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Cultural competence in family therapy
Multicultural counseling dilemmas
Critique of multicultural counseling and therapy
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Recommended: Cultural competence in family therapy
Bernal, G. (2006). Intervention Development and Cultural Adaptation Research With Diverse Families. Family Process, 45(2), 143-151. doi: 10.1111/j.545-5300.2006.00087.x
Bernal’s (2006) research focuses on answering how ethnicity and culture play a role in the treatment process and how interventions may need to be adapted or tailored to meet the needs of diverse families? Bernal’s research looks at a framework that included neurobiological, cognitive, developmental, and epidemiologic research; the development of interventions, testing of the efficacy of interventions; practice research; review of findings to identify effective interventions; and the social, economic, and cultural context. Findings in these five areas were considered a basis for developing and testing interventions among a total of seven articles. The seven articles showed a range of treatment development and cultural adaptation research with diverse populations at different points in the research development process. The research found that there is little research on family interventions and the family process should be an area for treatment research.
Celando, M. P., & Kaslow, N.J. (2000). Culturally competent family interventions: Review and case illustrations. American Journal Of Family Therapy, 28(3), 217-228. doi: 10.1080/01926180050081658
Due to the extensive lack of research on culturally competent family interventions, Celando & Kaslow’s (2000) study seeks to critically review assessment and intervention strategies for use with ethnic minority families in the United States. This article pinpoints how cultural factors will affect minority families. The family’s culturally based definitions of the nature, timing, significance, tasks, and rituals of li...
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.... Both the I-statements and the Family Sculpting interventions helped Pooja Patel (the grandmother/mother-in-law) and Marsela Patel (the mother) communicate effectively and actually listen to their wants and needs for the benefit of the family dynamic.
Throughout their time together, the social worker has noticed that while communication was addressed and the interventions applied to the Patel family were beneficial, they have yet to explore feelings about the death of Hiten Patel. The feelings of grief were one of the main reasons that the family dynamic began to shift and deserves further exploration and counseling for each of the family members. Although the Patel family has responded well to therapy and plans to pursue higher levels of communication, the social worker has recommended some additional resources for them to continue counseling.
Larsen, P. D., & Hardin, S. R. (2013). Culture and cultural competence. In I. M. Lubkin & P. D. Larsen (Eds.), Chronic Illness Impact and Intervention (8 ed., pp. 343-367). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
With the growing population of minorities in the United States, it is reasonable to believe that at some point in a counselor or therapist career, there will be a session with a Latino/Hispanic client. From a cultural competence perspective, it is imperative that a counselor understands the Latino/Hispanic culture and their worldviews. Counseling Latinos offer to be discussed in the paper is the case of an Alberto and Angela a Mexican American couple married for 27 years. Alberto has recently lost his job. (
Perez, M. A. & Luquis, R.R. (2009). Cultural competence in health education and health promotion. Jossey-Bass: San Francisco, CA.
Hastings, C. (2002). So, how do you become culturally competent? Family Therapy Magazine, 1(2), 18-24.
After watching and reading about the Hernandez case I have came up with a plan to use with the family that addresses all the stages of the Generalist Intervention Model (GIM). “The Generalist Intervention Model (GIM) is a practice model providing step-by-step direction concerning how to undertake the planned change process, which is generally
Remember, self-reflection is vital to becoming a culturally-competent counselor. The counselor should consistently re-examine their worldview and personal beliefs about diverse individuals and other cultures. The idea is for the counselor to explore their own prejudices, emotions, and preconceived notions of those that differ from themselves. Remaining curious and willing to learn about culturally distinct groups is a practical way of working effectively with varied clients in counseling and understanding what barriers and prejudices are typical in their
Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2013). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Since 1993, the American Psychological Association has required counselors to practice multicultural competencies to ensure all clients are treated with dignity and respect (Kim, 2011, p. 272). Culturally skilled counselors have become more aware and sensitive to their own cultural issues. Counselors are aware of their own values and biases and how the effect minority clients. Counselors also have a good understanding of the ever changing political and social system and how the United States treats minorities (Kim, 2011, p. 273). Cultural sensitivity is a very important part of multicultural counseling.
Nevertheless, the ability to adapt to the demographics changes in society, and the societal changes and challenges that develop along the way. The importance of understanding my own values, my client’s values and beliefs, and the ability to become flexible in cultural differences, would contribute to this factor. In addition, it is important as a counselor become involved in social advocacy through the American Counseling Association(ACA) (Hays & Gray 2014, p 242-43). The framework of this advocacy would give me proper guidelines and tools related to multicultural counseling (Hays & Gray 2014, p
Though I was brought up in a generally Caucasian, low economic region, I strive for my children to experience the beauty that is diversity earlier on in life than I was able to. My family holds a love over all mentality, meaning that love conquers race, religion, creed, sexual orientation and so on when it comes to diversity in relationships. We teach our children to see a person for their action and character before they form an opinion, while still holding an understanding that a person’s heritage is a part of who they are and how they experience this reality to include possible barriers or limitations. Due to my background in the military and now in the world of human development, my family has learned to communicate and function from the discipline of the military tied with the emotionally awareness and openness from the mental health side. As my career, education, and training continues in the counseling field it only generates momentum to consciousness awareness and self regulation. My family (currently) is very close and communicates openly about most subjects and family time is held almost sacred. I do factor in that my children have not yet hit puberty and how this stage may disrupt family
Phase I of HSU is not sensitive to ethnic differences that are associated with individuals’ situational or environmental components (Moon, Lubben, & Villa, 1998; Tan, 2009), because Phase I (like all other Phases of HSU) considered ethnicity as a simple predisposing demographic predictor. Most studies using HSU with diverse target populations (e.g., male and female veterans, American Indians, African Americans, or Asian immigrants) proposed that HSU has very limited generalizability, especially for ethnic minority populations (Bradley et al., 2002; Song et al., 2010). Integrating both universal factors and ethnic specific components may enhance the generalizability: some part should cover overall populations regardless of ethnicity or immigrant status of individuals, and the other part should cover unique elements associated with minority populations (Choi, 2011). However, none of the Phases of HSU have incorporated unique components such as acculturation for immigrant populations. Rather, the HSU explains a broad level of demographic (e.g., SES) and social factors (e.g., family or community resources) as predisposing or enabling factors of individuals. Researchers agree that Phase I is not sensitive to the diverse cultural and acculturation barriers/protectors in health care (Moon et al., 1998; Wallace, Levy-Storms, Kington, & Andersen, 1998). Andersen and colleagues (Andersen et al., 2011) also argued that despite the rapid growth of the Asian populations in the U.S., few studies determined cultural influences on Asian populations’ health behaviors or health outcomes. Therefore, it was essential to modify Phase I to investigate the relationships between acculturation and the healthcare utilization behavior of individuals (Choi, 2011). The acculturation measures were added to the predisposing
BFST is tailored to work with inner city, minority families and therapist are trained to assess and facilitate healthy family interactions based on cultural norms (Crago, 2005). This is important as Ana comes from a Guatemalan background and being aware of the cultural needs would be an important part of
The study focused on 17 different sites across the United States with diverse ethnical and familial backgrounds. From these sites, 1513 families were randomly assigned to the programs and 1488 families were randomly assigned to a control group. The control group families were unable to use the program. This study was a longitudinal experiment which was conducted within the field. The researchers used the program as the variable they were able to manipulate and conducted their research at the sites of the program. In this experiment, the researchers investigated three types parental programs, which include parenting classes, support groups, and group socialization, and the effects on parenting behavior scores as well as children’s cognitive development scores (Chang et al, 2009). Although this was an ex...
One of the most critical issues confronted by immigrant families and their adolescent children is the acculturation processes that arise when they make the decision to transition to a new country. Therefore, acculturation is a process in which different ethnic groups learn to adapt to other group’s beliefs, language, and behavior patterns. The purpose for this assignment is to examine various evidence-based and model programs designed to change the stress of acculturation for adolescents.
“Culture refers to the organized pattern of values, beliefs, and behaviors developed and transmitted over time by a cultural group” (Robbins, Chatterjee & Canda, 2012). I talked about the different aspects of how I define my culture. A social worker working with my family would be the most effective if he or she takes my family beliefs and values into consideration. The case that I choose based on familiarity was the Jones Family. Despite some differences, I connected more with this family when talking about my family’s culture. To help the Jones family in their situation, I would focus on the strength and empowerment perspective. Cultural can easily be defined in many ways, but it is up to a family to choose what is include when discussing culture.