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“After the stock market crash of October 1929, millions of americans lost their jobs and homes”. The Great Depression affected the time period in To Kill A Mockingbird greatly. Also, my three main points in this are Jim Crow laws, mob mentality, and the Scottsboro trials.
The events in To Kill A Mockingbird are directly related to Jim Crow laws. The Jim Crow laws was a way of life for white people. It was a set of anti-black laws that black people were supposed to follow putting their status below white people (Pilgrim). It was a way of life during 1877 to mid-1960’s (Pilgrim). The Jim Crow laws were created to keep whites superior to blacks, because some religions believe that whites were the chosen people (Pilgrim).
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They thought if they degraded blacks, whites would become dominant. To enforce these set of laws, they added some violent punishments (Pilgrim). Some punishments would result in arrest, jail time, and sometimes, lynching. Lynching was a widely used way of murdering black people for crimes they usually they didn’t commit. Usually, blacks would be lynched in a mob, because of mob mentality. Jim Crow laws can be seen throughout To Kill A Mockingbird in many places. For example, Calpurnia has to go to black people church, because blacks are not welcome in white church (Lee 157). Also, in the courtroom there were three instances. First, The jury was made up of all white males, because a black man’s word is worth nothing to a white man’s word. Second, the black people had to sit up in the balcony, because again to make whites superior and degrade the black race (Lee 219). Third, when they called on Tom Robinson, they didn’t call him Mr. Robinson, they called him Tom, because blacks don’t get courtesy titles. Another event in To Kill A Mockingbird is mob mentality. Another element in To Kill A Mockingbird is mob mentality.
Mob mentality is unique behavior that come out of a person when they are in a large group (S.E. Smith). Usually, the behavior is negative and could potentially be destructive or harmful. People get into mob mentality for a couple reasons, one being that people see others doing destructive behavior, they might want to join in (S.E. Smith). Second, if they joined in for a peaceful protest and things escalated they may have no choice. Some behaviors of mob mentality are people could do things they normally wouldn’t do (S.E. Smith). For example, people wouldn’t usually lynch somebody or destroy businesses anyday, they do it because of masking. The reason people would lynch someone as seen in the 1900’s, is because if they are in a big group, they will probably not be caught (S.E. Smith). Some behaviors of mob mentality are lynching, looting, and murder (S.E, Smith). Mob mentality can be seen in a couple places in To Kill A Mockingbird. First, when the mob confronted Atticus at the jail, they were a mob and were going to lynch Tom Robinson (Lee 202). Also, when the jury decides the verdict in the Robinson vs. Ewell case, everyone voted that he was guilty, because of the mentality. Atticus showed physical evidence and made it clear that it was physically impossible for Tom to have raped Mayella ( Lee 271-274). The next main point is the Scottsboro …show more content…
trials. The last influence in To Kill A Mockingbird was the Scottsboro boys/trials. The Scottsboro trials were 9 young men that were falsely accused of raping two white women on a train. The nine boys and some white teenagers were riding the rails for food and possibly some odd jobs (Anderson). The two white women were on the train to sell herself for prostitution, and it is against the law to travel across state lines for that. So, the two yelled rape so they wouldn’t be arrested. All the trials for the nine young men, all were convicted after there was evidence that the women weren’t even in the same car as the men, and there were no physical evidence from the doctor that a rape had occurred. And then one of them, Ruby Bates, admitted she lied and that it had never occurred (Johnson). All of the men were convicted and sentenced to death, but some were not and were in jail for several years. Weems, Patterson and Wright were given pardons in 2013 and were released from jail after 80 years (Anderson). This was about Jim Crow laws, mob mentality, and the Scottsboro trials. These three main points talked about greatly affected To Kill A Mockingbird. Works Cited Johnson, Claudie Durst. “Historical Context: The Scottsboro Trials.” Understanding To Kill a Mockingbird. Westport: The Greenwood Publishing, Inc., 1994. Print. Pilgrim, David. “What Was Jim Crow?” Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia. Ferris State University. September 2000. Web. 15 Feb. 2011. Routledge, Clay, Ph.D. "Exploring the Psychological Motives of Racism." Psychology Today. PsychologyToday.com, 31 Aug. 2010. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. Smith, S.E. "What is Mob Mentality?" Wise Geek. Conjecture Corporation, 07/06/2012. Web. 1 Aug 2012. "Strange Fruit: Anniversary of a Lynching." Prod. Joe Richman, and Anayansi Diaz- Cortes. Radio Diaries. NPR: 06 Aug 2010. Radio. . Schaefer, Jack, Ph. "Racism: A Power Struggle by a Different Name." Psychology Today. PsychologyToday.com, 19 May 2011. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. V.,E. Jim Crow. Between 1835 and 1845. Print: etching and ink. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. Web. 18 February 2013. McCabe, Suzanne. “The Great Depression.” Junior Scholastic. 11 May 2009. Lee, Harper. To Kill A Mockingbird. New York: Grand Central, 1960. Print. Historical Paper “After the stock market crash of October 1929, millions of americans lost their jobs and homes”. The Great Depression affected the time period in To Kill A Mockingbird greatly. Also, my three main points in this are Jim Crow laws, mob mentality, and the Scottsboro trials. The events in To Kill A Mockingbird are directly related to Jim Crow laws.
The Jim Crow laws was a way of life for white people. It was a set of anti-black laws that black people were supposed to follow putting their status below white people (Pilgrim). It was a way of life during 1877 to mid-1960’s (Pilgrim). The Jim Crow laws were created to keep whites superior to blacks, because some religions believe that whites were the chosen people (Pilgrim). They thought if they degraded blacks, whites would become dominant. To enforce these set of laws, they added some violent punishments (Pilgrim). Some punishments would result in arrest, jail time, and sometimes, lynching. Lynching was a widely used way of murdering black people for crimes they usually they didn’t commit. Usually, blacks would be lynched in a mob, because of mob mentality. Jim Crow laws can be seen throughout To Kill A Mockingbird in many places. For example, Calpurnia has to go to black people church, because blacks are not welcome in white church (Lee 157). Also, in the courtroom there were three instances. First, The jury was made up of all white males, because a black man’s word is worth nothing to a white man’s word. Second, the black people had to sit up in the balcony, because again to make whites superior and degrade the black race (Lee 219). Third, when they called on Tom Robinson, they didn’t call him Mr. Robinson, they called him Tom, because blacks don’t get courtesy titles. Another event in To Kill A
Mockingbird is mob mentality. Another element in To Kill A Mockingbird is mob mentality. Mob mentality is unique behavior that come out of a person when they are in a large group (S.E. Smith). Usually, the behavior is negative and could potentially be destructive or harmful. People get into mob mentality for a couple reasons, one being that people see others doing destructive behavior, they might want to join in (S.E. Smith). Second, if they joined in for a peaceful protest and things escalated they may have no choice. Some behaviors of mob mentality are people could do things they normally wouldn’t do (S.E. Smith). For example, people wouldn’t usually lynch somebody or destroy businesses anyday, they do it because of masking. The reason people would lynch someone as seen in the 1900’s, is because if they are in a big group, they will probably not be caught (S.E. Smith). Some behaviors of mob mentality are lynching, looting, and murder (S.E, Smith). Mob mentality can be seen in a couple places in To Kill A Mockingbird. First, when the mob confronted Atticus at the jail, they were a mob and were going to lynch Tom Robinson (Lee 202). Also, when the jury decides the verdict in the Robinson vs. Ewell case, everyone voted that he was guilty, because of the mentality. Atticus showed physical evidence and made it clear that it was physically impossible for Tom to have raped Mayella ( Lee 271-274). The next main point is the Scottsboro trials. The last influence in To Kill A Mockingbird was the Scottsboro boys/trials. The Scottsboro trials were 9 young men that were falsely accused of raping two white women on a train. The nine boys and some white teenagers were riding the rails for food and possibly some odd jobs (Anderson). The two white women were on the train to sell herself for prostitution, and it is against the law to travel across state lines for that. So, the two yelled rape so they wouldn’t be arrested. All the trials for the nine young men, all were convicted after there was evidence that the women weren’t even in the same car as the men, and there were no physical evidence from the doctor that a rape had occurred. And then one of them, Ruby Bates, admitted she lied and that it had never occurred (Johnson). All of the men were convicted and sentenced to death, but some were not and were in jail for several years. Weems, Patterson and Wright were given pardons in 2013 and were released from jail after 80 years (Anderson). This was about Jim Crow laws, mob mentality, and the Scottsboro trials. These three main points talked about greatly affected To Kill A Mockingbird. Works Cited Johnson, Claudie Durst. “Historical Context: The Scottsboro Trials.” Understanding To Kill a Mockingbird. Westport: The Greenwood Publishing, Inc., 1994. Print. Pilgrim, David. “What Was Jim Crow?” Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia. Ferris State University. September 2000. Web. 15 Feb. 2011. Routledge, Clay, Ph.D. "Exploring the Psychological Motives of Racism." Psychology Today. PsychologyToday.com, 31 Aug. 2010. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. Smith, S.E. "What is Mob Mentality?" Wise Geek. Conjecture Corporation, 07/06/2012. Web. 1 Aug 2012. "Strange Fruit: Anniversary of a Lynching." Prod. Joe Richman, and Anayansi Diaz- Cortes. Radio Diaries. NPR: 06 Aug 2010. Radio. . Schaefer, Jack, Ph. "Racism: A Power Struggle by a Different Name." Psychology Today. PsychologyToday.com, 19 May 2011. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. V.,E. Jim Crow. Between 1835 and 1845. Print: etching and ink. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. Web. 18 February 2013. McCabe, Suzanne. “The Great Depression.” Junior Scholastic. 11 May 2009. Lee, Harper. To Kill A Mockingbird. New York: Grand Central, 1960. Print.
By providing a precise example of the times it is set in, To Kill a Mockingbird effects the readers opinions on today's society making them think of ways to better it. For example, in the novel, Lee describes what life in Maycomb, a southern town in Alabama, was like during the 1930's: “ a day was twenty-four hours long but seemed longer. There was no hurry, for there was no where to go, nothing to buy, and no money to buy it with...” ( Lee 6). People have a hard time imagining what life in a big depression was like, and this provides them with a description that not only helps the reader think about living during those times but broadens their knowledge about the history in general. This new insight helps them to see how far today's society has come and how many obstacles mankind has faced and overcome on their journey to today. In addition, Catherine Bernard explains through her book, Understanding To Kill A Mockingbird, that: “ While Lee's novel is set in the 1930's, the themes of discrimination and toleranc...
Jim Crow laws were a formal, codified system of racial apartheid that dominated the American South for three quarters of a century beginning in the 1890s. (Jim Crow Laws, PBS). Jim Crow laws had the same ideals that slave codes had. At this time slavery had been abolished, but because of Jim Crow, the newly freed black people were still looked at as inferior. One of the similarities between slave codes and Jim Crow laws was that both sets of laws did not allow equal education opportunities. The schools were separated, of course, which cause the white schools to be richer and more advanced in education than black schools. This relates to slave codes because slaves were not allowed to read which hindered their learning of when they were able to read and write. Another similarity is alcohol. In the Jim Crow era persons who sold beer or wine were not allowed to serve both white and colored people, so they had to sell to either one or the other. This is similar to slave codes because in most states slaves were not allowed to purchase whiskey at all, unless they had permission from their owners. Slaves did not eat with their white owners. In the Jim Crow era whites and blacks could not eat together at all, and if there was some odd circumstance that whites and blacks did eat together then the white person was served first and there was usually something in between them. This relates to slave codes because
To Kill a Mockingbird takes place in a rural southern town in the 1930s, when racism was commonly accepted. Blacks were
To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee seems like a complete replica of the lives of people living in a small Southern U.S. town. The themes expressed in this novel are as relevant today as when this novel was written, and also the most significant literary devices used by Lee. The novel brings forward many important themes, such as the importance of education, recognition of inner courage, and the misfortunes of prejudice. This novel was written in the 1930s. This was the period of the “Great Depression” when it was very common to see people without jobs, homes and food. In those days, the rivalry between the whites and the blacks deepened even more due to the competition for the few available jobs. A very famous court case at that time was the Scottsboro trials. These trials were based on the accusation against nine black men for raping two white women. These trials began on March 25, 1931. The Scottsboro trials were very similar to Tom Robinson’s trial. The similarities include the time factor and also the fact that in both cases, white women accused black men.
The term Jim Crow was a “colloquialism whites and blacks routinely used for the complex system of laws and customs separating races in the south” (Edmonds, Jim Crow: Shorthand for Separation). In other words, it was a set of laws and customs that people used that separated white people from the colored. The Jim Crow laws and practices deprived American citizens of the rights to vote, buses, and “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.” First, though, a little background on Jim Crow is in order.
The novel of To Kill a Mockingbird is set in the timeline and era of the 1930s which was synonymous for the renowned Great Depression. A tragedy in which social and economic change was urgently required yet old traditional beliefs and racial hierarchies including the Jim Crow laws were kept firm in position. These beliefs along with other aspects including behavior are clearly represented in the novel which leads the reader to infer that the time and setting of To Kill a Mockingbird is the 1930s. There are various methods and pieces of evidence that we draw upon that leads to the conclusion that the setting of the novel takes place in the
“The ‘Jim Crow’ laws got their name from one of the stock characters in the minstrel shows that were a mainstay of popular entertainment throughout the nineteenth century. Such shows popularized and reinforced the pervasive stereotypes of blacks as lazy, stupid, somehow less human, and inferior to whites” (Annenberg, 2014). These laws exalted the superiority of the whites over the blacks. Although equally created, and affirmed by the Supreme Court, and because of the Civil War officially free, African Americans were still treated with less respect than many household pets. The notorious Jim Crow laws mandated segregation and provided for severe legal retribution for consortium between races (National, 2014). Richard Wright writes about this, his life.
Mob mentality is the actions of what people do in large groups. Mob mentality can be defined as the unique behavioral characteristics or actions that people do in big groups, usually with little amount of individual thought (Smith). One reason why people do these actions is that people often do what others are doing around them, so they don’t feel left out, or sometimes feel like they have to do what others are doing around them to fit in (Smith). Another reason people do these actions in big groups is that when there around so many other people they don’t feel like they are consequences for their actions since they are with so many other people (Smith). The longer people are doing these actions in a mob, the harder it is for people to remember why they started the mob in the first place (Edmonds). Examples of the actions are, destroying property, or hurting people (Edmonds). Mob mentality can be seen in To Kill a Mockingbird in many ways. One example of this is people in a big group vandalizing a building, or attacking someone, they feel they can do this and get away with it since they are in a big group. We see this in To Kill a Mockingbird when the mob comes to the jail cell to lynch Tom Robison (Lee 172-174). Mob mentality and Jim Crow laws were not the only thing that had an influence in To Kill a Mockingbird so did the Scottsboro
To Kill The Mockingbird was about a black guy named Tom Robinson who was accused of raping a young women by the name of Mayella Ewell. In the court, significant evidence was presented to the juror's that would prove that Tom Robinson was innocent. The evidence showed that a left handed male must have beat Mayella because the bruises were on the right side of her and Tom Robinsons left arm was disabled. Robinson could not have beat Ms. Ewell. Tom Robinson was still convicted and later on was shot at a prison fence while he was trying to run away. The juror's discriminated Mr. Robinson and was prejudice towards him because all though evidence was presented to them that would prove Tom innocent they ignored it because the guy was black and in the 30's discriminating blacks were heavily favored.
The Jim Crow laws were laws used to separate the blacks and whites. “Jim Crow is discrimination against a racial group other than white, and especially against the Negro in the southland by either legal enforcement or traditional sanctions” (Worsmer, Richard). Most White people believed that they were superior over all of the other races, and they thought this because they were raised to learn that. But that still gives them no excuse
Mob mentality is the psychological reason behind how a mob acts or makes bad decisions. Mob mentality has been known to make good people make bad choices like looting or burning a vehicle or on the less extreme side of things smoke a cigarette because their friends are doing it. The main cause of mob mentality is a human’s mind. We have a primal instinct to be part of a group (Smith). Most people want to be like and because of peer pressure we often find ourselves doing actions that we would not normally do (Smith). Mob mentality can be seen in To Kill A Mockingbird many times. It only takes one act of violence to whip the emotionally distressed crowd into a fury (Edmonds). In the book, when Atticus was sitting at the jail with Tom Robinson the mob that came to kill him had never had a previous bad experience with Tom, they just were mad that a man could pull something like this off. Mob mentality is a key historical influence on Harper Lee’s novel, another historical event includes The Scottsboro
To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee has become a mainstay in American high-schools. This is a classic novel that has inspired many people of all ages. It had a big impact on how people viewed and treated each other. This is a story that teaches everyone about the value of honesty, love, friendship and trust. Every word written in this book has a truly deep meaning to it. The time period that the book was written in was during the Great Depression in the 1930’s. This setting was in a small town in Maycomb, Alabama with people who did not get along. During this time there was a lot of segregation within America and different races. To Kill a Mockingbird is about a family who believes in doing the right thing and being honest. There was a court case that had gone viral about a black man who raped a white woman. A white lawyer named Atticus Finch gave his all to defend a black man named Tom Robinson. There was no evidence that showed that Tom raped Mayella Ewell and he was convicted guilty because of his color. When a black folk was accused of something they are immediately accused guilty. To Kill a Mockingbird should be taught in American high-schools because it teaches students about segregation/racism, right from wrong, and courage.
The novel "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee is a simplistic view of life in the Deep South of America in the 1930s. An innocent but humorous stance in the story is through the eyes of Scout and Jem Finch. Scout is a young adolescent who is growing up with the controversy that surrounds her fathers lawsuit. Her father, Atticus Finch is a lawyer who is defending a black man, Tom Robinson, with the charge of raping a white girl. The lives of the characters are changed by racism and this is the force that develops during the course of the narrative.
Jim Crow, a series of laws put into place after slavery by rich white Americans used in order to continue to subordinate African-Americans has existed for many years and continues to exist today in a different form, mass incarceration. Jim Crow laws when initially implemented were a series of anti-black laws that help segregate blacks from whites and kept blacks in a lower social, political, and economic status. In modern day, the term Jim Crow is used as a way to explain the mass incarcerations of blacks since Jim Crow laws were retracted. Through mass incarceration, blacks are continuously disenfranchised and subordinated by factors such as not being able to obtain housing, stoppage of income, and many other factors. Both generations of Jim Crow have been implemented through legal laws or ways that the government which helps to justify the implementation of this unjust treatment of blacks.
Jim Crow was the name of the system of laws that stripped African Americans of their personal rights. These laws started in the 1870s with the general aim to deprive any African American of his or her personal rights. The southern and border states were the primary followers of Jim Crow (What Was Jim Crow?). According to USA History, “The name Jim Crow derived from a comic and sketch show character played by Thomas Dartmouth Rice in 1904.” Before the character, there was a song often referred to as “Jumpin’ Jim Crow.” The actors would paint their faces black to make fun of African Americans. Jim Crow was portrayed to be lazy, naïve, and confused. Even though there are clues that the term Jim Crow was used before T.D. Rice, this was the first documented use (USA History). Jim Crow laws were not only a set of rules, but also a set way of life.