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3 different types of funeral rituals of 3 cultures
3 different types of funeral rituals of 3 cultures
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Everyday people are dying. Some people die from old age, some from car crashes, suicide, medical issues, murder, and many more causes of death. Approximately 151,600 people die each day around the globe, which is 55.3 million people that die each year. (World Birth and Death Rates) That is a lot of deceased people and each person is buried based on the country he or she is from and its traditions and customs. Three countries with very interesting traditions and customs for the burial and funeral of a deceased person are China, Africa, and Australia.
China has a very interesting tradition for the burial and funeral of a deceased person. Since cremation is uncommon throughout China, the burial of the dead is taken very seriously. It is taken
A normal funeral in Africa starts with the removal of the body from the house. The body of the deceased is taken out of the house feet first through a hole instead of the door. This is done to make it harder for the spirit of the deceased to find its way back into the home. After the removal of the body, the body is transported to the burial site. On the way to the burial site, sticks and thorns are placed in a zigzag pattern on the path in order to make it even harder for the spirit to find 0its way back to the home and bother the living people in the community. The African burial customs also includes the sacrificing of an ox. The ox is believed to accompany the deceased after being sacrificed and it offers food to the mourners. The African people believe a person is never truly dead until there is no one left to remember the deceased person. (Death Rituals in Africa) Even though the African people have very different burial and funeral custom compared to the United States, their customs are still very fascinating and intriguing to learn
Australia’s burial and funeral ceremony traditions are a lot like the United States’ traditions, but because Australia is in fear of running out of room to bury the dead, Australia is turning towards a new and pro-environmental way to bury the deceased. Many funeral homes throughout Australia have been promoting green burials. Green burials make it easier for a body to naturally recycle itself in a biodegradable coffin with nothing else inside the coffin besides the body. The parks where the green burials take place do not have headstones or any other marker of where each body is located. Instead, each coffin has a GPS locator inside of it that families can use to find the exact location of their deceased loved one. One popular green burial park in Australia is in Sydney. It is only a few hundred square meters, but can hold around three hundred bodies. Its plots cost around two thousand dollars, which is one thousand dollars cheaper than a regular burial plot. (Australian Funeral Traditions) Australia’s new way of burying the deceased in a way that takes up less space and is good for the environment is becoming more and more popular and could eventually make its way to the United States and become a popular way for a
The feast of the dead was a mortuary custom of the Wyandot people. It was a time of both mourning and celebration for the Wyandot people. This custom involved the unearthing or removal of relatives who had passed away from their initial graves and reburying them in a final communal grave. Many Wendats stood at the edge of an enormous burial pit. As they stood there, they held the bones of their deceased friends and family members. The bones that they held had been scraped and cleaned of corpses that had decomposed on scaffolds. Before dropping the bones into the pit they waited the signal of the master of the ritual. After the signal has been giving they can finally place the bones of their loved ones in the pit a...
Members of the funeral industry are united by the caring of the deceased. We take care of those who have died, and in doing so, we help those left behind grieve, mourn and accept their loss. It is a stable occupation, though most refer to it as a “calling”. The funeral industry accepts all most everyone. In the United States, there are more than 22,000 funeral homes. Amongst those funeral homes, there are approximately 102,877 workers. Of those 102,887 workers, there is estimated that there are 25,820 funeral directors and 8,190 embalming specialists. Most funeral homes are independent cells, unless they are part of a chain or a corporation. That said, each state has a board that oversees that state’s requirements for license and regulations, with a national board to rule of law and requirements. These boards usually hold conventions yearly to spread knowledge and draw attention to upcoming issues. To work as a funeral director or embalmer, someone must pass both their chosen state requirements and the national requirements. My personal connection to the funeral industry is that I am a funeral service intern, or a funeral director apprentice. I have worked at a funeral home for over two years.
“In most human society's death is an extremely important cultural and social phenomenon, sometimes more important than birth” (Ohnuki-Tierney, Angrosino, & Daar et al. 1994). In the United States of America, when a body dies it is cherished, mourned over, and given respect by the ones that knew the person. It is sent to the morgue and from there the family decides how the body should be buried or cremated based on...
Special foods such as candy, breads, and buns, they are often baked in the shapes of skulls with icing. The use of puppets and masks are very popular as well. The belief that family members who have died will return to their gravesite that is why the flowers and gifts are placed there. The warm social environment the colorful setting, and the abundance of food, drinks and good company are the ceremony of the dead. It has pleasant overtones for most observers.
When someone dies their bones are burned and crushed into ash and consumed by the relatives. It puts a persons soul at peace to find a resting place within their family, it would be an abomination to bury them in the ground. Once this ceremony is finished the person is gone. Their name or person is never to be mentioned again.
Death comes to all in the end, shrouded in mystery, occasionally bringing with it pain, and while some may welcome its finality, others may fight it with every ounce of their strength. Humans have throughout the centuries created death rituals to bring them peace and healing after the death of a loved one.
When a person dies in the Torres Strait Islands, it becomes a community event. After the death of an Islander, it is not just the close family and friends that attend the ceremony, the whole community usually gets involved. It is common for the entire community to feel distress, which seems different than the U.S. because usually if we do not know the person who passed or their family, we don’t really give it much thought. The Islanders believe that if there is not a proper ceremony and burial, the spirit of the deceased can come back and cause harm to the community. This is the last thing that the Islanders want, so they make sure to do everything properly. Following the death of a loved one, there are generally two stages to the burial; the primary burial and the secondary burial. The primary burial is when the body is left to decompose for several months. The secondary burial is when the leftover bones are gathered, painted, and scattered. There are many different ways in which the Islanders perform the second stage. For example, some people decide to leave the bones in a cave, others decide to place the bones in a hollowed out log. It has even been said that sometimes family members carry some of the bones around with them for years after the burial.
The funerary rituals introduced by the Egyptians were the most intricate, spiritual rites in their times and, perhaps, even to this day. Their elaborate customs, tombs, and gifts to the dead were representative of their pious, devoted nature. Albeit not all were as imposing as the oldest and still remaining Seven Wonder of the World, the Pyramids of Giza, all were meaningful and sacred. The Egyptians, highly reverent of their dead, adopted ornate, religious burial practices to fit to every member of their society.
Funerals are very important ceremonies in Hindu tradition. Hindus see cremation as an act of sacrifice to God and...
When discussing any topic, from medicines to death, history is always relevant. Funeral service dates back to 1685, which involved providing mourning merchandise to the society. Many undertakers at this time in history were also furniture builders, building the coffins for burial, as well as other household furniture. It wasn’t until the 19th century that funeral directors were utilized often. Before this time, families took care of their deceased loved ones. Around the time of the civil war embalming was introduced and shed a new light on funeral service. Listed below is a brief summary of some important events in funeral service history.
Death is the equalizer of all life. Throughout time people have constructed death in many different ways. For ancient civilizations, such as Mesopotamia, Egypt, Ugarit, Greece, and Rome, death consisted of burial rituals and practices, the construction of monuments, murals, and stele, and offering libations to the dead. These civilizations shared many aspects in their perceptions of death and the afterlife, but those perceptions also varied enough to be individualistic and unique to each civilization. Among the many differences between civilizations’ perceptions, some of the variations involved the location of graves, the type of monuments constructed, the structure of the funeral, and preparation of the dead body for the funeral. The relationship
The funeral ceremonies and burials of the Igbo people are extremely complex, the most elaborate of all being the funeral of a chief. However, there are several kinds of deaths that are considered shameful, and in these circumstances no burial is provided at all. Women who die in labour, children who die before they have no teeth, those who commit suicide and those who die in the sacred month – for these people their funeral ceremony consists of being thrown into a bush.
When death occurs, the body is prepared for viewing. People of the same gender prepare the body by laying their “hands across the chest, closing the eyelids, anointing the body with oil, and placing flower garlands around it.” (Leming & Dickinson, 2011, pg. 384). According to Leming and Dickinson, Hindus believe that cremation is “an act of sacrifice” because they are offering their body to God. The body is usually cremated on the bank of a sacred river. The book, Understanding dying, death, and bereavement offers an “invocation” that would be close to what a priest would recite, “Fire, you were lighted by him, so may he be lighted from you, that he may gain the regions of celestial bliss. May this offering prove auspicious.” Leming and Dickinson (2011) state that between 10-31 days post cremation, a feast (shraddha) is shared among mourners and priests. Shraddhas can last hours to days, depending on the wealth of the family. Once this shraddha is over, the mourning period comes to a close. It is said that the funeral is the second most important ritual, following a wedding, and that many families spend all the money they have on them, leading to impoverishment (Leming & Dickinson, 2011, p.
Archaeologists, however, have the tendency to categorize burial practices as either normal or deviant. This categorization can be misleading as it implies there is a right or wrong way to bury the dead.
While the end of life experience is universal, the behaviors associated with expressing grief are very much culturally bound. Death and grief being normal life events, all cultures have developed ways to cope with death in a respectful manner, and interfering with these practices can disrupt people’s ability to cope during the grieving