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Marxism theory and the great gatsby
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Recommended: Marxism theory and the great gatsby
Dillon Wilbert
Mrs. Rehm 3B
AP English 11
17 April 2014
The Great Gatsby:
Karl Marx, author of The Communist Manifesto, theorized that people think and behave based on economic factors. Marx contemplated that people with large amounts of wealth and in the upper social class influenced and controlled those of the lower classes. In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, these Marxist issues are very prevalent, as the book is focused on this greed and hierarchy of the upper class. Even though Fitzgerald may not have meant for it to be, The Great Gatsby is a commentary and warning of excess and the dangerous influence of the upper class.
Jay Gatsby is living the American Dream. Gatsby started from nothing, and he made it up to the upper class. As stated by Nick Caraway, “Americans, while occasionally willing to be serfs, have always been obstinate about being peasantry” (93). But did Jay Gatsby come across his wealth ethically? As Gatsby’s friend and business associate, the man with the human tooth cuff links, Meyer Wolfshiem is met by Nick Caraway in an underground speakeasy in New...
In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby provides the reader with a unique outlook on the life of the newly rich. Gatsby is an enigma and a subject of great curiosity, furthermore, he is content with a lot in life until he strives too hard. His obsession with wealth, his lonely life and his delusion allow the reader to sympathize with him. Initially, Gatsby stirs up sympathetic feelings because of his obsession with wealth.
The emerging inequitable class systems and antagonisms of the nineteen twenties saw the traditional order and moral values challenged, as well as the creation of great wealth for few and poverty for many. The Great Gatsby, written by Francis Scott Fitzgerald, explores the causes and effects of the unbalanced class structures. Fitzgerald outlines the idea that the desire to accumulate wealth and status is a common ambition amongst the lower classes; when that desire is reached, the traditional upper class is challenged by the emerging newly wealthy, which finally leads to destructive consequences. By creating rigid class structures, traditional upper class, new wealth, and the poor in The Great Gatsby, it is shown that the desire to further or maintain socio-economic status leads to immoral behaviour such as criminal activity, adultery, and murder.
The Great Gatsby displays how the time of the 1920s brought people to believe that wealth and material goods were the most important things in life, and that separation of the social classes was a necessary need. Fitzgerald’s choice to expose the 1920s for the corrupt time that it really was is what makes him one of the greatest authors of his time, and has people still reading one of his greatest novels, The Great Gatsby, decades
Posnock, Ross. "'A New World, Material Without Being Real': Fitzgerald's Critique of Capitalism in The Great Gatsby." Critical Essays on Scott Fitzgerald's "Great Gatsby." Ed. Scott Donaldson. Boston: Hall, 1984. 201-13.
Throughout “The Great Gatsby,” F. Scott Fitzgerald characterizes the citizens of East Egg as careless in some form. This relates to the prominent class issue seen all through “Gatsby.” It seems as though Daisy and Tom almost look down upon others. At one point in the book, Nick says “in a moment she looked at me with an absolute smirk on her lovely face as if she had asserted her membership in a rather distinguished secret society to which she and Tom belonged.” It is because of their belief of superiority that they deem themselves better than other and allows them to live so carelessly.
The Great Gatsby “The Great Gatsby”, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, depicts the vast social difference between the old aristocrats, the new self-made rich and the poor. He vividly interprets the social stratification during the roaring twenties as each group has their own problems to deal with. Old Money, who have fortunes dating from the 19th century, have built up powerful and influential social connections, and tend to hide their wealth and superiority behind a veneer of civility. The New Money made their fortunes in the 1920s boom and therefore have no social connections and tend to overcompensate for this lack with lavish displays of wealth. As usual, the No Money gets overlooked by the struggle at the top, leaving them forgotten or ignored.
A prime example of all that is displayed in the novel would come from the clear cut descriptions of the East and West Egg neighborhoods. Subsequently, the treatment of lower class citizens also paves the way in which this story is set, from one extreme to the other. Therefore, in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the capitalistic environment directly correlates to the socially and economically broken down society, and contributes to the division of wealth amongst
During Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, it is apparent to be an absurd time for the wealthy. The shallowness of money, riches, and a place in a higher social class were probably the most important components in most lives at that period of time. This is expressed clearly by Fitzgerald, especially through his characters, which include Myrtle Wilson, Tom and Daisy Buchanan, and of course, Jay Gatsby. This novel was obviously written to criticize and condemn the ethics of the rich.
F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is a scathing criticism of the rich men and women of 1920’s America. The only driving force behind them is the lust for excess money and pleasure.
In The Great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald money, power, and the fulfillment of dreams is what the story’s about. On the surface the story is about love but underneath it is about the decay of society’s morals and how the American dream is a fantasy, only money and power matter. Money, power, and dreams relate to each other by way of three of the characters in the book, Gatsby, Daisy, and Tom. Gatsby is the dreamer, Daisy cares about money, and Tom desires and needs power. People who have no money dream of money. People who have money want to be powerful. People who have power have money to back them up. Fitzgerald writes this book with disgust towards the collapse of the American society. Also the purposeless existences that many people lived, when they should have been fulfilling their potential. American people lacked all important factors to make life worthwhile.
In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald creates an artificial world where money is the object of everyone's desire. The characters, the setting, and the plot are very deeply submerged in a Capitalism that ends up destroying many of them. Fitzgerald's criticism of Capitalism can be seen as a move to subtly promote Socialism, an ideology in which value is placed on the inherent value of an object rather than its market value. In a late collection of notes, Fitzgerald himself proclaims that he is "essentially Marxist." [i] Marxism is a specific branch of Socialist theory. Fitzgerald makes Gatsby a novel that is not inherently Marxist or even Socialist, but one that is imbued with Marxist theory. He does this by denouncing nonhumanitarianism, reification, and market value. Fitzgerald implies that the Capitalist system does not work because at the end of the novel, all of the characters that represent typical American Capitalism end up either dead or completely unhappy. Fitzgerald's criticisms work to warn 1920's Americans of their behavior and how destructive it can be.
In The Great Gatsby Fitzgerald explores the idea of the American Dream as well as the portrayal of social classes. Fitzgerald carefully sets up his novel into distinct social groups but, in the end, each group has its own problems to contend with, leaving a powerful reminder of what a precarious place the world really is. By creating two distinct social classes ‘old money’ and ‘new money’, Fitzgerald sends strong messages about the elitism underlying and moral corruption society. The idea of the American dream is the ideal that opportunity is available to any American, allowing their highest aspirations and goals to be achieved. In the case of The Great Gatsby it centres on the attainment of wealth and status to reach certain positions in life,
The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald took place in the 1920’s when the nation was undergoing rapid economic, political, and social change. Looking through different literary lenses the reader is able to see the effects of these rapid changes. The marxist lens reflects the gap between rich and poor while the feminist lens showcases the patriarchal society.
The story The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is about the society surrounding the characters of the book. We, as a society, are just like these characters, even today, and even into the future. Whether it is like the people of the Valley of ashes desperately trying to look rich and be like the wealthy, the new money people and trying to be just like the plutocrats of West Egg, and the Plutocrats seeing everyone as beneath themselves. The common people of the world who are desperate to be rich are one of the reasons it will always be relevant.
Karl Marx was a firm believer that “It is not the consciousness of men that determines their existence, but their social existence that determines their consciousness”. The wealth and status of a person will ultimately determine their life and the limitations of what they will be able to achieve. In The Great Gatsby, the characters of Tom and Daisy adhere to Marx's belief as they conform to the attitudes of the upper class in a capitalist 1920s America - often they were selfish and had no concern for the difference in their income to that of the lower class. Even Fitzgerald, to an extent, conformed to these attitudes after acquiring “celebrity status”.