Euripides was accused by his contempories of being a woman hater. Why
do you think this was so, and how justified do you think the accusation was?
Question
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Euripides was accused by his contempories of being a woman hater. Why
do you think this was so, and how justified do you think the
accusation was? In your answer you should consider not only how
Euripides portrays his female characters, but also the sentiments
expressed in the plays and the contempory view of women.
Answer
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Euripides definitely had an opinion on woman that was not shared by
many other play writes. Whether it is hatred or not, women play a
major role in a Euripian play. Their role in society of that time was
a great contrast to that of the men. Compared to today, women were
miles apart from men; they were not even considered citizens of their
region.
This is obvious in the chorus where in the Electra, Medea and
Hippolytus there is a chorus of women. This was unheard of in the time
when the plays were written. A chorus is typically made up of wise men
of Athens, therefore making it up of women would in that age, be very
controversial. In Medea the chorus side with her and Medea makes the
chorus swear to silence. Therefore she can confide in them without
having to put a face on. The image put across here is that the woman
team up against the man. The chorus being women, side with the
feminist Medea. "I heard her sobbing and wailing," the chorus talk
about the true Medea that is hidden under her facade.
The same is true in the Electra. The chorus is made up of
country-women of Mycenae, who also side with Electra. When Electra
moans about not having a gown or riches to go out and enjoy herself,
the chorus offer a way out. "Borrow from me a lovely gown, closely
woven, and a gold necklace." The women are on her side, they try to
persuade her to be like all the other women and go out partying.
Electra wants none of this and aims to gain more self-pity by forcing
herself to stay at home, doing all the work. Euripides writes her to
be an attention seeking noble woman, who has married the peasant to
make a statement. Not the most likeable of characters.
In the Hippolytus, there are two choruses. One made up of huntsmen who
follow Hippolytus and the other of women from Trozen. They support
what they represent. This shows a contrast ...
... middle of paper ...
...My boy, the oath you gave me,
you'll never break that?" The Nurse whines to Hippolytus hoping to get
her own way. "Oh, I clasp your knees and beg you," The Nurse's
stubbornness to try and please ends up leading to Phaedra dying
without honour.
Euripides begins his plays often with erratic women, ie Electra, Medea
and Phaedra. They have serious issues and seek vengeance, with the
exception of Phaedra who is the cause of a vengeful attack; Theseus
killing his son, Hippolytus. There are never any heroic women or women
that we feel sympathy for. The only woman who is in the slightest way
victimised is Clytemnestra. Electra murders her in revenge for killing
her father Agamemnon. This is made obvious in the play and
Clytemnestra's bad relationship with her daughter Electra does not
show her in a good light. We feel sympathy for the self-inflicted
widow, when she describes what she has gone through. "Then her father
cut her soft white throat-My Iphigenia." Out of all of Euripides'
female characters, she contains the most sentiment and emotion. In
summary, apart from Clytemnestra, the lady characters are mad
psychopathic women, with hidden depths, morals and loyalties.
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the mans face, and she is saying it appears to look like a smile which
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took it as a compliment and used it in his defense. He used these accusations
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