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Genital herpes case study
Genital herpes case study
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Caden Nash
Mr. Rousselle
Health 7th
3 December 2015
Genital Herpes Genital Herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in America. Although herpes is extremely common however, it is not fatal. At least 45 million americans over the age of twelve are infected by the herpes virus, this is ⅕ of the population in the United States. This means that in every five people, one is likely to be infected with the virus. Herpes is “any of several viral diseases causing the eruption of small blister like vessels on the skin or mucous membranes especially herpes simplex or herpes zoster.” In other words, genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that affects the skin and can spread to the area of skin around the infection.
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Outbreaks or symptoms usually occur between three and five days however, sometimes outbreaks can show up months or even years after contact. Infected individuals usually have about four outbreaks a year for the first few years, then the number of outbreaks goes down. Usually the outbreaks happen near where the virus entered the body. Everyone does not always have the same outbreak symptoms and the outbreaks can come and go over time. Different contributors can bring on outbreaks. Stress, hormones, trauma, immunosuppression or illness are some of the contributing factors. Herpes outbreaks begin at the area of exposure, with an itching and burning sensation. Later, as the symptoms progress, watery blisters form, then later become open sores. Outbreaks can cause sores on or near lips, genitals, rectal area, buttocks or thighs. General symptoms can include small red bumps, swollen glands, muscle aches, headaches, genital discharge or pain when urinating. The first twentyfour hours are critical after contracting the virus and the quicker a medical regiment is in place the better the overall outcome. Medicine can calm the symptoms however, the virus will never leave the body. A blood test can be administered to determine if the virus is in the …show more content…
Oral herpes can be spread to the genital with infected oral contact. During sexual contact herpes can spread to the partner when there are open sores however, it can also spread when there are no symptoms present. The herpes is most contagious for the first six months after contracting the virus. Condoms can block but not completely prevent the spread of the virus. Abstinence is the best defence in preventing herpes.
Herpes also means “to creep.” The STD is referred “to creep” because of its reputation to stay with you indefinitely and to outbreak at random times. Herpes has a tendency “to creep” from person to person due to the fact many people do not know they have the virus. Most teens do not know much about this virus. Teens are are the fastest growing population contracting the virus. Once one has been infected with the virus it stays with you for the rest of your
Most people in the U.S. learn STDs in their health class in high school. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that causes sores over private parts or all over the body in a later stage. Syphilis is caused by a bacteria called spirochete. The spirochete cannot survive outside the body. The only way to get the disease is by intimate contact, but catching it is rare. Having more than one partner could increase the chances to catch the disease. The spirochete enters in a break in your skin genitals area or mouth. Once in your body, about three weeks it becomes a sore or have multiple sores. The sore looks like a crater on the surface of the skin. In the first stage it can be treated easily with antibiotics or penicillin. The second stage the syphilis spreads to the rest of the body. It is visible in your hand and soles on your feet. It can cause cardio-vascular disease, mental problems, paralysis, blindness and tumors. Syphilis has links to HIV/AIDS. It also attacks your nervous system. After infection it takes 21 to develop any symptoms for other people it takes from 10 to ninety days. It acts like no other disease known. The last stage is the deadliest if ignored, by the person. The damage obtained by syphilis is irreversible. By practicing safe sex (condoms), or having one sex partner can prevent these
According to Medline Plus, the herpes simplex virus, also known as HSV, causes the infection known as Herpes. There are two types of HSV; there is Oral herpes that causes cold sores around the mouth or face and Oral herpes, or HSV 1, usually causes cold sores, however it is quite easy to transmit this disease to the genital area and can cause genital herpes. There is also HSV 2 and that is the usual cause of genital herpes, and like HSV 1, HSV 2 can infect the mouth. HSV 2 is also known as genital herpes and can affects the anal, buttocks or genital areas. This is a sexually transmitted disease, however there are other herpes infections that can affect the eyes, skin, or other parts of the body. Herpes can be dangerous in newborn babies or in individuals with weak immune systems.
Herpes Simplex is a common virus that causes infection in humans. This virus is spread in both humans and animals. However, humans are the primary reservoirs for HSV and are the only ones that experience any symptoms. There are two types of Herpes Simplex known as HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 primarily causes oral herpes while HSV-2 causes genital herpes.1 This virus is easily contracted and often during one’s childhood. Unfortunately, this virus is latent and reoccurs every so often, more so during times of stress. Herpes Simplex is a mild infection for most, however, this virus can lead to many serious complications.
In certain studies it suggests that woman is at higher risk than man.in most cases the pain will go away within three months. The blisters can cause an infection if not properly kept clean and kept free from irritations. It can become infected and cause scarring. In rare cases shingles have been associated with Stevens-Johnsons syndrome, an extensive and serious condition in which blisters cover mucous membranes and large parts of the body. Eyes can be at risk if you have shingles disease on your face. Shingles almost always occurs in adults. The rash usually starts out as a small red clear spot. Between 12-24 hours later the spots will become filled with fluid filled blisters. Usually within 7-10 days the blisters will heal. During the prodome phase a cluster of warning symptoms appear 3-4 days before the outbreak of shingles. The rash can occur on the arms, legs, neck, and face, but usually on the trunk of the body. The shingles vaccine is a stronger version of the chickenpox vaccine. Some of the treatments for shingles are reduced pain, reduce discomfort, and prevent the disease from
... really able to be spread but also prevented. There are different treatments that can stop the process of this infection that will help cure it and stop the spread. If you didn’t know, there are three main prescriptions that are used to help stop this. “Doxycycline 100 mg 2-3 times a day for 10-14 days, Zithromax (azithromycin) 1.0 gm a single dose, and Zithromax Z-pak (azithromycin) - 500mg on day 1, followed by 1 tab (250mg) once a day for 4 more days will help your situation” (Sexually Transmitted Disease Guide). After this process, make sure you go to your normal doctor of local for check ups. Keep in mind to finish the prescription given even if you feel like you are better. In conclusion, to prevent all of this mass destruction and chaos, wait until you and your partner is both checked out by your doctor to make sure the both of you are clean from anything.
HIV, like many other STD's is transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse. However, it can also be transmitted by infected "blood transfusions", an infected mother to fetus, and sharing infected needles as well as breast milk (2009, NIAID). The reason it is really unlikely that a person should contract this virus by skin contact, is because the way HIV invades a person's system (2009, NIAID). The virus itself has special markers on its plasma membrane called "CD Markers" that locate specific cells within a person's body that target specific cells such as helper-T Cells and Microphages (2012, Phelan). The HIV virus cannot invade cells that it cannot latch on to, so a handshake with a person who has HIV will not transfer the disease because skin cells do not have the appropriate receptors that the virus can attack. When the HIV cells find the specific cell it targets, they attach themselves to its surface and then releases its DNA proteins into the cell. The virus's DNA then take over the host cell's DNA and commands it to create copies of the HIV virus. The cell produces viral RNA which creates viral proteins that migrate to the cell edge and form an undeveloped HIV virus which then is expelled from the cell and matures into a new copy of the HIV virus.
As an undergraduate student the one word that you don’t want to hear from the doctors during a check-up or from a significant other is the word “syphilis”. This is like social suicide in addition to the obvious health issues and pictures that come to mind when hearing about this STD. A term that we have come to hear and to an extent be frightened of ever since that one crazy sex-education teacher ,back in high school, told you it was basically a death sentence if you were to catch it. Now though it’s not necessarily a death sentence it definitely is not your average chicken pox. So what exactly does this have to do with pathology? Everything! Now let’s take a moment to mentally go back in time to the earliest record of this disease.
It usually starts with a skin rash and gradually develops on the body and head. The rash appears on the second day after the person gets the infection. Finally the rash forms into blisters which then burst and scabs over. It is highly communicable and easily spreads through cough and sneezes. Pregnant women and people who have a suppressed immune system have a higher tendency and are at a risk of severe complication. The incubation period of the disease is between 2-3 weeks. During winter and spring season, people are more prone to get the disease and become infected.
After a few days after developing a rash, it may change into small lumps all over the body. These symptoms may come just after a week of being infected. "The first symptoms may appear 12 to 14 days after you're infected." A rash will appear in the mouth and throat in the first few days, it will then spread to the face and arms and finally, the legs. The rashes will grow bigger as days go by, eventually transforming into large bumps filled with puss and fluid. Then these bumps are replaced with blisters, which will drop off and that indicates that the person has become infected and can possibly spread the disease.
Therefore this is how long it tales for the chickenpox rashes to become visible in ones body before it becomes dormant in the nervous system. Since the varicella zoster virus can cause two diseases, chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (zoster herpes) it causes different signs and symptoms. Many people know that chickenpox causes red rashes/bumps all over the body that produces itchiness and discomfort. The rash usually starts on the face, scalp, or chest, and quickly spreads throughout the body. It usually appears a few days after you have been exposed. Over 4 days, each blister tends to dry out and form a scab, which then falls off 9 to 13 days later (Varicella-zoster virus, 2016). Along with the rashes comes fever due to the body defense mechanism. As for shingles it is a little different. Shingles is the latent reaction that came from chicken pox and the sings and symptoms are slightly different. “The typical shingles rash starts as redness followed by blisters that usually cover only one side of your body. The rash follows the path of the nerve where the virus has lain dormant. Before the rash appears, you will have warning symptoms of pain, usually a sharp, aching, piercing, tearing, or burning sensation, on the part of your body where the rash appears 1 to 5 days later. That area may also feel itchy, numb, and unbearably sensitive to
Young adults between the ages of fifteen to twenty-four contract half of all new sexually transmitted diseases (STD) recorded, also in sexually active females, one in four have been exposed to an STD (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (CDC) 2016). The occurrence of STDs among young adults in the United States in 2007 was that 1.1 million was diagnoses with them (Dembo et al., 2009). Over 7.5% of STDs have increased during 2006 (Dembo et al., 2009), the highest between the ages of fifteen to twenty-four within the past year STDs have increased in testing positive, males increased to 37%, females increased to 70% (Cunningham et al., 2009). As of today, the largest increase of STDs among young adults had been researched a rate of fifty point one million percent STD between 2006 and 2014 (CDC, 2015). STD has dramatically increased in the past few years, there are treatments for young adults in how to prevent catching STDs. This paper will discuss the varying growth of different types of STDs, STD-related stigma, and prevention of STDs among young adults.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases STDs, a.k.a venereal diseases, infectious diseases passed from one person to another during sexual contact. STDs are the most common infections known. More than 12 million people in the United States, including 3 million teenagers, are infected with STDs every year. The United States has the highest STD rate in the world about one in ten Americans will contract an STD during his or her lifetime. People who do not know they are infected risk infecting their sexual partners and, in some cases, their unborn children. If left untreated, these diseases may cause pain or may destroy a woman's ability to have children. Some STDs can be cured with a single dose of antibiotics, but AIDS cannot be cured. Those most at risk for contracting STDs are people who have unprotected sex—without using a condom, people who have multiple partners, and people whose sex partners are drug users who share needles. Static’s show that Americans between the ages of 16 and 24 are most likely of catching STDs than older adults, because younger people usually have multiple sexual partners than an older person in a long-term relationship. Teenagers may be embarrassed to tell their sexual partners they are infected Teenagers may also be embarrassed or unable to seek medical attention for STDs. This means that they only more likely to pass the disease to other young people and have a greater risk of suffering the long-term consequences of untreated STDs. STDs are transmitted by infectious bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, and single-celled organisms called protozoa that live in warm, moist parts of the body, like the genital area, mouth, and throat. Most STDs are spread while having sex, but oral sex can also spread disease. Some STDs are passed from a mother to her child while pregnant, when the disease enters the baby's bloodstream, during childbirth as the baby passes through the birth canal, or after birth, when the baby drinks infected breast milk. AIDS can be transmitted by blood contact such as open wounds, between people who share infected needles or received through an injection of infected blood. Some people believe that STDs can be transmitted through shaking hands or other casual contact, or through contact with inanimate objects such as clothing or toilet seats, but they can’t. Chlamydeous, is from trachoma is bacterium, is the most commonly transmitted STD in the United States.
According to the CDC, Center for Disease Control, during the first 48 hours symptoms like fever, headache, drowsiness, and could be apparent before the rash. The red, burning, itchy dots could appear all of the body including the arms, legs, head, chest, belly, and inside genitals. Blisters that are filled with clear fluid and ulcers can develop from the sores. The sores and blisters will eventually dry up and turn into scabs. The amount of spots on a person can differ per case; some have extreme amounts of blisters all of their bodies, while others barely have blisters. Warm conditions tend to irritate the rash more. The disease is easy to recognize because its main sign is rash. It is rare to get a lab for diagnosis for chicken pox although the varciella zoster virus can be diagnosed by a blood test that detects the antibodies for the
...lomavirus (HPV), pelvic inflammatory disease, syphilis, trichomoniasis, vaginal infections, and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including recent facts about prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention : along with tips on discussing and living with STDs, updates on current research and vaccines, a glossary of related terms, and resources for additional help and information (4th ed.). Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics.
Sexually transmitted diseases are common in those who have multiple sex partners. Those with multiple sex partners are more likely to be infected with a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Josh McDowell informs his readers: At least one person in four will contract an STD at some point in his or her life. As many as 56 million American adults and teenagers are infected with an incurable STD. At least 24 million people are infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), or genital warts, and as many as one million new infections occur each year. HPV associated with cervical and other genital and anal cancers (McDowell 35). Misuse of contraceptives and the lack of knowledge about the consequences of sex are two huge contributors to the high number of STD cases reported the United States.