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Concept of nursing informatics
Limitations of nursing informatics in healthcare
Concept of nursing informatics
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INTRODUCTION
The definition of Nursing Informatics as outlined by Staggers & Thompson in 2002 defined Nursing Informatics as a combination of computer science, information science and nursing science design to assist in the management and processing of nursing data information and knowledge to support the practice of nursing and the delivery of patient care. This combination helps to bring system information, nursing knowledge, clinical decision making and support and data into the nursing field, whereby the needs of patients are translated into computer programs so that all members of the health care team will have access to the necessary information when it is required thus resulting into a more effective, efficient and less time consuming health care system and enhancing the productivity of nursing care.
HISTORY
Before the intervention of the modern computerized technology system, information was access through books, telephone, field trips and person to person enquiries. These information, were stored through the filling system which takes a long time and can easily be misplaced. The information was then made available to other health care professional through search and find in the filling cabinet coded by individual identification numbers and or by colors. There was a big disadvantage to this system, individuals who did not have the right to access these files sometimes access them for their own personal reasons and then the same files went missing.
SHIFT IN THE SYSTEM
Due to the introduction of sciences, the health care system has been shifting from the manual to computerized system. Technology has become such an embedded artifact in the care of patients, that often the current patient care literature highlights computers and other modern devices as nursing tools, that are used and control by health care professionals with the sole aim of providing the most effective care for our patients. Manual procedures are replaced by use of computerized devices.
DEVELOPMENTS
Since the development of the computer and internet system, there has been great improvement in the accessibility of data and the safety, availability, accessibility of patient’s information. There is no longer any need to carry around large stack of files to get patient history, it can be easily obtained on the patients record on the computer minimizing the paper files that are available to work with, another advantage is that research can be done in the comfort of your home because almost every home and individual has a computer and seeing that it is so easy and convenient to use, many individuals such as nurses and the public, surf the internet to obtain information, to enhance their knowledge.
Working as a professional registered nurse in the hospital, I realized how nurses struggle to find balance between devoting the time charting on the computer and spending time taking care of the patients. Moreover, I’ve seen nurses where they get discouraged trying to find this balance between patients and charting. As a bedside nurse, I would love nothing, but to tend to the needs of my patients. The length of time consume on electronic charting all day, take the very essence of bedside nursing away from nurses, which is caring. Reducing the time of nurses being occupied on charting by eliminating redundant tasks while conforming to their standard, are the changes I would like to make. These are a few of the reasons why I wanted to pursue a degree in informatics. I would advocate for nurses everywhere and to become an instrument in providing them a better electronic health system to work on. Pursuing the degree in nursing informatics will benefit me in
Technological advances enable nurses to provide accurate, timely care for a patient. This is due to the fact that these advances enable doctors and nurses to quickly diagnose, explain and predict the health-illness status of a patient, thus allowing health care professionals to spend less time finding answers, and more time providing quality care. For nurses, this includes spending time with the patient establishing rapport, communication and a trusting relationship for optimum clinical care.
In the modern era, the use of computer technology is very important. Back in the day people only used handwriting on the pieces of paper to save all documents, either in general documents or medical records. Now this medical field is using a computer to kept all medical records or other personnel info. Patient's records may be maintained on databases, so that quick searches can be made. But, even if the computer is very important, the facility must remain always in control all the information they store in a computer. This is because to avoid individuals who do not have a right to the patient's information.
The first definition of nursing informatics was published by the American Nurses Association in 1994. Nursing Informatics is the specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science in identifying, collecting, processing, and managing data and information to support nursing practice, administration, education, research, and the expansion of nursing knowledge (Murphy, 2010). The term nursing informatics has greatly changed since the 1970’s and has evolved ever since. Today, nursing informatics is defined as the science and practice that integrates nursing, its information and knowledge, with management of information and communication technologies that promote the health of ...
Nursing is a field that has several diverse options. These options include, bedside nursing, administration, education, case management, forensics, and numerous other possibilities. A new field of nursing has emerged, nursing informatics. Nursing informatics (NI) is defined by the American Nurses Association (2008) as a specialty that “integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice.” Simply defined, nurses are using the combination of technology and nursing knowledge to care for patients and improving outcomes. Nurses are doing this by collecting data, converting that into information, and then into knowledge, where it then can be applied to their critical thinking skills to better care for their patient (Finkalman & Kenner, 2013)
Information Systems/Technology and patient care technology for the improvement and transformation of health care is an important part of the DNP. Technology has transformed every aspect of human life in positive ways. Technology brought efficiency and improved healthcare deliverance system. Healthcare technologies enabled practitioners to better understand disease process and how to implement best treatment plan. DNP programs across the country embrace information systems and technology in their nursing curriculum because, it prepares nursing students to be innovative and deliver best care (AACN, 2006). DNP graduates must have the ability to use technology to analyze and disseminate critical information to find solutions that
In the past several years the healthcare system has experienced new changes in its structure and technology. The macro trends in healthcare are healthcare reform and the regulations of technology in healthcare that the government has put in place. Healthcare systems in the past have had some real complications both in the provided care and computer technology
Over the last several years, electronic medical records are becoming more prominent in health care facilities, replacing traditional written records. As many electronics are becoming more prevalent with the invention of numerous smartphones and tablet devices, it seems that making medical records available electronically would be appropriate for the evolving times. Even though they have been in use to some extent for many years, the “Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health section of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act has brought paperless documentation into the spotlight” (Eisenberg, 2010, p. 8). The systems of electronic medical records mainly consist of clinical note taking, prescription and medication documentation,
Technology is stated as the scientific method and material used to achieve a commercial or industrial objective. To go one step further, nursing technology is using a tool to advance nursing practice. “The Institute of medicine identified that technology as a viable method of enhancing patient care delivery and improving staff productivity” Sensmeier, Horowitz (2003 page). Because inadequate nursing staff causes shortcuts to be taken, there are mistakes made that could have possibly been prevented. Errors by nursing staff were variously reported as being responsible for between 44,000 and 98,000 hospital deaths per year. Sensmeier, Horowitz (2003). Technology can have a large impact on nursing. In the past 5 to 10 years, computerized patient records have increased less than 10%. This number shows us that we are still not embracing technology to its full potential. Today in most hospital systems computerized electronic charting is being used. Many hospitals have many different systems for...
Our clinical knowledge is expanding. The researcher has first proposed the concept of electronic health record (EHR) to gather and analyze every clinical outcome. By late 1990s computer-based patient record (CPR) replaced with the term EHR (Wager et al., 2009). The process of implementing EHR occurs over a number of years. An electronic record of health-related information on individual conforms interoperability standards can create, manage and consult with the authorized health professionals (Wager et al., 2009). This information technology system electronically gather and store patient data, and supply that information as needed to the healthcare professionals, as well as a caregiver can also access, edit or input new information; this system function as a decision support tools to the health professionals. Every healthcare organization is increasingly aware of the importance of adopting EHR to improve the patient satisfaction, safety, and lowering the medical costs.
A person needs to be able to document numerous amounts of information in a neat and organized manner in the most accurate way possible. A nurse in the field needs to be able to organize medical records and provide the information needed to help improve the quality of health care to the patients. For providing the health care personnel with accurate information is important to delivering quality care to the patients and improve job performance of other nurses, doctors and other medical staff and
From state and federal levels, the healthcare industry has come a very long way, experiencing changes along the way. The development of advanced technology that has enhanced the quality of healthcare delivery systems will help all patients to be able to benefit. Doctors are able to access patient records at a faster rate and respond to their patients in a much more timely fashion. E-mail, electronic transfer of records and telemedicine will give all patients and physicians the tools needed to be more efficient, deliver quality care and deliver quality telecommunication at a faster pace than before.
Computer technology allows for nurses to facilitate care at a distance and although still in its transitioning phases, telehealth and telenursing will hopefully rectify the problem of the nation’s nursing shortage. The term ‘telenursing’ is not completely new. What was once the more popular ‘advice nurse’ or phone ‘triage nurse’, is now the new and improved telenurse. Telenursing allows for a nurse have real-time 2-way interaction with the patient. How effective can a nurse be if she cannot touch and/or feel her patient? Stokowski (2008) paints this picture: “Imagine if you had to assess your patients with your eyes closed and without using your hands and you will get an idea of the difficulty that telehealth nurses must overcome with every patient encounter”. One must keep in mind that the scope of practice for the telenurses is the same as the bedside nurse. The telenurses however, must heavily rely on knowledge, good judgment, evidence based practice, and information received from the patient to provide quality care; therefore, a telenurses requires continuous education to
Nursing informatics is a branch of nursing or area of specialty that concentrates on finding ways to improve data management and communication in nursing with the sole objective of improving efficiency, reduction of health costs and enhancement of the quality of patient care (Murphy, 2010). It is a growing area of nursing specialty that combines computer science, information technology and nursing science in the management and processing of nursing information, data and knowledge with the sole objective of supporting nursing practice and research. Various nursing theorists have formulated various theoretical frameworks or models related to nursing informatics (Wager, Lee, & Glaser, 2013). They are defined as a cluster of related concepts or ideas that establish actions that act as major guidelines in nursing informatics to issues related to the central concept of data, information and knowledge. Some of the theories that inform and assist in the framing of nursing informatics include Turley's nursing informatics model, Goossen’s framework for nursing informatics research and Staggers & Parks’ nurse-computer interaction framework (Elkind, 2009).
It is pertinent to note that ICT gives room for technological convergence in that various communication channels or platforms are integrated in it. This has opened the way for health enlightenment in various forms such as podcasts, short videos, blogs and so on. The limitless coverage of the internet allows these enlightenment efforts to be accessed all over the world enhancing global health. The information system of any health center will not function effectively without Information and Communication Technology (ICT). In other words, ICT is the backbone of the current information system. Information can be transmitted within a couple of no time. The array of purveyor of information under ICT is extremely vast and this technology helps doctors, hospitals, the general public and all other medical care providers. It is pertinent to note that Pharmaceutical industry is the industry that enjoys the biggest benefits of ICT. All the medical data available helps in assessing the medical requirements, makes them aware of similar research being carried out in different parts of the world and in letting the world know about their developments Consequently, the advent of ICT has made