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Coal sustainability essay
Coal sustainability essay
How does coal form
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1.) Explain how coal is formed?
Coal is formed from remains of vegetation that grew hundreds of millions of years ago. A majority of our coal was formed about 300 million years ago. During this time, most of the earth was covered with steamy swamps. As time passed, the remains of dead plants and trees sank to the bottom of these swamps. These layers of dead plant remains eventually become a dense and soggy substance known as peat. Throughout time, seas and rivers allowed sand, clay, and other mineral deposits to layer upon the peat. The increase of this process eventually caused the substance to form into coal.
2.) How do we extract coal?
Coal can be extracted in a variety of ways. There are a lot of factors involved in coal mining, which in turn determine which method is most reasonable or economical for extracting coal. A large determining factor is whether or not the coal is being extracted from the surfaces or beneath the surface (underground). A significant amount of coals that are extracted from both the surface and below the surface require washing in a coal preparation plant. All the factors taken into consideration for the most reasonable
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The price of coal remains stable unlike the prices of other fuel and energy sources. Coal is also one of the most abundant energy sources among all energy and fuel sources. Coal is also easy to burn and produces high amounts of energy upon combustion. Coal mining is also responsible for employing over 134,000 people in the United States alone. Coal is also independent of weather conditions, unlike other energy sources. If it happens to raining or strong winds occur, that is not an issue. Power Plants will continue to operate and people will continue to work. This also means that the supply of electricity from these sources is continuous and more consistent than electricity produces by solar panels or wind
Roughly 68 percent of the electricity generated in the United States of America is produced by fossil fuels. That includes petroleum, natural gases and coal. Although coal contributes around 37 percent to the factor, it is by far not the cleanest of them all. Some might argue that it is good for the economy because it is cheap and it creates jobs.. But the other side of the story portrays coal mining as a process that kills thousands of coal miners a year and that it practically destroys the environment around the mining with soot and air pollution. Mining now days is a big part of urbanization; due to how cheap the process is. There are different ways that coal mining is done. Mainly mountain top removal is done but there are many other
There are three main types of coal. These types are: bituminous, lignite, and anthracite. Anthracite coal is considered to be the most valuable, as it contains the most carbon. More carbon within the coal means that it contains a higher energy content. (Energy Quest) Coal is mostly used to provide energy to plant that manufacture electricity, steel, and cement.
A mineral of fossilized carbon, or better known as ‘coal’, is one of the world’s leading sources of energy for the production of Electricity. Although coal is utilized for many other requirements such as refining metal, it is predominately burned for the production of heat and electricity. Coal is a fossil fuel, meaning that the process in which it became too be was through the decomposition of dead plant and animal matter which is referenced as ‘peat’. Different forms of Coal are created when Geological processes produce pressure to the peat which later leads to the formation of coal (Refer to figure 1).
I’ve long been familiar with the concept of coal mines, but a common occurrence I was unfamiliar with previous to this class was the concept of coal mine fires, but it is a huge problem, both economically and environmentally.
The coal industry has spent millions of dollars trying to convince people that they can create a product that is environmentally friendly. The coal industry wants the image of being a "clean" energy seems like a new phenomenon, where today there is better technology to understand the risk of coal and the everyday environment impact that can be seen today with the use of coal for more than a century for industrialization.
The complete process of coal tar production is shown in Figure 1. The coal tar is produced by carbonization of coal. In this process, the coal is heated at 900-1100 ºC and the evolved vapors are condensed to form liquid, from which ammonia is removed to obtain a black viscous crude coal tar. The composition of tar so obtained depends upon the origin and composition of starting material used viz. bituminous (soft) coal, anthracite (hard) (Arnold 1997, Thami 2002).
Coal is a fossil fuel that can be use to create electricity. In order for coal to create electricity it requires mining, transport of power plants...
Most of america does not know but two out of twelve percent of the united states coal will be shut down by or in 2025.(Jeff Spross) This is terrible because coal is what the world runs on. People in america are happy because it is going to make the environment better, but when it comes down to it they will complain when electric prices go up because it cost more to make energy. Coal is what powers phones, houses, schools, restaurants, gas stations, it is what powers the tools to build the houses that keep us warm at night, and the cities and towns we all call home across America.
Coal production in the world has been a revolutionary aspect for humans. Life today as we know it is easy because of the significant impact coal had during the Industrial Revolution. Coal is namely one of the cheapest energy sources available on Earth when being compare to oil, natural gas, and nuclear energy but it creates a few problems when it’s used, specifically environmental ones. Nonetheless this energy resource has been a key concept for many countries as it has provided them with a booming economy. An example would be China who is one of the largest producers and consumers of this energy resource.
electricity generation, which accounts for 90 percent of its total usage. The U.S. is the second largest producer of coal, falling behind China. At the end of 2003, there was an estimated 268 billion tons of coal reserves in the U.S. (Agency, Coal - Clean Energy, 2013) The U.S. produced 948 million short tons of coal in 2013, with now over 10 trillion short tons in reserve. U.S. mining operations support over 500 coal burning power plants, supplied by U.S. rail systems. (EIA, 2014) Coal is currently gaining ground in terms of demand. Despite the negative associations given to coal, it has many positives. There is an abundance of coal in large quantities that is readily available on-hand locally in the United States. This can save on importation fees. It is safer than natural gas to transport; however, mining can still be somewhat dangerous. Above all, it is the cheapest source of energy that is available at this time. (Nersesian, 2010) Coal is relatively inexpensive and in thriving in a mature industry. It is very abundant in highly industrialized countries, and can be transformed into a liquid or gas which burns cleaner. (Association, 2014)
Coal is a combustible sedimentary rock of organic origin made mainly of Carbon 50 – 98 per cent, Hydrogen 3 -13 per cent and oxygen. There is also small amounts of nitrogen, sulphur, and other elements. Some water is always present. Coal is also a fossil fuel and is a non-renewable resource. The major coal (BLACK COAL) has may uses for example generating electricity in power stations,
Coalification, the geologic process that progressively converts plant material to coal, generates large quantities of natural gas, which are subsequently stored in the coal seams. The increased pressures from water in the coal seams force the natural gas to adsorb to the coal. The natural gas consists of approximately 96 percent methane, 3.5 percent nitrogen, and trace amounts of carbon dioxide (U.S. EPA, 2004a). Also known as Coal bed methane (CBM), CSG is released by removing water from the stratum which reduces the pressure on the coal seam (Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation QLD, 2012).
Carbon Dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas that occurs in small quantities in the earth's atmosphere naturally. The earth's ocean, soil, plants and animals release CO2. The formula of Carbon Dioxide is CO2. The CO2 molecule contains 2 oxygen atoms that each share 2 electrons with a carbon atom to form 2 carbon - oxygen double bonds. The atoms are arranged as so (OHT). This is called a 'linear molecule'.
All though coal has a cheap price to it, the damage it does to mother nature is far more greater. The world consumption of coal was the amount of 100million tons of oil in 1860. As of now it has increased dramatically, up to 2200 tons in the year 2000. It is easy to see the life time of coal consumption by simply dividing the coal reserves consumption, and the numbers add up to about 250 years worth. Foreign countries like China are building coal power plants at an alarming rate, it is assumed that a two 500MW coal fired power plants are being built every week.
Coal is one of the most frequently used fossil fuels in this country. The United States Energy Information Administration claims that in 2014, the U.S. generated 4,093 kilowatthours of electricity. 67% of that was generated by fossil fuels. Of that 67%, 39% of that was coal.18 Coal is in abundance across the country and has no evidence of running out any time soon. With this abundance in coal, there are new tactics being used to convert the hazardous chemicals into a more clean type of energy. This is accomplished by the implementation of clean carbon capture. The price of mining coal is relatively cheap, this is going to contribute to the continuation of burning coal unless there is a cheaper more readily available resource.