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The rise of civilization history
Human beings'evolution
Theories of hominin evolution
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Recommended: The rise of civilization history
When people think of the history or the timeline of human existence, they reference back to the theory of “mainstream science,” which indicates that the human civilization began approximately 6,000 years ago. Which brings into question, what about the time before that? Were there other homo sapiens like us living on Earth? Archeologists, geologists, and historians who attempt to comprehend human antiquity have conducted research on their ideology of human origin. Professionals refer to this as Forbidden Archeology. Forbidden Archeology is the belief that the origin of human civilization is far more ancient than what “mainstream science” claims. Based on the evidence, such as “out-of-place artifacts” (OOPARTS), Ancient Nuclear War, and mysteries …show more content…
Evidence such as ancient texts, carvings, ruins, tools were found by many archeologists. Examples of these anomalies include the findings of Michael Cremo and other archeologists who found not only ancient objects, but human skeletons and skulls as well. In Cremo’s “Standford University Lecture” he explained his ideas and discoveries on Forbidden Archeology; thus, describes other investigation from other archeologist and geologists who also believe that human origin initiated thousands of years ago. One investigation that Cremo speaks about in his lecture is the discovery of a human jaw by English archeologists in Foxhall, England. Cremo mentioned that “the jaw was found deep within the Earth’s crust in Red Crag Pliocene,” which geologist suggested to be two to three million years old (Cremo). Other discoveries include the discovery of a human foot print by Mary Leakey at a site in east Africa. The foot print was said to be “370 million years old” because it was buried deep within a layer “volcanic ash;” in addition, Leaker also mentioned that the footprint looked like a “modern human foot” (Cremo). Investigations and evidence such as artifacts, footprints, and skeletons are all items that can prove that humans have been living on earth thousands if not billions of years ago; however, that is not all,
Humanity became fascinated with the idea of evolution with the work of Charles Darwin and the Scientific Revolution. People began hunting for fossils that would prove that man had an ape derived ancestry (Weiner, 1955). After various years of searching, a piece of physical evidence was found in England that was said to confirm the theory of evolution (Weiner, 1955).This confirmation came from Charles Dawson’s discoveries from 1908, that were announced publicly in 1912 (Thackeray, 2011). Dawson was believed to have found the fossil remains of the “missing link” between ape and human evolution, the reconstructed skull of Piltdown man (Augustine, 2006). The material was found in stratigraphical evidence and animal remains that were, at the time, adequate enough to confirm the antiquity of the remains (Weiner, 1955). In 1915, another specimen, Piltdown man II, was found further proving this theory (Augustine, 2006). However, this was merely a hoax proven by fluorine relative dating in 1953; the artifacts and bone fragments discovered turned out to be altered to fit the proposed scenario (Augustine, 2006). The skull found was actually composed of a human braincase that was younger than the complimentary orangutan lower jaw (Falk, 2011). Both sections of the skull had been stained to appear to be from the same person of the same age (Falk, 2011).The perpetrator of this act was never caught and there are many theories proposed for the motive of this hoax (Augustine, 2006). Many people have been taken into consideration for this crime, such as Chardin, Woodward, Hinton, and Dawson (Augustine, 2006). Nevertheless, the evidence that proves that Dawson is guilty of this crime against anthropology is quite substantial compared to the evidence...
Imagine that one piece of history that is taken from a town. This piece of history tells l people how this town was built and all the important people that were apart of the community. “Returning Antiquities to Their Countries of Origin” by Joyce Mortimer can many people about how objects are getting taken from Museums. They should be returned immediately. There are so many artifacts out there that could be so important to people, and if someone can just imagine what it would feel to have one of the most important object taken from a museum and to be never returned again. Many people enjoy seeing these objects so why are they being taken?
There was a chief new discovery of fossil bones and teeth belonging to the earliest human ancestors ever discovered. The fossil bones predate the oldest formerly discovered human ancestor by more than a million years. The discovery was of fossil remains of a hominid that lived in present day Ethiopia between 5.2 and 9.8 million years ago. (Hominids include all species following the split as of the chimpanzees on the “human” side of the evolutionary tree.)
-New Evidence Puts Man in North America 50,000 Years Ago. Sciencedaily. 2004. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/11/041118104010.htm
Archeology, which is the study of human activity in the past, has many significant names that discovered important sites to the history of art. One of these names is Heinrich Schliemann. Heinrich Schliemann was born on 6th of January, 1822, and died on December 26th, 1890. Schliemann was a businessman who could speak 15 languages, and he was a world traveler. His father used to read for him Homer’s Iliad when he was eight years old, which made his biggest dream is to become archeological and find about the places that Homer talked about. Schliemann, as a businessman, made a fortune, which was enough for him to retire; then, in 1871, he started to follow his dream and worked on Troy. Heinrich Schliemann work is very important and added a significant value to the history of art. His discoveries in Troy, Mycenae and Tiryns made him a pioneer in archeology.
On November 24, 1974, an American Anthropologist by the name of Donald Johanson and his research team, made a ground-breaking discovery that caused a mass dispute in human evolution. Dr. Johanson documented in his book, Lucy The Beginning Of Mankind, the discoveries he and his team have come across. Dr. Johanson and his team discovered a skeleton of a hominid, dated between 3.9 to 3 million years old (164). The hominid, which they referred to as Lucy, was discovered while surveying Hadar, in the Dafar region of Ethiopia (164-166). Lucy’s discovery, a 41% complete human ancestor caused a controversial alteration in the human origins. Lucy was the oldest human ancestor. During the following year, Johanson’s team discovered fossilized remains
Australopithecus afarensis who existed 3.5 million years ago and a 4.4 million year old skeleton of an Ardipithecus ramidus are the closest science has come to discovering the human lineage. Shattered Ancestry an article written by Katherine Harmon discusses the remains of two hominids found within Ethiopia. These skeletal remains have created a huge controversy within the topic of evolution questioning many assumptions that have been made referencing the human lineage. The skeleton of the Australopithecus afarensis was named Lucy and was discovered in 1974. The evidence of her walking upright on her two feet essentially guaranteed her a spot in the human lineage line. Lucy was a chimplike ape that was said to walk upright making scientists believe the human ancestry was simple. The complete skeleton found in Ethiopia of an Ardipithecus ramidus named Ardi completely changed all assumptions made from scientists about the complexity of the human lineage. These remains have encouraged researches that the human line is not the only lineage to have evolved but the chimpanzee line has undergone drastic changes as well. There are many traits that researchers have always directly linked to the human lineage however since these discoveries occurred researchers are reconsidering. The recent discoveries that have shattered what has always suggested what linked a species to the human lineage have changed the certainty of whether it is possible to confidently identify the human’s last common ancestor. Majority of scientist had forgotten that there would have been many hominid species living together at one time. New theories have been suggested since scientists revealed that the foot of a hominid found called the Burtele site was found ju...
2. Brothwell, Don R., (1963) Digging up Bones, the Excavation, Treatment and Study of Human Skeletal Remain’s. London British Museum of Natural History.
While digging in the far reaches of the African outback, now know as the western part of Kenya, archaeologist Bozo excavated a site that revolutionized the thoughts of the scientific world. At this site they found many interesting artifacts and paintings that included proof of an early civilization. At this time scientists are calling this civilization “Pontu” after one of the paintings suggested that a pontoon was used for transportation across Lake Victoria, one of the adjacent lakes.
Humans know or understand the theory of evolution and how they evolved from apes, but there is always talk of a missing link between apes and modern humans. Apes did not just suddenly evolve into modern day humans. Apes evolved into another species that fall into the relation of modern humans. This is what the missing link is referring to; we call the species hominins. Hominins comprised of many species actually, including but not limited to, Australopithecus afarensis and Homo erectus. Homo erectus may have been a direct descendant of modern Homo sapiens. These species hold strong evidence that they are the missing link between apes and modern humans. There are many pieces of evidence that lay the path of evolution from these species to modern humans, “…these include anatomy, living primate behavior, and genetic relationships” (Stanford, 237). Australopithecus afarensis comes first, existing about 3.9 to 2.9 million years ago, with intermediate anatomical traits between living apes and modern humans; their fossils were found in Africa (Yukimoto). About a million to two million years later, the species Homo erectus came into existence and lots of evidence has been found about this particular species, in fact, it was probable that it was the first species to leave Africa (Yukimoto). These species are significant in the evolution of modern humans. We do not have a clear path or even understand why these species emerged when they did or how they, in theory, eventually evolved into modern humans. We can only assume these things, by using various evolutionary processes such as natural selection, genetic bottleneck, and many more.
were 10 doors and at end there was a statue of Osiris, the god of the
The first group of primates was the Ardipithecus group. They were the earliest humans closely related to other primates. The Ardipithecus group evolved in Africa and took the first step upright on two feet. Sahelanthropus tchadensis was the first human species to ever walk the earth. They were the building block of more complex species to come. There were many species that started the human race such as the Orrorin tugenensis. This species was nicknamed the Millenium Man and live 5.8-6.2 million years a...
mankind for centuries. Human like footprints dating back 300,000 years have been found in the
The Stone Age began for many early humans about 2.7 million years ago when the first stone tools were used. This time period was not the beginnings of humans or near humans, but the period of time marked when the use of tools first began. This is when humans truly began to differ for the other inhabits on the planet and began to shape the the World around them and truly adapt to their environments. Most noteworthy of the Stone Age is that these tools were also used to hunt and kill animals, both for food and clothing and also making use of animal bones and antlers in the making of new tools. With this in mind, not all groups of humans evolved on the same time line, there were some groups of humans around the World that were still in the Stone Age well into the 20th century.
The human race, as we know it, is estimated to be about 300,000 years old. The race as we know it today is known as Homo sapiens. This is if you believe in the theory of evolution. The most common and widely known theory is Darwin’s theory of evolution. This theory states that “all life is related and has descended from a common ancestor.” Darwin’s theory, assumes “descent with modification”. Essentially that “complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors naturally over time.”