Symbolism
Symbolism can be defined “as the use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities by giving them symbolic meanings that are different from their literal sense” (C. Bavota). James Hurst gives us many examples of symbolism in his short story “The Scarlet Ibis.” James Hurst was born in 1922 and was the youngest of three children. He attended North Carolina State College and served in The United States Army during World War II. He had originally studied to become a chemical engineer, but he realized he had a passion for music and became a student at the Juilliard School of Music in New York. Wanting to become an Opera singer he traveled to Rome to further he studies. He soon realized he no talent for singing and settled for being a banker by night and a writer by day (James Richard Hurst). “The Scarlet Ibis”, the short story Hurst is most famously known for, contains several important symbols including, Doodle’s go-cart, Old Woman Swamp, and the scarlet ibis.
“The Scarlet Ibis” is a story of two
Doodle’s go-cart represents the burden that is placed on his older brother, Brother. “If I so much as picked up my cap, he’d start crying to go with me and Mama would call from wherever she was, “Take Doodle with you” (Hurst). Brother had wanted a little brother that he could go race with, box with, and climb trees with. Instead, Brother got someone that he could not do any of these things with. He had to pull him around on his go-cart day after day. Brother tried to discourage Doodle from coming with him by running with the go-cart and sometimes tipping it over on him. Doodle was such a burden on Brother that he was embarrassed to have a brother of that age that could not walk. It would be this pride or embarrassment that would be such a burden to Brother, that it would ultimately kill Doodle. This is a great example of symbolism that Hurst gives us, but it is just one of
Doodle was like a shooting star in the night sky. He was rare and special. Doodle was a unique person that was different and didn’t fit in. Doodle was born sick and no one thought he would live, but he did end up living and his brother spent much of his time helping Doodle become stronger and learn to walk. Over time in the story Doodle got stronger, but in the end he eventually died. In “The Scarlet Ibis” James Hurst uses creative symbols such as the color red, the scarlet ibis bird, and the seasons to represent the life of Doodle.
Why do authors use symbolism in their literature? Many authors use symbolism in their literature to create or to add deeper meaning in the context of the whole story. They often use objects, people, actions and words to symbolize a deeper understanding of their story and to develop their themes. They also use symbols to give clue/hints for the story in which they also develop their main characters. In the story, “It Had to be Murder” by Cornell Woolrich, the author uses symbolism to develop his story and to send a message with a deeper understanding of the story to his readers.
Symbolism is one of the most effective and powerful elements in writing. We see various examples of this all throughout "The Things They Carried." Symbolism enables us to tell a story one way, while all along trying to say another. I believe Tim O'Brien has achieved success in doing so in "The Things They Carried."
When Doodle was born, the narrator "...wanted more than anything else someone to race to Horsehead Landing, someone to box with, and someone to perch within the top fork of the great pine behind the barn..."(595). Upon discovering Doodle was not only crippled but also not "'all there'", the narrator selfishly decides to kill his little brother by suffocation. His plan was halted when he watched his brother grinned right at him. Though the narrator didn't kill Doodle, the narrator treated his little brother with cruelty to advance his own desires. Two instances are the reason Doodle walked and Doodle's training in his brother's program. Firstly, the reason that the narrator is determined to teach Doodle to walk was not solely out of kindness. "When Doodle was five years old, I was embarrassed at having a brother of that age who couldn't walk, so I set out to teach him"(597). The narrator is embarrassed that he has a brother that's physically unable to meet the narrator's expectations as what his brother should be. Yet, the narrator successfully taught Doodle how to walk, but in doing so, the narrator gained a false sense of infallibility that's equal only to his pride. The narrator thus created "...a terrific development program for him, unknown to mama and daddy, of course” (599). Several obstacles impeded the progress of the program, resulting in the brothers to double their efforts. The narrator made Doodle"...swim until he turned blue and row until he couldn't lift an oar. Wherever we went, I purposely walked fast, and although he kept up, his face turned red and his eyes became glazed. Once he could go no further, so he collapsed on the ground and began to cry"(601). Blinded by his desire to satisfy his pride, he became ignorant of the fact that as a sick child Doodle is unable to overexert himself, but the
... all their voices; and that Doodle walked only because I was ashamed of having a crippled brother” (337). The narrator says “(…) I was ashamed of having a crippled brother” (337). He looks back and realizes that he was embarrassed of Doodle, that his selfishness drove him to teach Doodle to walk. He acted without thinking of his actions and consequences. Doodle’s brother was embarrassed and even planned to kill Doodle when he was younger because of the humiliation. Consequently, his selfishness would not let him see the possibility of his brother’s future.
“Symbolism.” Dictionary of World Literature: Criticism - Forms - Technique. Ed. Joseph T. Shipley. New York: Philosophical Library, 1943. 564-9.
Blood is thicker than water, but sometimes pride is thicker than both. Such is the case with James Hurst's "The Scarlet Ibis." This is a dramatic short story about two brothers, in which the older brother manipulates and is later responsible for the death of his younger brother, Doodle. These actions proved that he did not love Doodle.
Doodles Brother was very strict. He kept making doodle walk when he was born not to. But somehow he managed to teach him. “When Doodle was five years old, I was embarrassed to have a brother who couldn’t walk, so I set out to teach him”. (204) Doodle’s brother did not feel sorry for Doodle because he cannot walk. Doodle’s brother did it for his reputation because like he said, it was embarrassing.
We first see Doodle's conflicting emotions when Brother is first teaching him to walk. Doodle thinks, "[He] just can't do it. [He wants to go] make honeysuckle wreaths." (Hurst 112) When you first try honeysuckle, you are reluctant at the thought of sucking on a flower, yet you want to find out how sweet it is. In the same way, Doodle doesn't want to learn how to walk, yet he wonders how much better life would be if he knew how to walk. Therefore, the honeysuckle symbolizes Doodle's conflicting emotions of reluctance at the idea of walking, yet he wants to learn when he thinks of how much better life would be if he could walk. Brother and Doodle "went to the pine beside the stream of Old Woman Swamp, and [Brother] put [Doodle] on his feet at least a hundred times each afternoon." (Hurst 112) This shows that no matter how many times Doodle fails, Brother will always pick him up. In addition, it seems that even when Doodle feels bad, Brother helps him get back up and move on. Determination is not something that comes t...
Neither did the burden from his brother nor the harsh defeats in training Doodle took away the narrator’s born-within pride. Throughout the entire story, the narrator’s actions toward his brother were either cruel or loving, such contradicting emotions did make him suffer in the end. Whereas the narrator regrets his actions of leaving Doodle behind, which resulted in Doodle’s death and he now have to bear the pain and shame for losing his brother his entire
“Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used by the author to represent abstract ideas or concepts.” Symbolism in literature is the depth and hidden meaning in any piece of work. The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne is a powerful and evocative novel laced with symbolism. The most obvious is the symbol of the scarlet letter itself, representing Hester’s sin of adultery. Hawthorne’s other symbols are less obvious and are very often obscured in the novel.
Symbolism is used in many stories for authors to help convey a message for reader and for the story to have more value after it is read. The story “The Scarlet Ibis” by James Hurst is a story filled with symbolism, and one symbol is where the two main characters went every day in the summer: Doodle and Brother. Another symbol used by James Hurst is the wagon. The story is about a relationship of two brothers with one being disabled causing him to be much weaker and not being able to do things such as swim, run, and go to school. The character, named Doodle,could not even stand up until his brother who is unnamed, help him learn after a lot of practice. The theme of the story would be to not be too prideful of yourself or someone else. James Hurst uses the swamp and the wagon as symbols to convey more meaning to the story.
James Hurst is the author of the heart breaking short story entitled “The Scarlet Ibis”. “The Scarlet Ibis” is a short story about two brothers; one brother is healthy, while the other is physically handicapped. The short story is centered on the idea that the older, healthier brother’s selfishness and pride ultimately led to the death of his younger brother, Doodle. Numerous quotes throughout the story demonstrate Hurst’s use of symbolism and foreshadowing to portray and predict Doodle’s untimely and heartbreaking death.
Many authors and poets uses symbolism to express emotion and sections throughout the text. Symbols is a great literary device that can help give messages to the reader without the author being too direct. In the story, “Barns Burning” by William Faulkner, Symbolism helps analysis different emotions and meaning throughout the story.
“-, I lay there crying, sheltering my fallen scarlet ibis from the heresy of rain.” This quote shows that the author began to appreciate his brother too late. Throughout the story, it's noticeable that the author overlooks Doodle’s disability, which he admits he was ashamed of and it is this shame that leads to him pushing his brother too far. For, on the day of Doodle’s death he had done many strenuous things and even told his brother, he was feeling tired. The author, ignoring his brother’s pleas and then purposely leaving him behind, is what lead to his death. In The Scarlet Ibis, Doodle is symbolized by the bird in many ways, such as them both having a disability, dying alone, and their deaths being caused by overexertion.