Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless gas with an obnoxious rotten egg odour. H2S is highly flammable, noxious and vitriolic in nature. Many petroleum and natural gas processing industries produces H2S as a by-product gaseous stream. Most H2S in the air comes from natural sulfur cycle. Exposure to H2S can lead to various health issues like burning/tearing of eyes, cough, and shortness of breath. Moderate concentration can lead to respiratory issues. So it is advisable to make use of this gas in other industrial operations.
Elemental sulfur is conventionally produced using H2S by Claus Process which is further utilized in the production of H2SO4 or rubber industries. But high amount of energy and necessary process control over oxygen and H2S ratio makes Claus process uneconomical. H2S-laden gas can be utilized well by absorbing into aqueous alkanolamine and then using this reagent to produce organo-sulfur compounds like thioether, mercaptans, disulfides etc., which have higher usability and better market value.
The overall objective of this project is to study of synthesis of aromatic disulfide using H2S rich aq. alkanolamine and Benzyl Chloride in presence of phase transfer catalyst.
Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless gas with an obnoxious rotten egg odour. H2S is highly flammable, noxious and vitriolic in nature. Its presence can be felt by smell at very low levels, as low as 0.5 ppb in air. Many petroleum and natural gas processing industries produces H2S as a by-product in gaseous stream. Most H2S in the air comes in from natural sulfur cycle. It is produced when bacteria decompose plant and animal material, often in stagnant waters where oxygen content is low such as bogs and swamps. Volcanic eruptions, sulfur springs, salt marsh...
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...orrosion inhibitors, foam depressants, buffers, etc. They offer advantages like selective H2S removal, partial or complete CO2 removal, high acid gas loading, COS removal etc. (Manning and Thompson, 1991; Pearce and Wolcott, 1986; Thomas, 1988: Meissner and Wagner. 1983; Meissner, 1983; Niswander et al., 1992).
MDEA- Methyldiethanol amine is clear, colorless pale yellow with ammonia odour, miscible with water, alcohol, benzene with chemical composition CH3N (C2H4OH)2 . It is a sweetening agent.
Advantages of using MDEA over MEA or DEA:
1. The fact that MDEA is a tertiary amine makes it less basic. Also there is no hydrogen attached to nitrogen. So if any CO2 is present in gas, it can react only after CO2 dissolves in order to form bicarbonate, which then undergoes acid-base reaction with amines. But both MEA and DEA react with all the CO2 present in the gas stream.
The goal of this lab is to exemplify a standard method for making alkyne groups in two main steps: adding bromine to alkene groups, and followed by heating the product with a strong base to eliminate H and Br from C. Then, in order to purify the product obtained, recrystallization method is used with ethanol and water. Lastly, the melting point and IR spectrum are used to determine the purity of diphenylacetylene.
In this experiment, four elimination reactions were compared and contrasted under acidic (H2SO4) and basic (KOC(CO3)3) conditions. The acid-catalyzed dehydration was done on 2-butanol and 1-butanol; a 2ᵒ and 1ᵒ alcohol, respectively. The base-induced dehydrobromination was performed on 2-bromobutane and 1-bromobutane; isomeric halides. The stereochemistry and regiochemistry of the four reactions were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) to determine product distribution (assuming that the amount of each product in the gas mixture is proportional to the area under its complementary GC peak. The three butene products have been verified that they elute in the following order: 1-butene, trans-2-butene, and cis-2-butene.
The molecule hydrogen sulphide contains one sulphide atom however it is less electronegative than oxygen which is found in a water molecule therefore in hydrogen sulphide there are not hydrogen which are connected to any very powerful electronegative molecules for example oxygen, nitrogen and fluorine. However in hydrogen sulphide there are lone pairs of electrons which may be used to make a bind which is known as hydrogen bonds.
Sulfur will burn, albeit very slowly. The addition of an oxidizer (such as KNO3) greatly
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) content in biogas determines its quality. Hydrogen sulfide concentration may exceed 0.2 % by volume in raw biogas, capable of causing damages ...
Sulfur is also in some proteins and vitamins. Some people have even sprinkled sulfur in their yards to get rid of snakes, but it should not be used if you have pets or children. There are some organic compounds of sulfur which include, calcium sulfur, carbon disulfide, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide. Sulfur dioxide is a dangerous component of sulfur and is an important component of sulfur. Certain medications that contain sulfur help treat depression, fibromyalgia, arthritis, interstitial cystitis, athletic injuries, congestive heart failure, diabetes, cancer, and AIDS.
Predictions may be made about the suitability of possible catalysts by assuming that the mechanism of catalysis consists of two stages, either of which can be first:
Hydrogen is a tasteless, odorless, colorless gas. Hydrogen is found in group 1 and period 1 on the periodic table. Hydrogen is classified as a nonmetal on the periodic table. The symbol for hydrogen is represented by an H, its atomic number is 1, and its atomic weight is 1.0079. The hydrogen atom consists of one proton, which has a positive charge, and one electron, which has a negative charge. The term hydrogen comes from two Greek words meaning water-former. Henry Cavendish, an English scientist, discovered it in 1766. Named by Lavoisier, hydrogen is the most abundant of all elements in the universe. The sun and many other stars consist of mostly hydrogen. It is the third most abundant element on earth. It is estimated that hydrogen makes up more than 90% of all the atoms or three quarters of the mass of the universe. Hydrogen plays an important part in powering the universe though both the proton-proton reaction and carbon-nitrogen cycle. Hydrogen occurs in almost all organic compounds. Many of the compounds found in plant and animal tissues are organic. Production of hydrogen in the U.S. alone now amounts to about 3 billion cubic feet per year. Some of the methods that hydrogen is prepared by are steam on heated carbon, decomposition of certain hydrocarbons with heat, action of sodium or potassium hydroxide on aluminum, or displacement from acids by certain metals. Hydrogen may be condensed to a liquid that boils at -257.87°C and freezes at -259.14°C. Hydrogen ...
Hydrogen is a diatomic element that is in a gaseous form at room temperature. Its most identifying characteristic is the fact that it is highly explosive. It is the lightest element in the world, and has a lifting power of 8% more than that of helium. Hydrogen was used in airships and zeppelins for more than 20 years during the beginning of the 20th century. This practice stopped abruptly after the German airship Hindenburg disaster over New Jersey. It is used in fuel cells to create electricity, and to power cars and planes. Liquid hydrogen is mixed with liquid oxygen to form a cryogenic liquid that is burnt in Solid Rocket Boosters to power the space shuttle. Hydrogen is used to fill weather balloons because of its superb lifting power.
When a hydrogen atom in an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon is replaced by halogen atoms then the compounds are termed as haloalkanes and haloarenes. Halogens are the less reactive functional group in comparison to carboxyl or aldehyde group. Therefore, halogen group when attached as a functional group do not bring a drastic difference in the overall physical properties of a compound. However, some differences can be seen as we move down the group in the homologous series of haloalkanes and haloarenes due to the difference in the atomic masses.
Methane is a far more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide (15), as its four hydrogen bonds absorb more infrared radiation than carbon dioxide, thus having a greater and instantaneous contribution to the enhanced greenhouse effect. However, methane has an atmospheric life of approximately 12 years (15), compared to a much longer duration for carbon dioxide. Methane’s shorter life is defined by its ability to react with hydroxyl radicals (15) in the atmosphere, in turn being converted into water and carbon dioxide (FIGURE 1). Methane gas is also able to react with halogens in the atmosphere, via a process known as free radical halogenation, where ultraviolet light breaks the bonds in diatomic halogens, thus attracting the hydrogen atoms
General Description: A yellow or red crystalline solid or powder. Combustible. Insoluble in water. Toxic by inhalation (dust) and ingestion.
slow down the depletion of the ozone layer by taking carbon dioxide out of the air.
In chemistry there are a lot of elements on the periodic table. One of the elements is hydrogen. Hydrogen the first element in the periodic table it is colorless, combustible and lightest of all gases. It was first artificially produced in the early 16th century by Henry Cavendish. As we know hydrogen can be used as fuel, and the fossil fuel energy has been used in many areas, but human can’t produce the fossil energy fuel by themselves, the more we use, the less we have left, so hydrogen may be used as the most common use fuel instead of gases in the future, it is not only used as fuel but also extensively used in different areas, such as industry, agriculture, medicine, and research.
Factories and transportation depend on huge amounts of fuel--billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world every year. When these fuels burn they introduce smoke and other, less visible, by-products into the atmosphere.