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Explores the similarities and differences in psychodynamic, behavioural and cognitive theories
Cognitive theory in psychology
Explores the similarities and differences in psychodynamic, behavioural and cognitive theories
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Recommended: Explores the similarities and differences in psychodynamic, behavioural and cognitive theories
1. Intro
This essay will use cognitive, sociocultural and humanist teaching theories to discuss how it is we learn. “Genie” will be used to see the result of a complete disregard to theses theories and a possible result of an inhumane learning experience.
Learning is a complex word to define as it varies on the theorist asked. The premise of learning which is conventionally agreed upon is that “its an acquisition of knowledge or skills, experience, or being taught”(Oxford, 2016). There is a premise that can be considered to be generally agreeable within pedagogy about the more complex issue of how we learn. As humans we have a “nærmest ubegrensede forutsetninger for å lære”(Befring, 2014, p 142). Meaning that we learn as a result of being
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This resulted in a stunted physical and cognitive growth:
When she entered Children’s Hospital at the age of 14 – still in diapers- Genie was the size of an 8-year-old with the language and motor skills of a baby, speaking only a few words – including “stopit” and “nomore” (James, S. D, 2008)
2. Sociocultural
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The humanist theory has been criticized for being subjective in its research as opposed to cognitive theory, which has a “large amount of supporting data to back up their theories”(Hobbiss, n.d) and from a practical stand point; applying the theory can be challenging as it is “highly dependent on the skill of the teacher”(Hobbiss, n.d). Considering what happened to Genie, she didn’t learn properly because she wasn’t catered to as a human being. According to Edvard Befring (2014), the student should be considered as someone with “personlige intensjoner, interesser og drømmer”(Befring, 2014, p 12), and by not harnessing these the teacher doesn’t have “grunnlaget for effektiv læring”(Befring, 2014, p 12). So the reasons leading to her reoccurring “silence” would be derived from negligence; as the “team members were divided into combative camps, accusing one another of exploitation. Butler criticized the team members for overtesting the child”(James, 2008). This resulted in her being transferred to different foster homes, several of which were abusive where she “immediately regressed”(James, 2008). People learn when they are engaged as human beings with expectations to
Jasmine Beckford’s case is the oldest out of the three; in 1984 Jasmine died as a result of long-term abuse aged 4. In 1981 her and her younger sister suffered serious injuries and were paced with foster carers for six months. After this they were allowed back home with their mother on a trial basis as social services were meant to support them. During the last ten months of Jasmine’s life she was only seen once by social workers (Corby, 2006).
The foster care system, then as now was desperate for qualified homes. Kathy and her husband had become certified foster parents, she was a certified teacher, and they had empty beds in their home. Their phone soon bega...
Another obstacle Olivia and Sabreen encounter is the lack of adult support in the foster care system. Family support is a crucial variable mediating the influence of neighborhood on a child’s development (Burton & Jarrett, 2000); nonetheless, Olivia and Sabreen receive little support and guidance and must quickly survive on their own.
Three examples of why this occurs are how they view their parents, their involvement with the multicultural centre, and their placements into the foster homes they were placed in. With April six at the time she was taken away from home, she was able to remember all the things her parents did like drinking “taking medicine," having parties, and seeing her mom “kissing” other people “insert quotes”. When April is older, she remembers all of these things and realizes that it can ruin her life if she starts going down the same path. When April was living in the DeRosier house she was reminded of her parents behaviour because she was being taunted by the DeRosier kids “insert quote”.
Some people think it is impossible for someone to become productive if they had an abusive or neglected childhood. There are many people that recovered from an abusive childhood. One person that you will read about later on in my essay is, Oprah Winfrey. She used to be sexually abused when in her childhood. Look at her now, she is one of the highest paid women. Not only that, she is an African American woman. People believed women were not capable of being better than a man and/or working harder than a man. Especially African American women, we were the lowest of the lows. Oprah proved many people wrong.
Scannapieco, Maria, Kelli Connell-Carrick, and Kirstin Painter. "In Their Own Words: Challenges Facing Youth Aging Out Of Foster Care." Child & Adolescent Social Work Journal 24.5 (2007): 423-435. Academic Search Premier. Web. 4 Jan. 2014.
“About two-thirds of children admitted to public care have experienced abuse and neglect, and many have potentially been exposed to domestic violence, parental mental illness and substance abuse” (Dregan and Gulliford). These children are being placed into foster care so that they can get away from home abuse, not so they can move closer towards it. The foster children’s varied outcomes of what their adult lives are is because of the different experiences they grew up with in their foster homes. The one-third of those other foster children usually has a better outcome in adult life than the other two-thirds, which is a big problem considering the high percentage of children being abused in their foster homes. Although, the foster care system has most definitely allowed children to experience the positive home atmosphere that they need there is still an existed kind of abusive system in the foster care program that is unofficial but seems to be very popular. Foster care focuses on helping children in need of a temporary stable environment; however, foster care can have negative impacts to the children and the people around them concerning the foster child going through the transition, the parents of the foster child, a new sibling relationship, and problems that arrive later influencing the foster child long-term.
On November 4, 1970 in Los Angeles, California Genie’s condition was brought to attention by a social worker. The worker discovered the 13-year old girl in a small, dimly lit, confined bedroom. An investigation by authorities exposed that the child had spent most of her life in this room and typically was tied to a potty chair. Genie was found in diapers because she was not potty trained. Her case is an example of extreme isolation from human contact, society, sunlight, and any other environments besides her room. The deprivation of attachment showed when she was timid to humans, almost afraid. Someone whose life was a developmental nightmare could not possibly be expected to have the basic trust that the world is trustworthy and predictable. The life she lived was incredibly horrifying as morals, and psychology portray just how severe the consequences were on Genie.
Twenty-five percent of all participating adolescents experienced physical abuse, which is a nearly three-fold increase in risk compared to the general population. Prevalence rates in residential care, especially in secure care, were significantly higher than in foster care” (Euser, Alink, Tharner, Van IJzendoorn, Bakersman-Kranenburg, 2013). Children who are abused often act out in other forums. These are the children that become the bullies, or begin stealing from stores. They also have a decrease in grades. It is sometimes difficult for children who are abused before entering foster care, to find a home placement due to their background. Many foster families do not want to take a chance with an abused child who may begin to act out, especially with older children. Abused children many times, turn to drugs and alcohol. They become addicted to these things and when they become legal age to live on their own, they become homeless. They do not have the skills and knowledge that they need to
One of the cases found in the novel by Cynthia Crosson-Tower dealt with a little girl by the name of Jessica Barton. Although still a small child, her foster family had an issue trying to raise her in which she gave them behavioral issues and she would not react to them and was hard to ...
She’s pretty much gotten used to staying home by herself every night, trying to figure out how to do her homework without any help. But then one day, Carley’s mother got hurt. For the time being, she wasn’t well enough to take care of her daughter. The only option for Carley was to become a foster child. At first, Carley was resistant because, well, who wouldn’t be if they were about to become part of a family they didn’t even know?
Education is defined as, “The act or process of educating or being educated, the knowledge or skill obtained or developed by a learning process, a program of instruction of a specified kind or level, the field of study that is concerned with the pedagogy of teaching and learning, as well as an instructive or enlightening experience” (No author). People begin their education from day one till the day they die. Every day we learn new things in different ways. Whether someone is just telling us some random fact or you are sitting in a classroom being lectured by a professor. The main focus of this classical argument involves the learning that is done in the classroom or lecture hall in the schools of America today. The question arose as to which style of teaching is most effective in sparking the minds of the receivers to make them become transformers of their education? Would the “banking concept” of teaching be more effective, where “the scope of the action allowed to the students extends only as far as receiving, filing, and storing the deposits” (pg. 260). Or would the “problem posing” style of teaching be the most effective, where by “responding to the essence of consciousness—intentionally—rejects communiqués and embodies communications. It epitomizes the special characteristic of consciousness” (pg. 265). In this essay I intend persuade you the audience to take in my experiences and the experience of two other authors, whom I will be showing you later, and take a look from my point of view.
The number one questions the surrounds the case of Genie Wiley is whether she was born mentally retarded or was this a result of her ten years in isolation from birth? This question can receive two different answers based on how you choose to perceive the nature or the nurture of another person. Genie did have the capacity to grow, just as Victor did in a similar study years ago in France. Once their isolation was removed, they began to civilize, which leads myself to believe that nurture took more part in the development in Genies behavior rather than a genetic disorder that her father seemed to believe she had.
When people grow up in rough conditions it can be very difficult for them to turn their lives around for the better. There are countless stories of people growing up with a history of rape, assault and other various forms of abuse and it being very hard for them to turn their lives around. Alice Walker, the author of the novel The Color Purple, experienced many hardships in her life that she eventually overcame. Similarly, the protagonist in her novel, Celie, grew up with physical and mental abuse starting from a young age. She was raped by her Stepfather and even when she was placed in a marriage, the abuse did not stop.
Watching The Secret of The Wild Child, I felt an enormous amount of sympathy for Genie. The thing I found most disturbing was the fact that she was tethered to a potty, she could have caught a wide range of disease from it. What I found most interesting about the documentary was how her rehabilitation team allowed her experiment to fall through. I believe that Genie could have benefited more if the experiment