Freedom Of Speech In The Pitt News

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In 1996, the Pennsylvania Legislature enacted an amendment to the state Liquor Code that is popularly known as “Act 199.” A provision of this amendment, prohibits “any advertising of alcoholic beverages” in virtually any medium of mass communication that is affiliated with “any educational institution,” including a college or university. The Pitt News is a certified student organization at the University of Pittsburgh. The University has more than 25,000 students, at least two-thirds of whom are old enough to drink under Pennsylvania law. Overall, more than 75% of the total University population (students, faculty, and staff) is more than 21 years of age. The Pitt News was created by the University Board of Trustees “in recognition of the constitutional right of students to freedom of speech.” The …show more content…

All of The Pitt News’ revenue is derived from advertising. Act 199 applied to any "publication published by, for or in behalf of any educational institution". It broadly covered publication "through the medium of radio broadcast, television broadcast, newspapers, periodicals or other publication, outdoor advertisement, any form of electronic transmission or any other printed or graphic matter, including booklets, flyers or cards, or on the product label or attachment itself." The Pitt News filed a First Amendment challenge against Gerald Pappert, who was the Attorney General of the state of Pennsylvania, and other state officials. The US District Court of appeals applied the Central Hudson test and held that the statute is unconstitutional. The Court summarized this test, quoting from Central Hudson: "First, ``we must determine whether the expression is protected by the First Amendment, ´´ and this means that “it at least must concern lawful activity and not be misleading. ´´ ... Second, ``we ask whether the asserted governmental interest is substantial. ´´

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