CHAPTER 1 SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM : GENERAL STAGES BOOSTERS PROPOSED MISSIONS WHAT IS THE SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM? The Space Launch System (SLS) is NASA’s new heavy launch vehicle. It is to replace the retired Space Shuttle. Its initial Block I version, without an upper stage, is to lift a payload of 70 metric tons to orbit. The final Block II version is to have a payload lift capability of at least 130 metric tons to low earth orbit, 12 metric tons above that of Saturn V, which would make the SLS the most capable heavy lift vehicle ever built. WHY SLS? SLS is to be capable of lifting astronauts and hardware to near-Earth destinations such as asteroids, the Moon, Mars, and Earth's Lagrangian points. SLS can also support trips to the International Space Station. The SLS program is in combination with NASA's Orion Crew and Service Module, which would have astronauts returning to earth in a capsule-shaped, four-person module. SLS will use the ground operations and launch facilities at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The first flight-test of the Block I variant of the vehicle, (Exploration Mission 1) is scheduled to be in 2017. *Low Earth orbit (LEO): Orbit around Earth with an altitude between 160 kilometers and 2,000 kilometers. *Lagrange points: There are five other locations around a planet’s orbit where the gravitational forces and the orbital motion of the spacecraft, Sun and planet interact to create a stable location from which to make observations. STAGES OF THE SLS 1. CORE STAGE The core stage of the SLS consists of a modified Space Shuttle External Tank with the aft section modified to accept the rocket's Main Propulsion System (MPS) and the top modified to hold an interstage structure. Since the M... ... middle of paper ... ...ines, will be installed on the stand for propellant fill and drain testing and two hot-fire tests. Engine Testing A new 7755-pound thrust frame adapter for the A-1 Test Stand is being fabricated to enable testing of the RS-25 engines. Each rocket engine type requires a thrust frame adapter unique to its specifications. On the test stand, the adapter is attached to the thrust measurement system. The rocket engine is then attached to the adapter, which must hold the engine in place and absorb the thrust produced during a test, while allowing accurate measurement of the engine performance. The design has to account for a number of considerations, such as specific stresses on the equipment as an engine is fired and then gimbaled during a test, what type and strength of bolts are needed to fully secure the equipment, and what materials can be used to build the adapter.
Remove the 18mm bell housing bolt. There will be 4 easily accessible from the top with 3.1, 5 with 3.8. Next install the holding fixture with two hooks to support the engine while the trans is removed. This is a large frame like device that has two hooks that support the engine from above while major components have been removed from below. Raise and support the vehicle.
The arm is designed to carry up to 255,736 pounds of space station material off and on the space station. The arm will have to be used to move every thing into place on the space station. Its main goal will be to make the astronaut’s job a lot easier and safer by the arm doing the most of the work.
A connecting rod subjected to an axial load F may buckle with x-axis as neutral axis in the plane of motion of the connecting rod, {or} y-axis is a neutral axis. The connecting rod is considered like both ends hinged for buckling about x axis and both ends fixed for buckling about y-axis. A connecting rod should be equally strong in buckling about either axis [8].
The early missions of Project Apollo were mostly dedicated to the establishment and advancement of technology to meet America’s national interests in space. Apollo missions 1 through 10 were focused on building and testing the Command Module (CM), Service Module (SM), and Lunar Module (LM). Altogether the CM and the SM make the Command Service Module, or CSM.
According to Miller, Ron. The History of Rockets. N.p.: Grolier, 1999. Print. "The forces of action and reaction, which propel the rocket forward, occur the moment the fuel is burned-before the exhaust leaves the engine." (Miller 10). the combustion within the motor is burning the fuel (reactants) causing the exhaust (products) to leave the motor pushing the rocket up.
On the morning of January 28, 1986, the Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrated in midair as the nation watched in disbelief and sadness. The cause of the Challenger accident was determined to be a system design failure on one of the shuttle’s solid rocket boosters. Solid Rocket Boosters (SRBs) are a pair of large solid strap-on rockets that were utilized by NASA during the first two minutes of the Challenger’s Space Shuttle launch. The pair of SRBs was applied to provide an extra liftoff boost for the Space Shuttle during takeoff. Each SRB were located on each side of the external propellant tank of the spacecraft. Once they began to operate, “the boosters separate from the orbiter/external tank, descend on parachutes, and land in the Atlantic Ocean” (Wilson, 2006). NASA would then send ships into the Atlantic Ocean to retrieve the boosters. The boosters were refurbished so they can be used again. According to NASA officials, “the SRBs were the largest solid-fuel rocket motors ever flown, and the first to be used for primary propulsion on human spaceflight missions” (Wilson, 2006).
The SOHO spacecraft was launched on December 2, 1995 where then it was directed to go about 930,000 miles sunward from the Earth to the L1 or the Lagrangian point. This “Lagrangian” point is a place between the Sun and the Earth where the gravity pulls of both masses stabilize the spacecraft enough to achieve a state of gravitational equilibrium between the two masses. At this point, the spacecraft then established its own “halo-like” orbit in space but continued to also orbit about the Sun in the same orbital path as the Earth. Once SOHO’s “halo-like” orbit was established, the spacecraft was then ready to open its payload bay doors and begin its probing of the Sun with its wide array of scientific instruments.
chamber used as a control will be used to measure any changes due to air
During the Cold War, the United States Navy became one of America’s most important deterrence tools largely because of the aircraft carrier, a half-acre mobile platform of American sovereignty and military might. When stressing the importance of the aircraft carrier as a center of gravity of military coercion, few analysts appreciate the relatively small system that makes it a feasible launching platform for aircraft, the catapult system. This paper will explain the mechanics of the aircraft catapult system as well as its evolution from the weight and derrick system to the presently used steam system and new electromagnetic system that Gerald Ford-class aircraft carriers will use.
One thing that helped build a space rocket was a V-2 rocket built by the Germans during WWII. Throughout the years the V-2 rocket turned into the Saturn V rocket. The Saturn V was a rocket NASA built to send people to the moon. The Saturn V rocket was 363 feet tall and about the height of a 36-story-tall building. The Saturn V that launched the Skylab space station only had two stages. The Saturn V rockets used for the Apollo missions had three stages. Each stage would burn its engines until it was out of fuel and would then separate from the rocket and then the next one will start. If it wasn’t for the V-2 and German scientist, von Braun the USA would probably have not traveled to space. The USA sent astronaut John Glent to circle the Earth in 1962 to retaliate the launching of Sputnik. In 1969, a milestone was reached when the USA sent astronaut Neil Armstrong to the moon. The technology on the ship that took Neil to space was equivalent to a basic calculator built in 1980. They took a 64Kb computer (the moon lander) with them to space. It had approximately 64...
Surprisingly, the United States’ space program started with the Cold War. The Cold war pushed the United States and the Soviet Union into a space race in which both nations rapidly developed space programs and tried to best each other in space exploration (Cold War 1). The Kennedy Space Center was built in Florida as a control center which handled many of the shuttle launches into space (NASA 1). The Space Center was built in Florida for many specific reasons including climate and location (Matson 1). The rapid development of the Space program and the Kennedy Space Center significantly changed the development of the surrounding communities in various ways. The development of NASA and the Space Center was undoubtedly one of the most ambitious and influential undertakings of its time.
Kineticsnoise.com. 2013. Spring Lift Slab Concrete Floating Floor System | Model LSM. [online] Available at: http://www.kineticsnoise.com/arch/lsm.html [Accessed: 25 Nov 2013].
== == Flywheel String Slotted mass on hanger Stop-watch Vernier caliper Metre ruler Theory = ==
Another advancement was due to the intermingling of planes, boats and cars. The propulsion engine. This engine uses plasma and electric ions and generates it into concentrated beams pushing away from that point. This engine is used in space on the space station, satellites, rockets, shuttles and all kinds of space travel vehicles because it requires no fuel and can run just off of electricity generated from solar panels.
Space debris is the collection of useless objects in orbit around Earth. It includes all from erosion, spent rocket stages, old satellites, collisions, and fragments from disintegration. A large number of technical studies are currently developing concepts of active removal of space debris to protect space assets from on orbit collision. Since orbits overlap with new spacecraft therefore debris may collide with operational spacecraft.