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Psychology of outcasts
Psychology of outcasts
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The Exile from a Community Is Harmful The banishment of a person from a community can have a long lasting and harmful effect. It teaches the one who is an exile that he or she is unwanted nor cared for. Communities make labels for those they exile and give reasons and beliefs for why that person should not be apart of their society. Normally it's the belief that having that person around would be harmful towards others. Grendel relates to this for he is not welcome within the community and he is thought to be destructful and unsafe. Grendel’s exile affects him as a person by turning him into more of a monster. This can first of all be seen when Beowulf says, “Till the monster stirred, that demon,/ ...Grendel/ ...made his home in a hell./ Not hell but hell on earth. He was spawned in that slime/ Of …show more content…
Cain, murderous creatures banished/ By God, punished forever for the crime/ Of Abel's death” (Heaney 101-108). This quote gives insight to the way the people view Grendel and the history behind his life. His ancestry begins with Cain. The story of Cain and Abel begin in the book of Genesis in the Bible. It is a story about two brothers who would compete to impress God. One day God asks the two brothers to bring him a sacrifice. Cain brings an arrangement of food that he could care less to lose. Abel decides to kill the animal he loves the most as his sacrifice. God chose Abel’s offering to be the better of the two. God’s choice causes Cain to lose his temper and he kills Abel. The story of Beowulf relates Grendel to be a follower of Cain because of his sinful and harmful actions. Throughout Beowulf, Grendel’s actions play a large role in the way the community treats him. Banishment from a society can cause people to take certain actions. These actions may consist of violence, rebellion, verbal abuse, ect. This usually begins after instigation. Grendel chooses violence as the outcome of his exile and attacks the community killing civilians. We first see the way the people react in a quote that says, “...the monster relished his savage war/ On the Danes, keeping the bloody feud/ Alive, seeking no peace, offering/ No truce…” (151-157). This quote is a description of Grendel’s actions through his attacks. He is seen as heartless, evil, and a demon from hell. Grendel’s actions also cause him to gain labels of what the community views him as. Labels can define and transform a person.
When people are told something wrong about themselves, they will not always react in the happiest way. This does not even depend on whether or not what is said about them is true. As Grendel’s labels worsen, so do his actions. His labels set expectations for him and they have a lot to say about the type of person he is. Because of this he lives up to and exceeds those expectations set upon him to disrupt, kill, and destroy the society. IN an example, Beowulf compares himself to Grendel by saying, “Grendel is no braver, no stronger/ Than I am! I could kill him with my sword; I shall not,/ Easy as it would be. This fiend is a bold/ And famous fighter, but his claws and teeth.../Beating at my sword blade, would be helpless. I will meet him/ With my hands empty-unless his heart/ Fails him....” (677-683). Beowulf looks at Grendel highly in a positive and negative way. He understands how powerful Grendel is but he also understands how dangerous and threatening he is. This builds up Grendel’s character allowing Grendel to have the upper hand in his battles because the people are afraid of him. His labels are what made him who he
is. Grendel’s ancestry, actions, and labels influence his character. The community plays a role in each one of those topics. Exiling Grendel brought chaos and death among the people due to their actions. Everything could have been avoided and had a happier ending. Without the community exiling Grendel, he most likely would have been a different person than the one seen in this story.
Rudd cites various sections of the poem, describing Grendel as a “night-monster of the border lands” (Rudd 3), and the translation of the poem says that Grendel was, “...Conceived by a pair of those monsters born Of Cain, murderous creatures banished By God…” (Raffel 42). Rudd also gives evidence for Grendel being seen as demonic, and reasons that Grendel attacks the Danes out of “...not mere thirst for gore, as we might suspect… but rather… envy of the Danes’ happiness- and envy was a chief characteristic of the medieval devil.” (Ruud 5). He then ties this devilish persona to Grendel’s humanistic aspects, stating Grendel has a heathen soul, and therefore he must be human. Ruud also notes, however, that there are critics who question the validity of portraying Grendel as this three-sided figure, asking questions such as, “How can Grendel be a devil when he has a physical body? How can he be a man when he is so manifestly bestial?” (Ruud 7). Ruud believes that the original poet of Beowulf is doing this for effect rather than consistency, but a more reasonable explanation that encompasses all three characteristics is that Grendel represents the evil in
Perhaps he would actually like to live a normal life with the humans. “Some evil inside myself pushed out into the trees, I knew what I knew, the mindless, mechanical bruteness of things, and when the harper’s lure drew my mind away from hopeful dreams, the dark of what was and always was reached out and snatched my feet.” (Gardner 54) It seems as though Grendel would like to change things if he could, but some outside force will not allow it. Even if this is true, Grendel is still inherently evil. Despite whatever dreams he may have. The reader simply cannot ignore the fact that he still does evil deeds with evil intentions. He is seemingly unable to feel love, or at least disinterested in it. He enjoys torturing and killing humans and rarely shows mercy. Due to these facts, it is impossible to say Grendel is a hero in this
One night, as Grendel was sleeping soundly in his home in the swamplands, he was suddenly awakened by the sound of music. The music angered Grendel because he had been up late the night before entertaining his monster friends and was in need of his beauty rest. So he headed out the front door and headed to see what the commotion is all about.
He is damaged psychologically and is basically put on exile by his own nature. As more humans appear to colonize within the area, Grendel meets a blind poet he calls “ the shaper” who tells the story of a man named Scyld Shefing, however being a myth Grendel is confused becomes hysterical and flees. When Grendel gets back to his cave he attempts to speak to his mother again and fails. This leads him to feel even more lonely and falls through the sea where he meets a dragon with a different philosophical view of fatalism. He shares with Grendel this view and Grendel again becomes hysterical. So it seems that when someone eventually does communicate with Grendel he is even more confused. Especially when someone has a different ideology, Grendel enters into a state of denial and
Grendel as a character is very intelligent, he is capable of rational thought at all times. Because of this, at sometimes during the story I would forget Grendel is a monster, the way he acts in his thoughts and actions I would mistake him for a human; at times I was even feeling bad for Grendel because he is a very lonely person who tries to understand all of the meaningless of the world around him. Grendel can never get to close to
Grendel can be characterized with the villain archetype as a result of society forcing him to become a more cold hearted and unfeeling person. In this part of
The fact having Grendel as the main character makes it even more interesting because is almost kind of unknown. I describe him as the unknown because you really do not know what he really is. At one point he is kind of confusing because he is both characterized as a human and a monster who kills and eats humans. How awful is that? Grendel can be scary but at the same time who feel sort of sorry for him when he describes being lonely with the desire of companion. For example, I felt kind of sorry for him because he is being alone in situations that seem kind of tough. But in the other hand Grendel eats humans and that is kind of scary. Although Grendel would eat humans, I do not blame him because that is what he was thought to do in a way. It’s like following the same step you are thought to do. That is Grendel’s case. He was not really thought it was wrong to do so, he was in a way confused and all he wanted to do was to understand his place in a potentially meaningless
Throughout the novel Grendel by John Gardner, the monster Grendel has many different encounters that change his view on the world. Whether it was through nihilism, existentialism, or idealism Grendel was influenced in many ways by all of them. The monster Grendel starts out as an existentialist, but morphs into a nihilist after he talks to the most nihilistic character in the book, the dragon. Influenced through nihilism, existentialism, and idealism Grendel is reshaped and sculpted into a new thing entirely.
Grendel represents everything that an Anglo-Saxon warrior should not be. As he is introduced into the story, he is characterized by having, “…no idea of the
...n very human feelings of resentment and jealousy. Grendel was an unstable and saddened figure because of his outcast status. Though Grendel had many animal attributes and a grotesque, monstrous appearance, he seemed to be guided by vaguely human emotions and impulses. He truthfully showed more of an interior life than one might expect. Exiled to the swamplands outside the boundaries of human society, Grendel’s depiction as an outcast is a symbol of the jealousy and hate that seeks to destroy others' happiness and can ultimately cripple a civilization. This take on the outcast archetype ultimately exposes the Anglo Saxon people’s weaknesses, their doubts and anxieties towards the traditional values that bounded nearly every aspect of their life.
Grendel then began to show even more human traits than before. He became envious their happiness and starting becoming the cruel one. He started torturing and killing humans quite frequently. He starts to enjoy being cruel during his first raid. “I felt a strange, unearthly joy. It was as if I’d made some incredible discover, like my discovery long ago of the moonlit world beyond the mere. I was transformed” (79). This kind of cruelness came easily to Grendel, not unlike the humans had watched for so long. Grendel slowly becomes more and less human. He starts to lose his humanity but shows off just how human he is. Grendel becomes what he hates the most, cruel and pointless. Though Grendel enjoys the human’s suffering, it only makes him feel worse. “I feel my anger coming back, building up like invisible fire, and at last, when my soul can no longer resist, I go up - as mechanical as anything else - fists clenched against my lack of will, my belly growling, mindless as wind, for blood” (Gardner 9). Grendel falls into the trap and start to enjoy the suffering of others. While this isn’t a problem at first, Grendel eventually realizes just how pointless this is. How pointless everything is. Grendel sees that the world doesn’t do anything for anyone. He won’t be given anything and he probably won’t ever be happy. As a result, Grendel learns to live with this hatred and continues
Despite her evil actions, it is evident that there is less malice in her than Grendel and she is less of a symbol of pure evil than he is. For example, her attack on Heorot is somewhat appropriate and could be considered honorable by the standards of warrior culture, as it marks an attempt to avenge one’s son’s death. In fact, the motive for her attack is similar to Beowulf’s motive for his attack on her: avenging the death of a loved one. One of the most interesting aspects of Grendel’s mother’s attachment to this vengeance-demanding code that the warriors follow is that she is depicted as not entirely alien or monstrous. Her behavior is not only comprehensible but also justified. In other ways, however, Grendel and his mother are indeed portrayed as creatures from another world. One aspect of their difference from the humans portrayed in the poem is that Grendel’s strong parental figure is his mother rather
Grendel is alone; he can not know God’s love and be comforted. He is an outcast, and the sins of his forefather have fallen upon him. Evil can not stand God being glorified just as the praising of God by the Danes angered Grendel.
Grendel exhibits human feelings and characteristics in many ways. Although Grendel is a monster “forced into isolation by his bestial appearance and limited imagination” (Butts) he yearns to be a part of society; he craves companionship while he is isolated. With his “ear pressed tight against the timbers [of Hart]” (43), he watches and listens to the humans and what goes on in Hart, the meadhall of King Hrothgar, to feel like he is a part of civilization. He also has feelings in relation to specific humans. Just like the citizens of Denmark, he is extremely affected by the Shaper and his songs that are “aswim in ringing phrases, magnificent, golden, all of them, incredibly, lies” (43). Grendel is profoundly “moved by the power of the Shaper’s poetry” (Butts). Queen Wealtheow shows Grendel the feminine, sweet, and kind side of life. “She had secret wells of joy that overflowed to them all” and her peaceful effect on those around her is a main cause of Grendel’s almost obsessive fascination with her and in turn, drives Grendel to feelings of rage. Grendel’s humanlike feelings show that his personality is similar to that of a human, helping those who read his story to relate to him.
Grendel, the first monster encountered in Beowulf, is introduced as a creature who leaves terror and causes harm. However, he is not really described physically, meaning that his characteristics and appearances are of no importance in the poem rather it is his actions that are. It is learned that Grendel is