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Mental illness and criminal justice system
Mental illness and criminal justice system
Argument about mental illness and the criminal justice system
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MILLERSBURG — A Millersburg man was not sane when he wrote threatening letters to three deputies and a judge while incarcerated in the Holmes County Jail in December. Rhett Neville, 43, of 10489 Township Road 262, recently was found not guilty by reason of insanity in Holmes County Common Pleas Court, where he was charged with four counts of intimidation. According to a statement of fact, Neville attempted to “influence, intimidate, or hinder a public servant,” specifically Deputies Geoff McVicker, Christopher Schonauer and Christopher Markley, as well as Holmes County Municipal Judge Jane Irving. Citing two psychological evaluations of Neville, completed in the wake of his indictment, Judge Robert Rinfret issued the insanity finding. It's not the first time Neville has …show more content…
undergone court-ordered evaluation. Following a 2003 charge of menacing by stalking, filed in Holmes County Municipal Court, Neville was deemed incompetent to stand trial. He later was restored to competency and was found guilty of the charge. His most recent evaluations detail a history of anxiety and drug and alcohol abuse.
Several times he was hospitalized with diagnoses include schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder, according to Rinfret's written decision. “He reported that when actively mentally ill, he indicated he 'just had to write' threatening and mean letters,” according to an excerpt of the report prepared by Dr. Brian O'Reilly, which was referenced in Rinfret's decision. Subsequent to his most recent arrest, Neville refused to cooperate with treatment, but eventually complied. A variety of medications have been used to stabilize his condition. Both O'Reilly and Dr. James Karpawich agree Neville, as a result of his mental illness, did not know the wrongfulness of his actions at the time they were committed. “Concerning his knowledge of wrongfulness, Mr. Neville indicates that he does not remember writing the letters or what information/threats were contained in the letters. … (H)e also indicated that he was religiously preoccupied and believed he was 'serving the Lord' by writing the letters,” according to Karpawich, who added, “It needs to be noted that when he wrote the threatening letters, he signed his
name.” Subsequent to finding Neville not guilty by reason of insanity, Rinfret ordered further psychological evaluation to determine what, if any, type of treatment is required. A hearing on that matter has yet to be scheduled. The charges stem from a Dec. 17 incident during which deputies responded to a suspicious person complaint along County Road 292. On arrival, deputies found Neville driving his lawn mower along the roadway, hauling a wagon load of unopened beer, said Chief Deputy Richard Haun. Not only were deputies aware of an outstanding warrant for Neville's arrest, on an outstanding charge of menacing, they suspected he was under the influence, said Haun. Neville, who admitted to drinking one beer but refused to participate in field sobriety testing, noting they arrested him for such even though he refused to participate in field sobriety testing. While in jail, Neville reportedly wrote letters threatening the lives of the judge and three officers, said Haun, adding the letters were intercepted by jail staff. Haun declined to provide details as to the specific threats made. However, Rinfret's decision makes mention of threats to “chop them into pieces, hit others with a lead pipe.” Haun did say this is not the first time Neville has made threats to others, but the first time his threats have involved public servants in their official capacities, which is what made the allegations felonies. Neville has pleaded not guilty to underlying OVI and menacing charges, which are pending in Holmes County Municipal Court.
Sell, as Justice Breyer noted in his majority opinion, had a “long and unfortunate history of mental illness” (Sell, 2003, p. 170). In the 1980s, for example, he called 911, telling the police he witnessed a leopard boarding a bus and proceeded to make suicide threats. In addition to his suicidal ideation and hallucination, Sell had a history of persecutory delusions. The gold he used for fillings in his dental practice, he believed, was contaminated by communists and he often feared that FBI agents were out to kill him. Elements of grandiosity could be seen in Sell’s delusions as well, saying in April 1997 that “‘God told me every [Federal Bureau of Investigation] person I kill, a soul will be saved’” (Breneman, 2004). Despite his history of more grossly psychotic features, both a government and independent court-ordered psychiatrist diagnosed Sell with a delusional disorder.
Even though Jefferson admitted that the letters he received from Wilkinson contained "such a mixture of rumors, conjectures, and suspicions, as renders it difficult to sift out the real facts, and unadvisable to hazard more than general outlines, strengthened by current information, on the particular credibility of the relator," and George Hay, U.S. Attorney, confided to Jefferson that "[m]y confidence in [Wilkinson] is shaken, if not destroyed," the case against Burr was till thoroughly supported by Jefferson. However, the letters became the prosecution’s downfall when it was discovered that Wilkinson altered the cipher letter. Burr could now use the letters for his defense if Jefferson would hand them over to
Later, the superintendent reported that the staff diagnosis was Mental Deficiency, Mild to Moderate, with Psychotic Episodes associated with Convulsive Disorder.
At the age of twenty Charles’s experienced his first psychotic break. Not knowing what was happening Mother called the police as she believed the hallucinations and delusions were from marijuana and cocaine use. Charles was taken to the local jail and from there to the hospital when the symptoms remained for 12 hrs. At which time Charles was diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Through Ronson’s interviews and observations he came to the conclusion that one cannot only use the PCL-R checklist or the DSM to determine whether someone is a psychopath. Many individuals can contain certain aspects of those lists, but are not necessarily psychopaths. There are a vast amount of false accusations regarding mental health disorders, and professionals need to determine a more precise way to sort out these individuals. After reading this book, I am disappointed because I think Ronson does some valuable research but does little to expand on his findings. He covers a lot of different aspects of the “madness industry”, but does not dive deeper into his specific interviews.
As it was found out later, the arrest was the result of the false report provided by the man who claimed that Lawrence possessed weapons at his home. The report was filed by the neighbor Roger David Nance (41 years old) and he has already been accused before for the similar complaints. The above cause to enter the house, however, was not considered to be the issue in the case hearing and Nance admitted that he provided false report.
The criteria of schizoaffective disorder fit David Helfgott very well. Disorganized speech is also an important negative symptom of Schizoaffective Disorder. David’s speech becomes impaired after he has the nervous break down. David has issues where he cannot stop speaking, repetitive words, fast speech, over-wording, and taking extra time to make a point of what he is trying to say. This factor is also important. David did not do drugs. However, he received electric shock therapy after his hospitalization.
His family was said to have a history of mental illness. His uncle suffered from religious mania, his mother had “aural and/or visual hallucinations,” his brother was in a state mental hospital, his sister was diagnosed with a “mental affliction,” and a few other family members were diagnosed with mental illnesses as well.
Insanity (legal sense): A person can be declared insane if they are conscious while committing the crime, committing the criminal act voluntarily, and had no intent to inflict harm. A person declared insane lacks rational intent due to a deficit or disorder, which inhibits their rational thinking
It is unfortunate that Mr. Hughes was not able to receive adequate help for his disorder during his lifetime. Given the aforementioned treatment plan, along with the benefit of current research, and Mr. Hughes affluence to receive the best care, his prognosis during current times would have been quite good.
Insanity is one of those words used today that gets thrown around a lot. Our society has become so numb to it because we were it on a regular basis. Albert Einstein describes insanity as “doing the same thing over and over again and expecting a different result.” Albert Einstein may have been a genius, but in this case he is wrong. There are people in this world who are mentally insane and they can’t help themselves. On rare occasions people like this become killers. In the legal system we have a defense an accused murderer can use to show they were not in their right mind when the act occurred. This is the insanity defense. This happens in 1% of criminal trials in the United States (US). A perfect example of a case that used the insanity defense was Andrea Yates v The State of Texas.
History shows that signs of mental illness and abnormal behavior have been documented as far back as the early Greeks however, it was not viewed the same as it is today. The mentally ill were previously referred to as mad, insane, lunatics, or maniacs. W.B. Maher and B.A. Maher (1985) note how many of the terms use had roots in old English words that meant emotionally deranged, hurt, unhealthy, or diseased. Although early explanations were not accurate, the characteristics of the mentally ill have remained the same and these characteristics are used to diagnose disorders to date. Cultural norms have always been used to assess and define abnormal behavior. Currently, we have a decent understanding of the correlates and influences of mental illness. Although we do not have complete knowledge, psychopathologists have better resources, technology, and overall research skills than those in ancient times.
In an article titled, What is Forensic Psychology, Anyway?, John Brigham attempts to explain the beginnings of psychology and law; Forensics Psychology. Brigham explains that, “forensic psychology involves the interaction of psychology and the legal process” (Brigham 274). Brigham further highlights a historical case and the precedent established by the House of Lords through the induction of the McNaughten Rule, which translates, “To establish a defense on the ground of insanity it must be clearly proved that, at the time of committing the act, the party accused was laboring under such defect of reason, from disease of the mind, as not to know nature and quality of the act he was doing, or he did know it, that he did not know he was doing what was wrong” (Finkel, 1988, p21; Brigham p275). Brigham explains that the concept of introducing psychology into the field of law ...
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) is a multiaxial classification system for mental disorders. The first axis includes an extensive list of clinical syndromes that typically cause significant impairment. In the case of John Nash, his Axis I diagnosis would be paranoid schizophrenia. According to the text, “people with paranoid type schizophrenia have an organized system of delusions and auditory hallucinations that may guide their lives” (Comer, 2011, p. 364). Nash suffered delusions of persecution, fearing that people were out to get him.
Insane automatism alternatively referred to as the defence of insanity dates back from 1843 to what is known as the ‘M'Naughten Rules’ which govern the defence. Under this rule, the defendant at the time of the offence suffers a defect of reason caused by a disease of mind and didn't know that the nature of the act was legally wrong. The test for this defence is legal and not medically recognised as in Sullivan . A successful plea of this type of automatism is a special verdict of "not guilty by reason of insanity" leaving the court authority to detain and give suspension order in a hospital for public protection and the burden of proof rest upon the defendant. While, non-insane automatism sometimes referred to automatism is a defence applicable to all offence and has to do with total loss of voluntary control. The loss of control must not be self-induced when claiming the ...