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An essay on witch hunting
Importance of understanding culture
Importance of understanding culture
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Xenophobia derived from the Greek word for stranger, means the fear of outsiders or foreigners or of anything that is strange and/or foreign (Winters). Foreigners tend to scare people because people usually do not like change and it takes awhile to adapt to and understand how and why people are the way they are. People fear outsiders because the fear of otherization and the unknown scares people and “turns them off” from those who are different, and causes people to form stereotypes from events that have happened throughout the past.
The otherization of people that are different scares people because seeing the world in a different way widens the diversity of lifestyles that we are not aware of (Harris). America prides itself on being a melting pot of cultures, but how we react to newcomers is often at odds with that self-image (Winters). If people stopped responding with passive complicity to carefully crafted messages designed to "otherize" those whose needs deserve fair treatment and justice and those whose voices speak for them, certain media outlets and popular personalities might soon be out of business (Harris). When people are different and new, people get scared because they are not aware of the lifestyles they live. The unknown is a fear to many, and when people are different and act different, people become scared until they become known to how their lifestyles are.
In Salem, during the witch trials, people feared the unknown and nowadays people fear the unknown in the same ways. For example communities in Europe charged outsiders with witchcraft in an effort to control them (Hines). Also, in the old country, you did not wander from place to place. The people who did were linked to the occults (Hines). In Puritan tim...
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...ntinue too. People fear outsiders because the fear of otherization and the unknown scares people and “turns them off” from those who are different, and causes people to form stereotypes from events that have happened throughout the past.
Works Cited
Harris, Colin. "Why Do We Fear Others Who Are Not Like Us?” Ethnics Daily, 20 June
2012. Web. 06 Mar. 2014.
Hines, Michael. "SOCIAL PRESSURE AND WITCHCRAFT." SOCIAL PRESSURE AND
WITCHCRAFT. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Mar. 2014.
Iyer, Deepa. "When Will We Stop the Scapegoating?" Campaign Stops When Will We
Stop the Scapegoating Comments. New York Times Company, 06 Dec. 2011.
Web. 06 Mar. 2014.
Stokes, Lori. "Decoding the Salem Witch Trials: Part 3." US History Scene. N.p., 22
May 2013. Web. 27 Feb. 2014.
Winters, Jeffrey. "Why We Fear The Unknown." Psychology Today. Sussex Directories,
1 May 2002. Web. 02 Mar. 2014.
The superstition of witchcraft started with the teaching of the Bible. The Puritans believed that Satan was present and active. The Salem Witch Trials were driven by the superstition of general paranoia. The fear of witchcraft dove the Puritans to hysteria, causing the Puritans to hang their own citizens.
In Salem, anything unusual or different from the norm was seen as alien and sinful. When Parris saw the girls dancing in the woods, he became afraid the other townspeople would blame him for letting the sacrilegious acts take place. Since he was the reverend, he was supposed to make sure everyone in town was following their religious paths. To avoid punishment, he blamed Tituba and her culture’s use of Voodoo. This was the start of the many false accusations people would make for fear of punishment from the community and from God. In the beginning of the second act 19 people were in jail, charged with witchcraft. Dozens more people were charged later and filled the jails. Townspeople were becoming afraid of neighbors with grudges against them because they would say they had used black magic or were under the control of the devil. In Lord of the Flies, a monster know as “the beast” was thought by most of the boys to live on the island. The beast was a combination of the pig, the paratrooper that fell from the sky and the boy’s fear of the dark. The beast scared all of the boys except Piggy and Roger because they were more matur...
Witchcraft has always fascinated many people and been a very controversial topic in North America during the seventeenth and 17th centuries. Many people believe that witchcraft implies the ability to injure or use supernatural power to harm others. People believed that a witch represented the dark side of female presence and were more likely to embrace witchcraft than men. There are still real witches among us in the Utah who believe that witchcraft is the oldest religion dealing with the occult. However, the popular conception of a witch has not changed at least since the seventeenth century; they still caused panic, fear and a variety of other emotions in people.
During the time of the Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692, more than twenty people died an innocent death. All of those innocent people were accused of one thing, witchcraft. During 1692, in the small town of Salem, Massachusetts many terrible events happened. A group of Puritans lived in Salem during this time. They had come from England, where they were prosecuted because of their religious beliefs. They chose to come live in America and choose their own way to live. They were very strict people, who did not like to act different from others. They were also very simple people who devoted most of their lives to God. Men hunted for food and were ministers. Women worked at home doing chores like sewing, cooking, cleaning, and making clothes. The Puritans were also very superstitious. They believed that the devil would cause people to do bad things on earth by using the people who worshiped him. Witches sent out their specters and harmed others. Puritans believed by putting heavy chains on a witch, that it would hold down their specter. Puritans also believed that by hanging a witch, all the people the witch cast a spell on would be healed. Hysteria took over the town and caused them to believe that their neighbors were practicing witchcraft. If there was a wind storm and a fence was knocked down, people believed that their neighbors used witchcraft to do it. Everyone from ordinary people to the governor’s wife was accused of witchcraft. Even a pregnant woman and the most perfect puritan woman were accused. No one in the small town was safe. As one can see, the chaotic Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692 were caused by superstition, the strict puritan lifestyle, religious beliefs, and hysteria.
Witchcraft has been present in many other religions, not only the Puritan religion. Witchcraft was also found in Catholic and Protestant parts of Europe. The Salem Witch Trials were smaller in comparison to those in Scotland, France, or Germany (Hall 3). Though the trials in Salem were smaller, people recognize the Salem Witch Trials as one of the worst times in American history (“Witch Madness” 4). The Puritans believed that the Devil was alive in their community (“Witch Madness” 2). The accusations started in February 1692 in Salem Village, Massachusetts when young Puritan girls were found using magic. The Salem Witch Trials began when Betty Paris, Abigail Williams, and some of their friends began to act strange with odd fits (Hall 1). Because many mental and emotional disorders were not understood, the people of Salem believed it was the work of witchcraft. When sickness or even misfortune came, the most
Xenophobia is defined as the intense or irrational dislike or fear of people from other countries or backgrounds. Xenophobia often ignites the fire that leads to witch hunts. Witch hunts are defined as a campaign directed against a person or group holding unorthodox or unpopular views. Xenophobic people use fear of the unknown to stir up trouble and cast a dark shadow on outsiders. People fear the potential loss of their reputation or position. One bad apple does not determine the quality of a bunch.
Before and during the times of the Salem Witch Trials, Puritans who were a god-fearing religious sect, always believed in two worlds. They believed that God controlled both worlds, and that if they displeased him, he would punish the entire community. The Puritans did everything in their control, so that they wouldn’t displease him. They paid attention to things that occurred around them, because they believed that he was sending them signs. At the time, they believed that every terrible thing occurring to them was God showing his displeasure with them. Since the Salem community was ruled by the Puritan Church, they instilled their same beliefs and ideals to everyone else in the community. The people of Salem were all taught and shown to fear
deeply contributed to a lack of understanding. “People fear what they do not understand, and hate what
In 1692, the occurrence of “witchcraft” began after the Massachusetts Bay Charter revolution and the outbreak of small pox. The rebellion caused hysteria and a sad injustice. Friends were pinned against friends; upstanding citizens were forced to flee for their lives and men and women were put to death (Jurist Legal News and Research Services 2008).The fear of the devil influenced the cruelty that took place. Most of the settlers that established their homes in the colony were puritans, a member of a group of English Protestants who revolted against the Church of England. The belief that God punished sinful behavior with misfortune did not help circumstances. The puritans targeted outcasts, people who never really fit it in; they wanted to rid the towns of these suspected sinners.
Internalized racism will explore the reasons why some minority groups do not like their ethnicity;
Suddenly people seemed very paranoid and soon residents were placing blame on one another and accusing each other of witchcraft. In a fifteen month period between 1691 and 1692 nearly twelve dozen people were accused of witchcraft in or near Salem (Norton, p8).
Human beings fear what they are not used to. The settlers of Europe were placed into the New World, which was a new environment with different people, lands and cultures. These colonists were scared and insecure because they did not understan...
People these days tend to make assumptions about others based on the criteria such as a person’s clothing or skin. However, people rarely realize that these assumptions can lead to violence and it could end up killing innocent citizens. In another way you can put it is that, prejudice ruins and sometimes even destroys society. It also causes people to lose all understanding for their fellow human. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus Finch says, “You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view…until you climb into his skin and walk around in it” (39). People often fail to examine a situation from someone else view because their opinions are biased. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee shows readers how prejudice causes people to believe in rumors, judge others by their race, and deem the beliefs of others unacceptable.
For many centuries to the present day, Christians have lived in fear of witches. They were known as to be the devils child who only practiced black magic and thought of as the Christians “persecution”. Witches have been known to mankind since the 1200’s. Throughout the 1400’s, the examination of witches was more focus and moved from the Jews. In the church’s law, it was stated that the belief of existence and practices of witchcraft was “heresy”. Because of what the Christians believed, churches would then torture and hunt down anyone who they thought were witches and killed the many women and only a few of the men. They even made them make the confession of flying through the midnight sky, being in love with the devil himself, practicing black magic and even turning into animals.
Through out time many people have viewed witches as bad people. Even in religion witches are viewed as workers of Satan himself. “A man or a woman who is a medium or a necromancer shall surely be put to death. They shall be stoned with stones; their blood shall be upon them” Leviticus 20:27 King James Bible. Throughout our world’s history there have been thousands if not millions of witch hunt cases around the world. During the Bubonic Plague people blamed witches for what was going on. Then in the early years of the Dark Ages people where convinced of these so called witches and other mythological creatures. At first people where scared to go outside at night because they thought that the witches, would get them. However, when people began to learn how to read, they realized that witchcraft was against what the bible says. So this led to even more people being accused of being a witch. During the colonial era when the European countries where colonizing the world, England was a breeding ground for witch hunts. The religious persecution of small Christian groups in England led to the Puritans leaving the country. Arriving in the 13 colonies, here one of the worst witch trials in American history took place in Salem Massachusetts. These are known as the Salem Witch Trials, in which over 100 people were blamed for witchcraft and almost all of them were killed. These trials were not alone though, many others countries have their own versions of the Salem trials. However, in today’s time these so called witch hunts are not common in countries like the US, and there are laws that prevent actual witch hunts from happening. There are still countries that have witch hunts within their borders ba...