F. Scott Fitzgerald’s classic novel The Great Gatsby explores many themes of the Roaring 20’s. One prominent one being Social Darwinism. According to Cindy Lin on her article summary “Thorstein Veblen and The Great Gatsby”, One element of Social Darwinism includes the rich and wealthy not only looking for ways to define their vulgar extravagances, but justifying it as well. (Lin) We the readers clearly see this with Tom Buchanan. Because of the fact he’s wealthy he feels it’s alright to have an affair with someone from a lower social status than him, and if he gets into trouble he can use his money to get out of it. The main character Jay Gatsby obtains his wealth by illegal means, and throws lavish parties. He believes he is justified because …show more content…
According to Celebi the characters are never shown going to church , or doing any religious actions, and when they do commit an act that is generally not accepted by religion they express no worry over it harming their religious lives such as drinking which was opposed by conservative Christian parties (Celebi). The readers can assume that Fitzgerald did this on purpose due to the fact that the Roaring 20’s was full of religious defiance. One example being the Scopes Monkey Trial where Tennessee teacher John Scopes was tried guilty for teaching human evolution because it disagreed with many Christian Fundamentalists during this time period. In the novel there’s the billboard of TJ Eckleburg's eyes looking over the Valley of Ashes. What’s ironic is that the billboard is supposed to represent the eyes of God, but the Valley of ashes is actually full of immorality and corruption. One clear example is Tom having an affair with a married women, and being rude to her husband who works hard to provide for the both of …show more content…
Materialism is another element of Social Darwinism in The Great Gatsby. Materialism is defined as placing importance on material possessions rather than spiritual or intellectual values. Yasemin Celebi points out that Gatsby is a perfect example of a man who has chosen materialism because he’s framed his entire life on having a dream of material quantities such as being rich, having a girl, being successful and being famous (Celebi). Not just with Gatsby we see this with most of the characters in the novel. Daisy chooses to be with Tom, a man who doesn’t love her, instead of Gatsby a man who does because Tom has money. Myrtle Wilson chooses to be unfaithful to her husband because Tom has money, and he buys her lavish gifts such as the puppy. Even a lot of Gatsby’s guest only attended his parties because they were gaining something from it such as free drinks food etc. But they choose not to come to Gatsby’s funeral because they have nothing to gain from
The emerging inequitable class systems and antagonisms of the nineteen twenties saw the traditional order and moral values challenged, as well as the creation of great wealth for few and poverty for many. The Great Gatsby, written by Francis Scott Fitzgerald, explores the causes and effects of the unbalanced class structures. Fitzgerald outlines the idea that the desire to accumulate wealth and status is a common ambition amongst the lower classes; when that desire is reached, the traditional upper class is challenged by the emerging newly wealthy, which finally leads to destructive consequences. By creating rigid class structures, traditional upper class, new wealth, and the poor in The Great Gatsby, it is shown that the desire to further or maintain socio-economic status leads to immoral behaviour such as criminal activity, adultery, and murder.
The Great Gatsby shows us the decline of civilization with the loss of thought for God and religion. God is merely mentioned at all in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, except for the eyes of T.J. Eckleberg on the billboard. This notion suggests that capitalism is above God among the rich and powerful. The rich and powerful are blind to the notion of God and religion.
The importance of wealth is demonstrated in the book by showing Gatsby’s popularity due to his wealth, which allows him to throw extravagant parties. No one necessarily knows him or is a personal friend of his because his personality doesn’t matter if people are acquaintances with him because of his wealth (page 45). In today’s society, celebrities are constantly surrounded by media, fans, and people pretending to be one’s friends because of their wealth and ability to do things that most cannot do. Infidelity in marriage is exhibited in this book when Tom cheats on Daisy with Myrtle (pages 38-40). In today’s society, more than 50 % of married men have cheated on their wives at some point in their marriage. Racism is shown clear in this book when Tom describes to Nick about a book he is reading on white supremacy (page 17). In American society today, plenty of white supremacy groups, including the Klu Klux Clan, have surfaced along with an ongoing tone of racism against blacks in many parts of the country. The abuse of illegal substances is shown to be a part of The Great Gatsby when Nick spends time with Tom, Myrtle, and a few other friends. Alcohol is illegal during the time period that the book takes place in, and the group of people get drunk regardless (page 39). Illegal substances are constantly being abused in today’s society. Teenagers not of legal drinking age get drunk very often, and illegal drugs are commonly bought, sold, and used by people everywhere. Fidelity in marriage is demonstrated in this book when Daisy and Gatsby get together and the love between them that was once present is still discovered to be there. Daisy is not unfaithful to Tom, even though she is tempted by Jay. In American Society today, celebrities are constantly tempted with groupies, fans, and overly willing people who don’t care that someone is married. There are many celebrity couples who have stayed faithful and together through all temptation, proving fidelity in marriage to still be alive.
In the book the newly rich are seen as people lacking in social graces and taste. For example in chapter 7, Gatsby is driving a flashy bright yellow car while Tom is driving is an elegant navy blue coupé. Nick and Gatsby both posses something that is not seen in any other characters, morals and actually having a heart. For example when Myrtle was killed it was Daisy who was driving the car, Gatsby was afraid Tom was going to hurt her so he stayed outside of her house until four in the morning .Ironically Gatsby’s tender and loving heart is what gets him killed in the moraless, conniving world that he lived in, after taking the blame for killing Myrtle.Gatsby’s fate was tragic, all he wanted was Daisy’s love but she was too caught up in herself to realize how much damage she had actually done.Gatsby’s death represented the death of In chapter 3 Nick says “I am one of the few honest people that i have ever known” (Fitzgerald 59). Throughout the book that claim is proven true, all of the characters had lied about something except Nick. Gatsby lied about how he actually became rich, Daisy lied to Tom assuring him that she had no interest in Gatsby , and Tom lied about having an affair. Those are just a few of the dozens examples throughout the entire novel. When Gatsby was murdered the only man that stood by him was Nick.
Throughout the novel The Great Gatsby, there is a constant theme present: social class. Fitzgerald makes a connection between the theme of social class, and the settings in the novel for example The Valley of Ashes which is described as a “desolate area of land” (p.21) and a “solemn dumping ground” (p.21) which is where the poor people live. The Valley of Ashes is situated between West Egg and New York, West Egg being the place where the aspiring classes are situated, which is the “less fashionable of the two” (p.8), this is where Gatsby lives. West Egg is the place of ‘new money’, Fitzgerald shows this by the idea of the main character Jay Gatsby, rumoured to be selling illegal alcohol (prohibition) which means he is quickly making vast amounts of money.” Who is this Gatsby anyhow? Some big bootlegger?”(p.86) Gatsby shows off the amount of wealth he has by his fabulous parties and oversized mansion. “There was music from my neighbour's house through those summer nights. In his enchanted gardens, men and girls came and went like moths, among the whispering and the champagne and the stars.”(p.33) Fitzgerald uses the word ‘enchanted’ to paint a visual picture of what the house and the scene looks like, a magical and enchanted castle, with elegant furniture. This is in comparison to East Egg where Tom and Daisy Buchanan live, in a house where “The windows were ajar and gleaming white against the fresh grass outside” (p.10). East Egg being the place of ‘old money’ which is made from the inheritance of their past generations, the people who live it East Egg are mainly well educated, historically wealthy and live quite elegantly, but they are also quite ‘snobbish’. Gatsby’s background does not fit into the social standards of East Egg...
middle of paper ... ... Parkinson 96 This kind of so-called rebellious lifestyle encompasses a part of Gatsby; the part that puts ultimate wealth as a life goal and as a way to Daisy. This depiction of Gatsby’s battle for the girl proves that Fitzgerald’s view towards wealth had to have been influenced by the time period he lived in. It also demonstrates the emptiness of values and morals that were so common amongst the majority of the population at that time. This lifestyle spread like a virus to most people because it promised a happy life while being the social norm at the time.
In The Great Gatsby, the author F. Scott Fitzgerald shows the destruction of morals in society. The characters in this novel, all lose their morals in attempt to find their desired place in the social world. They trade their beliefs for the hope of being acceptance. Myrtle believes she can scorn her true social class in an attempt to be accepted into Ton's, Jay Gatsby who bases his whole life on buying love with wealth, and Daisy, who instead of marrying the man she truly loves, marries someone with wealth. The romance of money lures the characters in The Great Gatsby into surrendering their values, but in the end, "the streets paved with gold led to a dead end" (Vogue, December 1999).
Materialism has a negative influence on the characters in the novel, The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald. “The most terrible thing about materialism even more terrible than its proneness to violence, is its boredom, from which sex, alcohol, drugs, all devices for putting out the accusing light of reason and suppressing the unrealizable aspirations of love, offers a prospect of deliverance.” This quote, stated by Malcolm Muggeridge, says that people get bored with the things that they have when they get new things all of the time. When they get bored with these things, they turn to stuff like sex, alcohol, and drugs. In The Great Gatsby, Myrtle, Daisy, and Gatsby are greatly influenced by money, and material things. The negative influence that materialism has on these characters is shown throughout the entire novel.
The debate of nature vs. nurture still continues today in the world of psychology. The effects of an individual’s genetics and the effects of their environment on their personality and actions is an age old debate that is still inconclusive. However, it is evident that both sides of the argument carry some form of the truth. It can be contended that the major characteristics of an individual are formed by their environment, more specifically, their past experiences. An individual’s past moulds and shapes their identity, if they do not make an effort to move on from it. In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald shows that clinging on to the past prevents individuals from fully experiencing the present, eventually leading to resentment, dissatisfaction, and misjudgements.
During Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, it is apparent to be an absurd time for the wealthy. The shallowness of money, riches, and a place in a higher social class were probably the most important components in most lives at that period of time. This is expressed clearly by Fitzgerald, especially through his characters, which include Myrtle Wilson, Tom and Daisy Buchanan, and of course, Jay Gatsby. This novel was obviously written to criticize and condemn the ethics of the rich.
Fitzgerald discusses the desire for material possessions in The Great Gatsby by explaining the fact that Americans judge people by the possessions and the money they have. For example people pictured Tom as a god because of his wealth. Because of his wealth he could commit crimes, have affairs, cover up stories all by being wealthy. Nick explains “They smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness or whatever it was that kept them together and let other people clean up the mess” (Fitzgerald 187). Wealth allowed Tom and Daisy to feel entitled to do as they pleased. They reveled in the fact that they were well known and talked about by people. “Did you keep it…? Sure I did. I was going to wear it tonight, but it was too big in the bust and had to...
“The Great Gatsby”, by F. Scott Fitzgerald depicts the vast social difference between the old aristocrats, the new self-made rich and the poor. He vividly interprets the social stratification during the roaring twenties as each group has their own problems to deal with. Old Money, who have fortunes dating from the 19th century, have built up powerful and influential social connections, and tend to hide their wealth and superiority behind a veneer of civility. The New Money made their fortunes in the 1920s boom and therefore have no social connections and tend to overcompensate for this lack with lavish displays of wealth. As usual, the No Money gets overlooked by the struggle at the top, leaving them forgotten or ignored. Such is exemplified by Jay Gatsby, Myrtle Wilson and Tom Buchanan. Their ambitions distinctly represent their class in which Fitzgerald implies strongly about.
Much like in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, society treats views and treats people with money differently than those without it. For example, Tom and Daisy get away with the death of Tom’s mistress because of their wealth “His family was enormously wealthy – even in collage his freedom with money was a matter for reproach” (Fitzgerald,23). Further the reason that Daisy had not married Gatsby all those years ago was because he was poor, it was not until he had an enormous house and lots of money “She only married you because I was poor and she was tired of waiting for me” (Fitzgerald ,367). It was not until Gatsby became wealthy did Daisy want to marry him “After she was free, they were to go back to Louisville and be married from her house” (Fitzgerald, 311). Moreover, Gatsby’s own personal success was based on how Daisy perceived his house “He hadn’t once ceased looking at Daisy, and I think he revalued everything in his house according to the measure of response it drew from her well loved eyes.” (Fitzgerald, 260). Critic Karielle Stephanie Gam agrees with this view of success “His wealth is never cloaked; from the mansion, to the weekly parties, to the countless dress shirts and expensive cars, it is evident that Gatsby is rich as sin and is initially, though his inclusion in the nouveau riche, the epitome of the American dream.” (Karielle Stephanie
When luxuriant lifestyles of the 1920s, commonly labeled the Roaring ‘20s, come about, morality and individual ethics go instantaneously out of style. Along with these poor morals, crass materialism becomes widespread among the fortunate, transforming noblesse oblige into an unpopular belief, and furthermore leaving those incapable of tremendous success back in the dust. The inevitable alterations in morality repeatedly occur as America continues to progress, and several traits similar to those of the 1920s are visible today. Fitzgerald’s use of The Great Gatsby for social commentary is parallel to today’s social atmosphere.
Francis Scott Fitzgerald’s visionary writing style during the early twentieth century revolutionized a new style for other writers. “Theme is most dramatically expressed through character, and Fitzgerald used the people he created to convey his personal vision of the world” (Keshmiri 2). As Keshmiri states, Fitzgerald, unlike many other writers at the time, expresses his stories through the development of the characters. Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby and The Beautiful and the Damned illustrate the many flaws of human nature and how these flaws contribute to the downfall of the characters through their obsession with status, their inability to accept reality, and the use of alcohol.