Frederick Douglass was an African American who escaped from slavery in 1838. After buying his own freedom in 1847, Douglass created The North Star, an abolitionist newspaper, and also wrote an autobiography. Douglass became a well respected author, and in 1852 was asked to give a speech in Rochester New York. In his speech the The Meaning of July Fourth to the Negro, which was delivered in Rochester New York on July 5, 1852. Douglass spoke of the nation 's problems with hypocrisy, and mistreatment of African Americans. Celebrating freedom and equality, yet there were millions of slaves who were being kept within America 's borders. Douglass’ audience was for the abolitionist who came to hear his speech, but his words influenced all. Douglass used ethos, pathos and logos to get his point across. His purpose of his speech was to rally up the abolitionist, and show other American people how wrong and hypocritical they’re being. The audience of Frederick Douglass’ Fourth of July speech was intended for those who are uninformed of slavery. His speech was in Rochester New York, where many people may not know about the injustice slaves experience. He uses examples that show some may not Douglass used descriptive and powerful words when describing the harsh life of slavery. Phrases such as “Am I wrong to argue that it is wrong to make men brutes, to rob them of their liberty, End without wages, to keep him ignorant of their relations to their fellow-men, to beat them with sticks, to Flay the flesh with the last, to load their lives with irons, to hunt them with dogs, to sell them at auction, to send you their families, to knock out their teeth, to bring their flesh, to starve them into obedience and submission to their masters?” Here Douglass used repetition of gruesome and powerful actions taken. This makes people disgusted and upset about slavery, and this was what he was trying to
After suffering the overwhelming ferociousness and inhumanity of being a slave for over two decades , a black man by the name of Fredrick Douglass fled from enslavement and began to make a concerted effort to advance himself as a human being. Combating many obstacles and resisting numerous temptations, Douglass worked assiduously to develop into a knowledgeable gentleman rather than the involuntary alternative of being an unenlightened slave. In doing so, Douglass successfully immerged as one of the Civil War era’s most prominent antislavery orators. From his first major public speech at the age of 23, Douglass became widely renowned as a premier spokesperson for Black slaves and the movement for the abolition of slavery. In one of Douglass’ most distinguished speeches, “The Meaning of July 4th for the Negro,” he uses the intermittent occasion of speaking on behalf of African Americans to a multitude of White Americans to outline arguments against slavery. In that very speech, Douglass made it clear that, like countless African Americans during this time period,
1.) Fredrick Douglass’s purpose in this speech was to explain the wrongfulness of slavery in America. Fredrick Douglass states in his speech “Are the great principles of natural justice, embodied in that Declaration of Independence, extended to us?” and “The rich inheritance of justice, liberty, prosperity, and independence, bequeathed by your fathers is shared by you, not by me.” These prove that the freedom and independence Americans have aren’t shared with the Africans when it should be that Africans have those rights as well. Frederick Douglass then talked about how badly whites treat blacks and how wrong it is. “There are 72 crimes in Virginia which, if committed by a black man, subject him to a punishment of death, while
The “Fourth of July Oration” and the gathering that Douglass was attending was constructed to serve an early ceremony for Independence Day. He begins his speech with the subject of America’s independence. Specifics of the nation such as the memories of the Revolution, the model of freedom for all individuals, and religious support were spoken about. Frederick shares his experiences as a child. He believed that the American slave-trade was a horrific event that became real for a majority of individuals. When young, Douglass witnessed the disgust that all slaves had to experience, “my soul was often pierced…” (p. 267) He would watch the slave ships being anchored, ones that held innocent individuals. It was difficult and absolutely absurd for anybody to watch such torture take place and not be able to do a single thing ...
Douglass used pathos to show the readers how horrible he was treated while he was a slave. For example, he wrote about how he was whipped, both physically and emotionally, and that he couldn’t be his optimistic self any longer. In addition, Douglass throughout the book said that his personality changed, and the reason for that was because of the slavery. “I was broken in body, soul, and spirit. My natural elasticity was crushed, my intellect languished, the disposition to read departed, the cheerful spark that lingered about my eye died; the dark night of slavery closed in upon me; and behold a man transformed into a brute!” (Douglass 116) In his book, Douglass was very detailed about how he was treated during the slavery, and by using pathos it also provokes emotions from the readers. In addition, of the personality change, lack of enthusiasm, the slaves didn’t have a life to return to after their thankless work. Moreover, because of the use Douglass used rhetoric he also cause most readers to feel sympathetic towards him. For instance, when I read the book, I felt sorry for both Douglass, but also the other people who were slaves. I can only imagine how it would be to do a lot of work, but...
There are a number of times when he talks about the things slaves perceived to be good, but the things he describes are far from good. For instance, Douglass states, “A representative could not be prouder of his election to a seat in the American Congress, than a slave on one of the out-farms would be of his election to do errands at the Great House Farm” (56). The plantation he lived on was very large and had one huge house in the center called the “Great House Farm” where the “mechanical operations” are performed (56). The out-farms that surrounded the Great House Farm was where the crop fields were located. Basically Douglass is saying that the highest honor a slave can get is running errands instead of working in the field. This statement can be interpreted as straightforward because obviously it would better to run errands at the “Great House Farm” than work in the field, but to a free person that statement sounds a bit ridiculous. Running errands does not really compare to winning an esteemed government position. So Douglass could be pointing out that the life of a slave was so bleak that running errands was the best they could hope for. However, if it is read with a mocking tone, then the absurdity comparing someone with no freewill to someone who is the representation of freewill becomes apparent. Also Douglass may have used the comparison of slaves and members of congress as an insult. The members of congress at this time were likely to be slaveholders. Therefore, they were probably extremely racist and saw slaves as less than human. So it is logical to assume that a member of congress would be offended by the notion that they could be compared to
The first example of detail is, “The point from which I am compelled to view them is not, certainly, the most favorable; and yet I cannot contemplate their great deeds with less than admiration” (Douglass, Para. #1). The above quote explains his view point to citizens that he respects what they have to say but he doesn’t agree with their beliefs. The second example is when he showed his imagery, “Then would my task be light, and my burden easy and delightful” (Douglass, Para. #3). This demonstrates the comparison of how he compared the slaves and the white and how they were treated very differently from each other. He used diction such as, “The rich inheritance of justice, liberty, prosperity and independence, bequeathed by your fathers, is shared by you, not by me” (Douglass, Para #4). In this quote he describes the beliefs that's passed on to people and everyone believed the same things but he will not share the same opinion according to the celebration of July Fourth. Therefore, the idea to break down to his audience that are anti-slavery the way he feels July Fourth should be celebrated to
Frederick Douglass uses the rhetorical appeal, ethos, in two specific ways: to provide the credence of his statements and to identify himself to the reader. Douglass uses his writing skills to provide a familiar perception to which his readers are accustomed. He does not provide exact dates to accompany his story, because slaves back then were kept ignorant, as Douglass states, “I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it” (Douglass 19). Our culture thrives on important dates such as, someone’s birthday, a holiday, or an anniversary, etc., and Douglass was blind to all of these events. He identifies himself as a normal human being, when in fact, he has had what seems like to us, a completely
In this narrative, Douglass describes his life as a slave in ways that is brutalizing and dehumanizing. He wants his readers to understand that concept. By doing this, Douglass writes, “I was seized with a violent aching of the head, attended with extreme dizziness; I trembled in every limb” (416). Douglass uses diction such as seized, aching, extreme dizziness, and trembled to help create a picture of the pain he had felt during his experiences of being a slave for Mr. Covey. Another example is when he writes, “I told him as well as I could, for I scarce had strength to speak. He then gave me a savage kick in the side, and told me to get up I tried to do so, but fell back in the attempt. He gave me another kick, and again told me to rise. I again tried, and succeeded in gaining my feet; but stooping to get the tub with which I was feeding the fan, I again staggered and fell” (416-17). Words like scarce, savage, and staggered place imagery into the reader’s minds of what he went through as a slave. One other way that Douglass shows how his words emphasize the message is when he writes, “The blood was yet oozing from the wound on my head. For a time I thought I should bleed to death; and think now that I should have done so, but that the blood so matted my hair as to stop the w...
America in the mid to early nineteenth century saw the torture of many African Americans in slavery. Plantation owners did not care whether they were young or old, girl or boy, to them all slaves were there to work. One slave in particular, Frederick Douglass, documented his journey through slavery in his autobiography Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. Through the use of various rhetorical devices and strategies, Douglass conveys the dehumanizing and corrupting effect of slavery, in order to show the overall need for American abolition. His use of devices such as parallelism, asyndeton, simile, antithesis, juxtaposition and use of irony, not only establish ethos but also show the negative effects of slavery on slaves, masters and
Frederick Douglass, who was born into slavery around 1818, will forever remain one of the most important figures in America's struggle for civil rights and racial equality. As an ex-slave, his inspiration grew beyond his boarders to reach the whole world. Without any formal education, Douglass escaped slavery and became a respected American diplomat, a counselor to four presidents, a highly regarded speaker, and an influential writer. By common consent Douglass’s Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave (1845) is recognized as the best among the many slave narratives that appeared before the Civil War. He amazed people when he spoke bravely in his Fourth of July speech. He spoke out against oppression throughout America and abroad, and his struggle for freedom, self-discovery, and identity stands as a testament for all time, for all people. Although some people accused him of lying, exaggerating, and using his narrative and his well-known Fourth of July speech as part of an abolitionist plot, Douglass was able to clearly demonstrate his talents, sensitivity, and intellectual capacity by revealing the truth about the lives, culture, and psychological struggles of American slaves.
His main argument in the speech is that it 's unjust and hypocritical for a country to celebrate its freedom while it still has slaves. Now that in itself is a morally viable argument, and it has never been more relevant than today in our racially hate fueled world where every situation is turned into a hate crime. However, back in those days majority of slaves were sold into slavery by their own people. Most slaves were sold by rival tribes as prisoners of war, or trouble makers of the tribe, thus giving us the “bottom of the barrel” of the groups. Another counter to Douglass was that even though slaves were people, they were still considered property. A hard working farmer could have used his last penny in order to purchase that slave because he was unable to tend his farm and provide for his family. One common misconception was that all slaves were beaten and treated lower than swine, while to the contrary some were treated well being given a bed and meals every day in exchange for their hard work. While Douglass may have had a bad time under the ownership of Auld, most northern states did not treat their slaves in this manner. This is one of the main reasons Douglass learned how to read, yet no credit is given to his former owner. Most slaves developed a relationship with their owners, in which their owners taught them useful skills such as reading, writing, simple math and farming skills. Another argument brought into Douglass’ speech was that most churches were segregated, and in turn perpetuated the racism that helped keep slavery alive in well. He proposed that a God that wouldn’t allow such evil and disservice in this world would contradict everything the bible proposes and teaches. He praises the writers of the constitution, considering them his equal and thanking the signers of the Declaration of Independence, calling
He points out that the Fourth of July came to be seen by abolitionists as a day suited to point out the nation's failure to live up to its promise of liberty for all. Douglass raises the issue of slaves' humanity by addressing the line between humans and animals. Frederick Douglass' point in "The Meaning of Fourth of July for the Negro" is that America was being incredibly hypocritical in their celebration of the Fourth of July. The whole point of that holiday is to celebrate that all people in the country are free from Great Britain. while they are sitting there celebrating their own freedom, slaves are being held captive in that same country that seems to value freedom so greatly.
On July 5th of 1852, the Ladies Antislavery Society of Rochester requested that emancipated slave, Fredrick Douglass, speak for their celebration of the United States’ national independence. Douglass accepted this request and presented a powerful speech that explained and argued his true beliefs and feelings concerning this event. He considered their decision to request him as a speaker on that day to be a mockery of his past and of the ongoing status of blacks as slaves in America at the time. Nevertheless, Douglass skillfully constructed his speech utilizing various methods that forced his audience to take him seriously and think twice about the issue of slavery in America. His passion about the subject, his ability to captivate his audience, and his persuasive skills combine to form a clearly effective speech that continues to be studied to this day. Douglass warmed up his audience by commending the moral and patriotic excellence of their forefathers. He then delivered the argument of his speech which cleverly criticized the hypocrisy of the institution of slavery and those who tolerated or supported it. Yet, to conclude his speech, Douglass asserts that there is still hope for the young nation so as not to leave the audience completely discouraged. The way in which Douglass constructed and delivered this speech had a lasting impact and left his audience with an effectively argued point to consider.
This speech reveals that during the period that Douglass and Oakes claim that Douglass was lost, he was still an enthusiastic advocate for African Americans. At the same time, these few lines from the speech contradict what Douglass says in The Life and Times of Frederick Douglass. It can be easily seen that he clearly did not believe that the American Anti-Slavery campaign or any other anti-slavery campaign should be obsolete, as he suggested in his third autobiography. After slavery was relinquished, Douglass’s audience changed.
When first introduced to Douglass and his story, we find him to be a young slave boy filled with information about those around him. Not only does he speak from the view point of an observer, but he speaks of many typical stereotypes in the slave life. At this point in his life, Frederick is inexperienced and knows nothing of the pleasures of things such as reading, writing, or even the rights everyone should be entitled to. Douglass knowing hardly anything of his family, their whereabouts, or his background, seems to be equivalent to the many other slaves at the time. As a child Frederick Douglass sees the injustices around him and observes them, yet as the story continues we begin to see a change.