which is widely well-spoken and understood.
History on Estonia
In the 13th century, Estonia was under constant rule and resisting assault from neighboring nations until declaring independence until the 1990’s. in 1346, the Danish, who were in possession of northern Estonia, sold their territory off to the Teutonic knight of Germany, a religious military order back in medieval times who had possession of southern Estonia and Latvia(past known as Livonia). Under the knight’s rule, the Estonians were reduced to serfdom, which classifies as the lowest class of society (peasants, slaves, etc.). In 1526, the Swedish were next to in line to take over. Less than 200 years later, in 1721, under the Peace of Nystad, Russia became Sweden’s successor in control over Estonia. Estonia was subjected under Baltic and Czarist until months ending of WWI. During that time, Estonia first achieved independence (1918-1920); shortly months after the start of WWII the nation was once again occupied by Rus...
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Estonian Holidays. Retrieved March 25, 2014 from: http://www.estonia.eu/about-estonia/country/estonian-holidays.html
Estonia map Retrieved on March 23, 2014 from: http://www.mapsofworld.com/estonia/
Estonian Modern Culture. Retrieved March 25, 2014 from: http://www.estonia.eu/about-estonia/culture-a-science/modern-culture.html
Estonian Sports. Retrieved March 25, 2014 from: http://www.estonia.eu/about-estonia/culture-a-science/sports.html
The Estonian government. (n.d.) Retrieved March 25, 2014 from: http://www.estonia.eu/about-estonia/country/government.html
The State- structures and symbols. Retrieved March 25, 2014 from: http://www.estonia.eu/about-estonia/country/the-state--structure-and-symbols.html
After World War II, Europe emerged as a continent torn between two very different political ideologies, Communism and Democracy. As the two major superpowers, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States, struggled to defend their respective governmental policies, the European Continent was caught in an intrinsic struggle to preserve the autonomy which had taken so long to achieve. During the Cold War, Eastern European nations struggled to achieve autonomy with the help of the West's dedication to break the Soviet sphere of influence. After the disintegration of the USSR, the struggle for autonomy among nations shifted from an intense, inward, nationalistic struggle to break away from a superpower to a commitment of international unity and cooperation as nations began to take moral and political responsibility for their actions.
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Latvia has a long history of being controlled by other countries and they struggled for many years for independence. It started with the Vikings, the German crusaders, Russia, Poland, Lithuania, and Sweden. By 1800, Russia had total control of Latvia. Germany and Russia then fought again for control, but finally in 1918 Latvia gained its independence. Even after gaining its independence, Latvia was under Russian control again until 1919 when they joined...
Kirby, David, The Baltic World 1772-1993: Europe's Northern Periphery in an Age of Change (London: Longman, 1995).
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Ed. John Merriman and Jay Winter. "Slovakia." Europe Since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction. Vol. 4. Detroit: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2006. 2358-2359. World History in Context. Web. 11 Mar. 2014.
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