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More handpicked essays just for you.
List of effects of crime
Consequences of crime on an individual
Effects of crime on individual and society
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The film Dawg Fight can be viewed through the lens of general strain theory. Robert Agnew’s theory focuses on delinquency as the result of the various negative pressures put on a person. The theory identifies three distinct types of strain: negative-based, failure-based, and loss-based. The fighters in the film each demonstrate failure-based strain. Most of the fighters have criminal records and have served time. When they come out of the prison system they find that though the system claims to have rehabilitated them, potential employers view them as criminals and they are left without any prospects of a career. Their failure to get a job means they are unable to support themselves or their families, which leads them to get involved in backyard
The legal system is a procedure for interpreting and enforcing the law. It is a set of laws that all communities in civilisation must obey. The penal system is a method where people are punished for violating the legal system. The book "Raw" is about a young sixteen-year-old born trouble maker, Brett Anthony Dalton. He is a recidivist and has no respect for the community and the law. An example of this, is said by the Magistrate, "Make no mistake, Brett,' she warned before the cops dragged him out back into a holding cell, ‘this is your last chance. If you end up in another court ---- it's jail." (Page 4). Consequently, Brett's punishment was a 3-month sentence at a low detention security centre called "The Farm", which was owned and ran by Sam and Mary Fraser. "Like every juvenile detention centre, it aimed to turn troublemakers like himself into model citizens. Brett snorted. As if." (Page 3). Throughout this essay, I will discuss the points regarding Brett Dalton's positive transformation whilst at "The Farm". Therefore, the penal and legal systems have given Brett the opportunity to change his life.
Boyz N the Hood is a classic film for African American culture and depicts juvenile delinquency in the tough streets of L.A. They can relate all too well to the situations these three best friends went through. To apply this movie to the life-course perspective and strain theories we have to analyze these three boy’s realities from a structural, social and cultural level to determine why they ended up deviant and they way they started off. Sampson and Laub’s theory was, criminal activity as well as elements preventative of crime, change throughout the life-course. While all of the criminals have some form of a shared beginning. While Merton’s strain theories revolve around five different types, that puts people into certain categories; conformity,
From compassion comes solidarity and from solidarity comes the empowerment for redemption. Boyle’s desire to help the less fortunate redeem themselves in society set the ground work for his creation of Homeboy Industries, the non-profit organization dedicated to helping gang members change their lives for the better through education and employment opportunities. After Boyle shows these gang members love and compassion they begin to excel in their path of redemption. Boyle’s efforts prove that ostracizing gang members only makes the environment worse for everyone. Homeboy Industries proves that with hard work redemption is absolutely possible for anyone who truly wants to
Strain theory suggests that crime is a result of people’s goals and the means available to achieve them. Nino Brown’s ultimate goal is to obtain the American Dream which means having a lot of money. It is implied in his criminal behavior that he does not view the legitimate means as a way of achieving that goal. As a man who is undereducated and Black, the normal means of achieving the American Dream are pail in comparison to the illegal means. In fact, he sees the illegal means as more effective; this is the Anomie. The Anomie theory holds that socially defined goals are mandated, but the means to achieve them are stratified by class and society. The Cash Money Brothers program The Carter is built on a culture of poverty that has developed abnormally as a result of crack cocaine, and crime becomes the answer as a result of a breakdown in family, school, and employment. The Social Disorganization theory, in New Jack City, would mean that the criminal behavior demonstrated by the Cash Money Brothers is direct result of a serious degradation in the quality of capable guardians, the school system, and the absence of legitimate jobs stemming from Raegonomics. Therefore, the drive for material wealth dominates and undermines social and community values, thereby, providing room for criminal behavior to become more appealing and effective
The proposal of Robert Agnew’s General Strain Theory in explaining criminal deviance is based on three concepts. The first concept is that people are not naturally inclined to commit crimes. Rather, their transition towards deviant behavior begins when they experience strain. The second concept is that once strain is present, depending on the severity of the stain, a person becomes victim to their own negative emotions like anger, jealousy, and frustration. Their response to those negative emotions may expedite their transition. The third concept looks at a person’s ability to cope with the strain and negative emotions. If a person has poor coping abilities they tend to become overwhelmed by the strain and the negative emotions they are feeling as a result of strain. Poor coping abilities may cause someone to commit crime in hopes of rectifying their situation. (Agnew, 2011)
The focus of a psychologist’s study would be to identify the physical, social, mental and emotional issues within the environment that affect human psyche through a predisposition towards violence. This study would involve evaluation of personal life experiences of gang members, to identify the presence of common stressors and factors. Further investigation would be conducted to establish an understanding of how these factors initiate violence within the psyche.
The brothers’ vigilante deviance has many causes, all stemming form the Social theory of deviance. The Labeling, Conflict and Strain theories are three of the most important theories for understanding what caused the brothers to start, continue, and stop killing the mafia. Each of the theories plays a part in causing the brothers’ to kill, but without all of them they would not have the acceptance and success that they did. These theories, even though they are meant for the real world are just as relevant for works of fiction in movies and books.
In Palahniuk’s Fight Club, Tyler Durden is a conformist to society that experienced a personal tragedy which led him to disengage from the societal normality and found an organization known as Fight Club, an underground street fighting competition. Tyler was once an aspiring businessperson. His failure was the cause of his conformity. Tyler then began to work as a security guard, primarily conducting after hour duties. This led him to begin stealing left over human fat to create the ingredients for the manufacture of explosives with the aim of supplementing his income (Schuessler). Here a personal tragedy, specifically failure, led to a behavioural condition known as disengagement. Tyler retracted himself from the typical American societal expectations and rebelled through forms of crime and backlash.
One of the major problems of corrections today is the security threat group - more commonly known as the prison gang. A security threat group (STG) can be defined as any group of offenders who pose a treat to the security and physical safety of the institution. Throughout the 1960's and 1970's, prison gangs focused primarily on uniting inmates for self protection and the monopolization of illegal prison activities for monetary gain (F.B.P., 1994, p. 2). STGs are mostly divided along racial lines and practiced defiance towards authority. STGs use a variety of hand signs, alphabet codes, tattoos, and different types of gang terminology. Gangs characteristically have rivals and make an alliance with other gangs. The criminal activity of S.T.G.’s does not only exist inside the confines of the prison walls, but has flowed to the outside world. “Prostitution, extortion, drug selling, gambling, loan sharking – such activities are invariably operated by prison gangs” (Gaines, Kaune, Miller, 2000, p.652). The Texas Prison System consists of eleven classified security threat groups; Texas chooses to classify a gang as a STG when they become involved in violent activity. “Prison gangs exist in the institutions of forty states and also in the federal system” (Clear and Cole, 2000, p. 260). Three main stages that the offender will experience with the S.T.G. are recruitment, the gang experience, and affiliation upon release.
The juxtaposition of the Saints and the Roughnecks exhibited that while both in-groups committed criminal acts, the members of the Saints gang engaged in sociological face-work and were not subject to
The example in this movie is the leader of the Ax gang being able to bond all this criminals even from other gangs to him. An example is the crocodile gang joining up in the beginning with the Ax gang. The next theory in the film is Marx’s theory of crime. His theory states that everyone sees everybody as a rival to be exploited for personnel gain. This is relevant in the film with every conflict in the film Sing vs pigsty alley he sees them as an easy target for personnel gain by exploiting them. In the part of theory that crime serves who parasitically live off criminal function. This part of the theory is met by The Ax gang who live like parasites off the crimes the commit. The next conflict theory that we can see in the movie is Bongers theory. Bongers theory is crime is function of criminal thought and egoist societies are more likely to have more criminal activity over ultraistic society. This theory is shown in the movie by the egoist criminals the ax Gang vs Ultraistic society of pig sty alley. Since it is more of an egoist society in the movie that is reason why there is so much crime in the movie. The next theory is Quinney which is law is applied by visibility and degree of threat to perceived
"Catching Them Early" observes one teenager's struggle to remove himself from gang violence without alienating his old friends. "Two of my friends," he says, "have got shot down, [and] they were not banging' anymore. I'm just trying to stay out of trouble. I don't say I'm lucky until probably ten years from now. You never know who's going to come up behind you."
Mike Tyson is one of the most celebrated and notorious professional boxers of all time. Once a ferocious and feared fighter in the ring, Tyson is often remembered by what he did outside of the boxing ring during his career. His violent and aggressive outbursts have drawn in the attention of the media and fans around the world. Tyson grew up in an environment that facilitated his learned behavior of violence and aggression towards other people. The behavioral model of development will show how Mike Tyson was conditioned by other people and his life experiences to behave in an abnormal and dysfunctional lifestyle.
In 1988, Father Greg Boyle made a commitment to help at-risk gang members’ change their criminal ways. Through program he developed, Homeboy Industries, gang members were offered legal jobs in order to become functional members of society. Father Greg felt that if these gang-affiliated individuals could have some alternate opportunity, they could turn their life around and end their criminal behavior. Since 1988, Father Greg has enhanced and re-developed the structure of the program, but it has definitely been a success story for many Los Angeles gang members. Father Greg was right. The control theory suggests that if individuals are raised in good morals and granted opportunities and legal paths to success (external controls), they will develop the internal controls that they use to avoid criminal behavior (Traub & Little, 1999, p. 303).
Researchers have long sought to understand the salience of gang involvement (Varano, Huebner and Bynum, 2011). Studies show that those involved in gang activity “begin their delinquent/criminal careers earlier, experience higher levels of violent victimizations, have accelerated levels of participation in the most serious forms of delinquency, experience great number of incarceration periods, and are generally more problematic when incarcerated” (Varano, Huebner and Bynum, 2011). Gang involvement typically leads to delinquent behavior in youth and it leads them down the wrong path of life. There is typically a higher rate of youth involved in gangs who come from broken homes, do not have jobs, are on drugs or come from families that do drugs, and school drop