As I explored the internet for articles on unethical organizations, it is not hard to find a long list of examples. Tyco International captured my interest the most since I saw their name mentioned numerous times in articles, and Air Products utilizes the company as a vendor in Asia. Tyco was ranked number five on The Richiest.com website’s top ten corporate scandal list. In addition, a few other familiar companies listed included BP Oil, Xerox, WorldCom, and, of course, Enron as number one.
The Tyco 's scandal had taken place in 2002 when the board of directors launched an investigation concerning their members ' incorrect behavior (LawTeacher, 2013). More than 30 counts of ethical misconduct including enterprise corruption, grand larceny and faking business records were charged to the executives (Adi, 2013). Today, Tyco Incorporated is a $10+ billion company and employs more than 240,000 employees and operates in over 50 countries. They provide security and fire related products and serve more than three million customers worldwide. The company originated in 1960 by Arthur J. Rosenberg. Over the years, the company has acquired three large companies including ADT,
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The board 's actions did not bring the most pleasure to the greatest number of people, and at no time did the company think of any other parties and the consequences of their actions. Tyco’s actions help to endorse the views of economist Milton Friedman, who is an advocate of the narrow view. The narrow view states that corporations only think of profit and care less for the stakeholders within the corporation. Possibly it is a mistake to see a corporation as being morally responsible or to expect it to display such moral characteristics as honesty, considerateness, and sympathy (Shaw, 2014, p. 155). The victims in this case were clearly the employees, shareholders, stakeholders, and the company
Moncrief Company agreed to pay Jim Lester 20% of the gross profit made from the 2013 sales of the Zelenex. Between January 1, 2013 and December 28, 2013, Moncrief’s total available units for sale were, 50,000 units of Zelenex for $30.00 per unit ($1,500,000). Also in addition to the former activities, Moncrief sold 35,000 units for $60.00 per unit ($2,100,000). Moncrief Company uses periodic LIFO inventory method as a result, Jim Lester was to receive $210,000. (Textbook pg.469)
There are unethical leaders from almost every professional, industry, or any type of business. Corporate executives like Kenneth Lay and Martha Stewart were taken before the court for poor ethical practices. Leaders of pharmaceutical companies have been found knowing about distribution of unsafe products. Leaders at Coke Cola were found guilty of racial discrimination and leaders of cruise ships fined for dumping waste in the ocean. News reports exposed Wall Street analysts who created phony reports, made profits, and pushing worthless stocks, left citizens questioning if they should invest their money. Leaders of the world’s largest retailer, Wal-Mart, were cited for practices of employee abuses and gender discrimination. Questions emerged in the news whether leaders of the tobacco i...
The Enron Corporation was founded in 1985 out of Houston Texas and was one of the world 's major electricity, natural gas, communications, and pulp and paper companies that employed over 20,000 employees. This paper will address some of the ethical issues that plagued Enron and eventually led to its fall.
Many organizations have been destroyed or heavily damaged financially and took a hit in terms of reputation, for example, Enron. The word Ethics is derived from a Greek word called Ethos, meaning “The character or values particular to a specific person, people, culture or movement” (The American Heritage Dictionary, 2007, p. 295). Ethics has always played and will continue to play a huge role within the corporate world. Ethics is one of the important topics that are debated at lengths without reaching a conclusion, since there isn’t a right or wrong answer. It’s basically depends on how each individual perceives a particular situation. Over the past few years we have seen very poor unethical business practices by companies like Enron, which has affected many stakeholders. Poor unethical practices affect the society in many ways; employees lose their job, investors lose their money, and the country’s economy gets affected. This leads to people start losing confidence in the economy and the organizations that are being run by the so-called “educated” top executives that had one goal in their minds, personal gain. When Enron entered the scene in the mid-1980s, it was little more than a stodgy energy distribution system. Ten years later, it was a multi-billion dollar corporation, considered the poster child of the “new economy” for its willingness to use technology and the Internet in managing energy. Fifteen years later, the company is filing for bankruptcy on the heels of a massive financial collapse, likely the largest in corporate America’s history. As this paper is being written, the scope of Enron collapse is still being researched, poked and prodded. It will take years to determine what, exactly; the impact of the demise of this energy giant will be both on the industry and the
The three main crooks Chairman Ken Lay, CEO Jeff Skilling, and CFO Andrew Fastow, are as off the rack as they come. Fastow was skimming from Enron by ripping off the con artists who showed him how to steal, by hiding Enron debt in dummy corporations, and getting rich off of it. Opportunity theory is ever present because since this scam was done once without penalty, it was done plenty of more times with ease. Skilling however, was the typical amoral nerd, with delusions of grandeur, who wanted to mess around with others because he was ridiculed as a kid, implementing an absurd rank and yank policy that led to employees grading each other, with the lowest graded people being fired. Structural humiliation played a direct role in shaping Skilling's thoughts and future actions. This did not mean the worst employees were fired, only the least popular, or those who were not afraid to tell the truth. Thus, the corrupt culture of Enron was born. At one point, in an inter...
After news of the scandal of Enron, one of the hottest items on e-Bay was a 64-page copy of Enron’s corporate code of ethics. One seller/former employee proclaimed it had “never been opened.” In the forward Kenneth L. Lay, CEO of Enron stated, “We want to be proud of Enron and to know that it enjoys a reputation for fairness and honesty and that it is respected (Enron 2).” For a company with such an extensive code of ethics and a CEO who seemed to want the company to be respected for that, there are still so many unanswered questions of what exactly went wrong. I believe that simply having a solid and thorough code of ethics alone does not prevent a company from acting unethically when given the right opportunity.
Any corporation involved in fraudulent activities will suffer from consequences that negatively affect the image of an organization. While the majority of companies earn
Enron Corporation was based in Houston, Texas and participated in the wholesale exchange of American energy and commodities (ex. electricity and natural gas). Enron found itself in the middle of a very public accounting fraud scandal in the early 2000s. The corruption of Enron’s CFO and top executives bring to question their ethics and ethical culture of the company. Additionally, examining Enron ethics, their organization culture, will help to determine how their criminal acts could have been prevented.
The story of Enron begins in 1985, with the merger of two pipeline companies, orchestrated by a man named Kenneth L. Lay (Zellner & Forest, 2001). In its 15 years of existence, Enron expanded its operations to provide products and services in the areas of electricity, natural gas as well as communications. Through its diversification, Enron would become known as a corporate America darling (Tonge, Greer & Lawton, 2003) and Fortune Magazine’s most innovative company for 5 years in a row (Hayes & Ariail, 2013). They reported extraordinary profits in a short amount of time. For example, in 1998 Enron shares were valued at a little over $20, while in mid-2000, those same shares were valued at just over $90 (Hayes & Ariail, 2013), the all-time high during the company’s existence (Tonge, Greer & Lawton, 2003).
The main ethical issue with the Enron scandal is that Enron allowed legal loopholes to supersede ethical principles (Bowen & Heath, 2005). Enron used legal principles to justify what they were doing instead of acknowledging that the accounting processes they were using were unethical. Another one of the ethical issues is that Enron faced was that
Louis Borget, the president of Enron, stole $3M from the company and transferred into his personal offshore account. The men of this company never considered the consequences their actions would have on stakeholders, such as the employees. Step #3 tells us to consider all stakeholders involved in a decision, but we saw that Enron was clearly blinded ethics. The company encouraged all employees to put all of their money into stocks, even though they knew the company was collapsing. 4. List the points of the movie you agreed with and state why. a. Rappaport said, “ Ultimately, the fatal flaw with Enron was a sense that brains and wiliness could out think the way that system will eventually work.” I agreed with this assumption because throughout the movie this was a common theme. For example, Enron made a deal with Blockbuster to try and sell movies online. When a Canadian bank heard about this they gave Enron a loan of 115 million dollars, in exchange for the profits. When the plan tanked, they counted the loan as a profit from the venture. 5. List the points you disagreed with or found unhelpful. a. The whole was able to give me a general understanding of what happened to
It seems obvious that large corporations have a tendency to ignore the negative effects of their actions in favor of profit. This example, although sensationalized, still says to me that with power comes responsibility. It affirmed my belief that a corporation’s goal cannot be just to provide profit to shareholders, but there must also be an element of social responsibility.
The American Dream typically involves working hard to build up an organization, maintaining it well, and reaping the benefits. This vision most certainly drove the formation of the energy powerhouse known as the Enron Corporation. The company began as two average sized organizations and within 15 years emerged as America’s seventh largest company. The organization employed close to 21,000 staff members with locations in over 40 nations around the world. Unfortunately, this success was decimated by numerous scandals involved with accounting practices. From lies of profits to questionable dealings, such as concealing debts, the parties involved with running the company had made some fatal errors. The end result left Enron without creditors and investors, leading to the firm to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy (British Broadcasting Corporation, Enron Scandal at a Glance). The story of this once remarkable company is one that can be traced from the decisions made from its inception leading all the way to the much publicized trials that ensued.
The Tyco accounting scandal is an ideal illustration of how individuals who hold key positions in an organization are able to manipulate accounting practices and financial reports for personal gain. The few key individuals involved in the Tyco Scandal (CEO Kozlowski and CFO Swartz), used a number of clever and unique tactics in order to accomplish what they did; including spring loading, manipulating their ‘key-employee loan’ program, and multiple ‘hush money’ payouts.
When the problem became serious two main views formed: the “narrow” view and the “broader” view, based on different ideas. The “narrow” view is based on the proposition that corporations have no social responsibility and they have only one main purpose, to make a profit (Friedman, 1970). So corporations should remain socially independent and all conflicts must be solved through the individual responsibility concept. On the contrary the “broader” view states that corporations have social obligations as all existing participants of market, persons and entities are tied together and are mutually dependent. So corporations cannot ignore some serious events or problems, which take place, and must help society, as profit is not their single purpose.