Essay On Congo Virus

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HISTORY
Congo virus is also known as crimean-congo virus. The virus was named as Crimean–congo on the basis of location where it was first found. The virus was first discovered in 1944 in South East Asia and Europe during the outbreak with hemorrhage fever characterized by bleeding and fever that can be fatal. Disease was first diagnosed in three peoples showing the same symptoms but only one of them survived. Later on, multiple copies of RNA genome of congo virus was found in the serum of diseased person and provided the clue for further experimentations. The genome was tacked using deep sequencing procedure. Further phylogenetic studies indicated more differences with other known rhabdoviruses.

Antibodies specific for CCHFV glycoprotein was developed. Neutralization was seen with CCHF-G.Hemorrhagic fever with this kind of virus seems unusual in humans because none of the virus of this family is associated with this kind of disease indicating that BAS-Congo virus was the initial cause of the outbreak.
Organisms other than humans like fishes are also known to develop a kind of hemorrhagic fever known as viral hemorrhagic septicemia, also characterized by bleeding, but this is associated with nonrhabdoviruses.
Another specie of congo virus named as BAS-congo virus was identified in 2006.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhage fever is very fatal disease with high mortility rate. The disease was first observed in Asia, Europe, and Africa with 30% death rate.[1]
CLASSIFICATION
Congo viruses are placed in class five of Baltimore classification with negative sense RNA genome. No pyhylum, class, or order is assigned to them. Congo viruses belong to family Bunyaviridae, and genus Nairovirus.[2]
CHARACTERISTICS
 MORPHOLOGY
CCHFV is ...

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...ected animals. Vertebrate hosts including livestock e.g cattles, sheep and goat serve as a reservoir for infections. some infections in animals produces no symptoms while other varies with host.
Growth period varies from 3 to 7 days with a maximum limit upto 13 days.
Virions become inactive when treated with detergents at high temperature for 30minutes.
 TREATMENT
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever CCHF is well known fatal disease produced by Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus CCHFV.The disease prevailed in approximately 30 countries.[1]
Recent experimentations indicate Ribavirin as most effective drug against CCHF . During treatment ribavirin was given to patients of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever CCHF for specific period of exposure and effective results were observed. Antibodies IgM and IgG were produced against virus that prevented the viral infection.[4]

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