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Horse breeding science
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he topic for my quarter project was Equine Genetics. I was interested in this topic because I have always had a love for horses and a curiosity for what caused them to be so different throughout the breeds. I was raised with horses and began riding before I could walk. My passion has grown as I’ve become more experienced, and now, I want to ride horses for a living. I started riding western in 4-H and various saddle clubs but when I was about 8 years old, I discovered a hidden passion for english riding, specifically eventing. After being to many, many shows and seeing so many different horses, I began to wonder what made them so different. My father works very close to a world-renowned equine judge and expert in conformation, Richard Shrake,
Justin Morgan was a living legend. Born in 1789, Justin Morgan started life as a small, rough-coated colt known as "Figure." Gradually, the local population began to talk about the feats of "the Justin Morgan horse". Justin Morgan also proved to be one of the greatest breeding horses of all time. While most breeds develop by breeding horses of similar characteristics to each other, Justin Morgan's ability to pass his characteristics to his offspring for generations to come allowed this single stallion to found an entire breed in his likeness. Today, every registered Morgan traces back to Justin Morgan through his best-known sons Bulrush, Sherman, and Woodbury.
I can remember being a little kid and listening to stories my Grandpa and Great Grandpa told about the mustangs that used to be around the Black Canyon. They used to tell stories about when they would put their mares out with the mustangs during the winter to get bred. Then they would go out in the spring and catch their mares. They told stories of the times they had to chase the mustangs from the fields during the winter so the cattle could eat. They told of when they would go and capture the colts from the herd to keep for themselves. I can even remember the last one they ever had. He was at least 25 years old when I saw him. The last I knew of the mustangs Bureau of Land Management (BLM) rounded the herd up and that is all I ever heard.
My periodic table on horse breeds. I choose this because I love horses. I love riding them, caring for them, and just being around them in general. I organized the horse breeds into four groups - ponies, light horses (usually riding horses), and draft horses (usually working horses), and other horses (miniature horses, gaited horses, etc.).
“War is brutish, inglorious and a terrible waste” (Sledge 315). E.B Sledge says this when describing war after two grueling campaigns in the Pacific. However, there is irony. Earlier in the war, Sledge is hungry for war, for action, for involvement. War intrigues him, then like most, he feels the reality of it. This is one of the main focuses in With the Old Breed. Sledge’s view of war changes as he continues through the war and beyond, along with his understanding of conflict and the realization of war being the solution.
Kirkpatrick, Jay F. "The Surprising History of America's Wild Horses." LiveScience.com. Live Science, 24 July 2008. Web. 17 Nov. 2013. .
The American horse racing industry has been admired by generations upon generations. Although it is a very cherished sport, like any other sport, there are many issues involved. The major issue that I find is that many owners make the decision to breed when there are other solutions. The Jockey Club, also known as the head council for the American Horse Racing Industry, should be addressing the major issue of overbreeding in the American horse racing industry.
In 1997, when Michigan native Jo Anne Normile's children left home, she found herself looking for something to do with her free time. The kids had always been interested in horses; Normile decided to get involved herself. She leased a broodmare for one dollar, picked out a stallion and was soon in the racing business. A hands-on owner, Normile found herself constantly at the track. One day, a trainer asked her to look at a horse he needed to sell- gorgeous, sound and tall, but not fast enough to race. Normile couldn't buy a third horse, but took it upon herself to contact several of the barns she knew from her children's participation in equine sports to see if she could find someone who could. Normile now realized that there was a need for
Equine-Assisted therapy so far has shown commendable results. “Equestrian Therapy” acknowledges that “it is a fairly new technique for autism and other disorders that has been providing promising results such that many are consistently utilize therapy animals in their treatment programs and only for autism but also for people with Asperger’s syndrome. Equine therapy for special needs is an animal-assisted therapy that helps children with a wide variety of disabilities. This type of therapy makes use of riding horses as an effective way of providing physical and emotional therapy as well as psychological benefits” (“Equestrian Therapy”). Equine Therapy helps develop the motor skills of a child while they learn to ride a horse. The calming
domestic horses (equus caballus). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(3), 947-951. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809127105
Fletcher, John C. Introduction to the Virginia ELSI Project; "Preparing for the New Genetics: Education of Professionals;" University of Virginia Press, Charlottesville, VA.
Horse racing has become increasingly popular as demonstrated by the growing amount of money bet on events each year. The Kentucky Derby, horse racing’s most well known event, is an applicable example. While lasting just over two minutes, the main race generated $112.7 million in wagering, up 7.8% from the year prior. (Brisnet.com) Some critics, however, feel that the sport as a whole has become artificially supported through genetic enhancement used to achieve the high level of precision and strength necessary to excel. An anonymous opinion piece in the New York Times brings attention to the relationship between an industry that has grown exponentially in revenue and the pressure placed on those in position to capitalize on that growth. In light of this opportunity to make a substantial amount of money trends have been established that undermine the safety of both the jockey and the horse. Although through the horses inability to voice an opinion in its own partnership a unique situation is created. Unlike the horse, a jockey may refuse the trainer or mangers urging to partake in jeopardizing or otherwise illicit activities. The risk thus unwillingly imposed on the horse raises large ethical and moral concerns, especially when the motives behind the behavior are made clear. In specific circumstances the use of genetic enhancement may be extremely beneficial although within horse racing the implementation of such procedures are by and large not utilized for the benefit of the horse but for the increased profit derived through alteration. Genetic alteration of horses is ethically and morally unjust within the context of horse racing because the long term risks the horses are unwillingly exposed to garner more importance than the in...
When you think of a kangaroo and a horse, you probably think of two completely different animals. Although these two are very different, they are also surprisingly similar. One main way they differ is kangaroos are known as marsupials where as horses are known as placental animals. Most of their similarities and differences consist within their structure,where they live, and the way they live.
12) Line 242, 2 or 3 alleles > 2 or 3 copies? 13) Table 2. It may be useful to have a likelihood ratio for each model. 14) Line 267, fenotype -> phenotype? 15) The introduction is human/livestock orientated, but the remainder of the paper is presented in livestock terminology. Some discussion about the relevance of the results to human populations would be useful.
here are 5 common genetic defects in quarter horses but I will focus on HYPP and PSSM. Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, it is a defect in the conduction of electrical impulses that controls muscle contractions. Horses with minor cases have few tremors, but horses that are chronic develop dangerous muscle cramping, paralysis, collapsing and/or sudden death. This defect became of breeders selecting heavy muscling in quarter horses to win halter classes. It is a highly heritable trait, because if even one parent is a carrier it will be passed on to the offspring as another carrier. If two carriers of this mutation mate than there is a 50% that offspring will express the mutation. But this mutation
These two blood samples that we observed were the karyotypes of a female human and a female horse. What is significant about this experiment is the fact that neither sample A3 or B23 suffer from any form of variance. We can confirm that the human karyotype is healthy, supported by Pathology (2015), and the horse karyotypes are also healthy, with evidence from Horseman (2015). From the images provided we can see there is no significantly apparent mutation or missing chromosomes. As a karyotype test provides information about the number of chromosomes a person has, the structure of their chromosomes and the sex of the individual, it is able to distinguish if said person will suffer from any sort of disorder, such as Down syndrome. Down syndrome is a congenital condition caused by an extra chromosome. “For example, if a human karyotype depicts that a patient has three copies of the 21st chromosome, instead of two, the patient is diagnosed with Trisomy 21, also known as Down's syndrome”. (Innovateus.net, 2015) This is one significant way that karyotyping is used in the modern