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The effects of abuse on children's development
Gender identity is both biologically and socially constructed
Differences between sex and gender
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Recommended: The effects of abuse on children's development
Gender, Sex, & Sexuality: Separate and NOT equal. First and foremost, a few key terms to keep in mind while reading this paper. "Sex”: refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women.[1] “Gender”: refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women.[2] “Gender identity“: an individual's self-conception as being male or female, as distinguished from actual biological sex.[3] With so many different terms, it is hard to keep up with the language and understanding of the complex idea of Gender Identity Disorder. If “sex” is a biological term, and “gender” is a sociological term, and “gender identity” is an individual’s self-conception whether or not one's gender matches up with one’s biological sex, where do we draw the line? How can we determine whether or not a person’s gender identity matches their sex? The answer is not an easy one. Gender identity is personal; it is not something that anyone else can determine for you. Therefore it is not up to science or other to say whether or not an individual's gender identity equals their chromosomes and genitalia. In the case of Daphne Scholinski, we are given insight into her incredibly abusive past as well as her journey through psychiatric facilities due to her diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder through her memoir The Last Time I Wore a Dress. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)[4] outlines the following criteria for a diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder in Childhood: In children, the disturbance is manifested by four (or more) of the following: 1. repeatedly stated desire to be, or insistence that he or she is, the other sex... ... middle of paper ... ...ical factors, and Daphne’s defiance towards her stereotypical gender role as a girl. Yes, her parents did cause her serious harm, physical and emotional abuse, but they did not make her want to be a boy. Biology and chromosomes determined her sex, society determined her gender based upon her biological sex, but Daphne has sole determination over her gender identity and sexuality. While these concepts are all linked, they are all separate in their own right and by no means do they equal each other. Works Cited http://www.who.int/gender/whatisgender/en/index.html http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/228219/gender-identity http://iiiprxy.library.miami.edu:4374/content.aspx?aID=10357&searchStr=gender+identity+disorder http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_role Hyde, Janet Shibley. Understanding Human Sexuality. Boston: Mcgraw-Hill College, 2006.
The word gender refers to a general classification of human beings into male and female with socially and culturally constructed characteristics, behaviors, attributes and roles preconceived and labelled as appropriate for each class. The society and culture today have placed human beings in a box which to a large extent dictates how we act in the world.
In conclusion, keeping Gender Dysphoria as a diagnosis aids the most vulnerable population in seeking treatment and care, options, protection, and guidance. As society and medicine moves forward, we may be able to steer away from mental health bias and general discrimination towards non-conformity, but for now it is important to protect the patients who are helped by the diagnosis. Gender Dysphoria currently allows patients to be treated under their insurance, have access to care, and fight for their
The clusters of social definitions used to identify persons by gender are collectively known as “femininity” and “masculinity.” Masculine characteristics are used to identify persons as males, while feminine ones are used as signifiers for femaleness. People use femininity or masculinity to claim and communicate their membership in their assigned, or chosen, sex or gender. Others recognize our sex or gender more on the basis of these characteristics than on the basis of sex characteristics, which are usually largely covered by clothing in daily life.
As stated above, “Gender Dysphoria often leads to distress and impairment” (Chapter 8, pg. 279). In my opinion, this little boy who calls himself “the Princess Boy” does not appear to have any signs of distress or impairment. However; there needs to be more evidence in order to prove if the little boy shows any signs of distress. For example: How are the little boy’s grades? Are the little boy’s surroundings such as friends or people around him accepting this type of behavior? How is the family home environment towards this type of behavior of his? As the little boy gets older, the little boy may or may not grow out of this type of behavior. However, as the little boy gets older he may show signs of distress if his surroundings are not accepting as they were when he was younger. After watch the video, it appears that his family is accepting this type of behavior. It also appears that the little boy is happy with his interests in girl related items and clothing.
Gender refers to psychological and emotional characteristics that cause people to assume, masculine, feminine or androgynous (having a combination of both feminine and masculine traits) roles. Your gender is learned and socially reinforced by others, as well as by your life experiences and g...
When it comes to gender identity, one’s perception on which gender they would prefer has a sociological effect on them. The minor details in our environment can have a major effect on a person such as television shows, books, and many other things. What people are unaware of is this spectrum called a gender continuum that can help show the different ways people identify their selves; a gender continuum is an extension of the gender spectrum that includes various types of “genders”. Many people struggle with gender identity and they are thought to have gender dysphoria. Gender dysphoria is deemed as a mental illness in which a person feels distressed at the fact of them not being able to express their inner identity (web m.d.). Many people that suffer with this disorder go searching for a way to “treat” themselves, but there isn’t a treatment for GID. Psychologist often suggest the best way to help you deal with your gender identity struggles is to go have a talk therapy session with a therapist. It takes a conscious mind to deal with gender identification
In Alice Munro’s “Boys and Girls,” there is a time line in a young girl’s life when she leaves childhood and its freedoms behind to become a woman. The story depicts hardships in which the protagonist and her younger brother, Laird, experience in order to find their own rite of passage. The main character, who is nameless, faces difficulties and implications on her way to womanhood because of gender stereotyping. Initially, she tries to prevent her initiation into womanhood by resisting her parent’s efforts to make her more “lady-like”. The story ends with the girl socially positioned and accepted as a girl, which she accepts with some unease.
Gender Dysphoria is discomfort with one’s sex-relevant physical characteristics or with one’s assigned gender (Hooley, Butcher, Nock & Mineka, 2017, p 457). It can be very uncomfortable to be unhappy with your assigned gender. There are many people who feel as though they don’t fit in. Societal Norms can determine and encourage how different sexes should act or behave. There are individuals who struggle with their assigned gender and work towards having it changed. This paper will look into the life of Gwen as she discussed her gender change.
Gender – refers to the particular roles and relationship, personality traits, attitudes, behaviours and values that society ascribe to men and women; about learned differences between men and women.
As early as the age of four (Vitale, 1996), some children begin to realize that the gender their body tells them they are, and the gender their mind tells them they are don't correspond. The sense of gender and the anatomical sex of a person mature at different times and different regions of the body (Vitale, 1997b). Sometimes the gendermap, the template within the mind of a person that codes for masculinity, femininity and androgyny doesn’t coincide with the body of the individual (Vitale, 1997a). This condition is commonly referred to as Gender Identity Disorder (GID). GID is characterized by unrelenting confusion or discomfort of one's own gender.
While the terms “gender” and “sex” are often used interchangeably, the two words have significantly different definitions. One could argue that sex refers to biological essentialism and the idea that we are who we are because of our genetic material. On the other hand, gender is associated with the social constructionist theory, which argues that the way we are is dependent on our race, class, and sexuality. Because each person is different in their race, class, and sexuality, their gender becomes socially constructed. To argue that gender is not socially constructed would be to say that all people, for example, that are biologically female have the same goals. However, this cannot be true because within the sphere of being female, that individual person varies from the next in their race, class, and/or sexuality, each of which affect their goals and perspectives differently from their sister, friend, and neighbor. One’s gender identity refers to his or her perception of self as a male or female, as well as being masculine or feminine. Because masculinity and femininity are fluid, rather than static, they are dependent on the perspective of the beholder. A person’s perspective is often influenced by their surroundings as well as values with which they were raised, both of which are never identical between two people. Race, class, and sexuality are the underlying factors that influence perspectives and values, thus differentiating the understanding and portrayal of gender identity from one person to another.
Sex and gender are terms that are mixed up from day to day and seen as similarities rather than differences. Sex is what distinguishes people from being either male or female. It is the natural or biological variations between males and females (Browne, 1998). Some of these variations are genitals, body hair and internal and external organs. It is the make-up of chromosomes, men have one X and one Y chromosome and women have two X chromosomes, these are responsible for primary characteristics (Fulcher and Scott, 2003). Gender on the other hand refers to the sociological differences between male and female. This is teaching males and females to behave in various ways due to socialisation (Browne, 1998). Example: masculinity and femininity. Girls are supposed to show their femininity by being non-competitive, sensitive, dependent, attractive and placid. If and when some girls don’t succeed in keeping this image they will be referred to as a tomboy. On the other hand, boys show their masculinity through aggression, physical strength...
Gender is defined as the characteristic of a person who has traits that differentiate men and women in both behavioural and aesthetic, which often linked to man’s masculinity and woman’s feminism. Men and women have their different way in accept something new in their life.
In order to discuss the biology of gender identity and sexual orientation, it is necessary to first examine the differences between multiple definitions that are often mistakenly interchanged: sex, gender, sexual orientation, and gender identity. Sexual orientation is defined by LeVay (2011) as “the trait that predisposes us to experience sexual attraction to people of the same sex as ourselves, to persons of the other sex, or to both sexes” (p. 1). The typical categories of sexual orientation are homosexual, heterosexual and bisexual. Vrangalova and Savin-Williams (2012) found that most people identify as heterosexual, but there are also groups of people that identify as mostly heterosexual and mostly gay within the three traditional categories (p. 89). This is to say that there are not three concrete groups, but sexual orientation is a continuum and one can even fluctuate on it over time. LeVay (2011) also defines gender as “the ...
As discussed before when it comes to gender identity is when a person self-identifies as either a female, male, both, and or neither from their opposite gender (Hays & Erford, p.